Positive associations fuel soil biodiversity and ecological networks worldwide

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(6)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Microbial interactions are key to maintaining soil biodiversity. However, whether negative or positive associations govern the microbial system at a global scale remains virtually unknown, limiting our understanding of how microbes interact support biodiversity and functions. Here, we explored ecological networks among multitrophic organisms involving bacteria, protists, fungi, invertebrates in survey across 20 regions planet found that both pairs triads taxa governed networks. We further revealed with greater levels supported larger resulted lower network fragility withstand potential perturbations species losses. Our study provides unique evidence widespread between their crucial role structure worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Density‐dependent species interactions modulate alpine treeline shifts

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Species interactions such as facilitation and competition play a crucial role in driving species range shifts. However, density dependence key feature of these processes has received little attention both empirical modelling studies. Herein, we used novel, individual‐based treeline model informed by rich situ observations to quantify the contribution density‐dependent alpine dynamics, an iconic biome boundary recognized indicator global warming. We found that dominate dense versus sparse vegetation scenarios respectively. The optimal balance between two effects was identified at intermediate thickness where elevation highest. Furthermore, shift rates decreased sharply with associated transition from positive negative interactions. thus postulate must be considered when dynamics avoid inadequate predictions its responses climate

Language: Английский

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Accelerated succession in Himalayan alpine treelines under climatic warming

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Compensatory responses of vital rates attenuate impacts of competition on population growth and promote coexistence

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 437 - 447

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Competition is among the most important factors regulating plant population and community dynamics, but we know little about how different vital rates respond to competition jointly determine growth species coexistence. We conducted a field experiment parameterised integral projection models model of 14 herbaceous in absence presence neighbours across an elevation gradient (284 interspecific pairs). found that suppressed individual seedling establishment contributed competition-induced declines growth, although rate contributions varied greatly between with elevation. In contrast, size-specific survival flowering probability seed production were frequently enhanced under competition. These compensatory responses nearly ubiquitous (occurred 92% pairs) significantly reduced niche overlap stabilised Our study highlights importance demographic processes for which has often been neglected by classic coexistence theories.

Language: Английский

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Intercrop overyielding weakened by high inputs: Global meta-analysis with experimental validation

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 342, P. 108239 - 108239

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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High nitrogen addition induces functional trait divergence of plant community in a temperate desert steppe

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 487(1-2), P. 133 - 156

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Modeling the continua in the outcomes of biotic interactions

Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(4)

Published: Feb. 18, 2023

The outcome of many ecological interactions lies somewhere along a continuum between pure positive and negative effects. Although the popularity this idea has notoriously risen in last decades, with occurrence continua interaction outcomes invoked for wide variety interactions, absence precise theoretical treatment led to considerable inaccuracy ambiguity its treatment. We develop here consumer-resource model explore continua. This is based on assumption that distribution individual events includes both immediate outcomes, variable frequencies, at least one interacting species. Our study shows happen just by varying sign impact events. exact shape depends proportion versus relative magnitude per-capita strengths. are key property most pairwise originated from roles played partners. It constitutes step forward paradigm change discrete categorization new perspective over continuous space.

Language: Английский

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Large‐scale facilitative effects for a single nurse shrub: Impact of the rainfall gradient, plant community and distribution across a geographical barrier

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(2), P. 233 - 245

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abstract Importance of nurse plants structuring plant communities is well‐appreciated at local scales, yet the effect a single on large scales has been neglected in analyses. So far, studies only use environmental gradients within one type ecosystem and tend to generalize effects. To assess how species modulated by different settings, interactions between shrub Vachellia caven surrounding were evaluated 481 paired plots (outside vs. underneath crown), 39 sites across two distribution ranges, Mediterranean west mostly subtropical east Andes Mountains (covering ca. 2 × 10 6 km ). Cover, abundance richness perennial outside V. used as response variables estimate an index indicative (relative interaction [RII]) tested this was affected rainfall gradient range. Overall, RII responses had low conditional R (~0.25) scale analysis, but significantly ranges: followed quadratic trend western range, while relationship positive close linear eastern Then, projecting models (i.e. for abundance, cover richness) spatially through consensus map, we show that most effects are geographically found dissimilar areas: central part Chile (western range) Paraná River (eastern range). When fine‐scale predictors annual herbs' height, herbivores' faeces cover) model each variable plot level (underneath or ), observed similar trends when considered large‐scale predictors. Synthesis . Here, same neighbouring can be very depending ranges distribution, stressing its ecological function cannot generalized not depends factors also context‐dependent.

Language: Английский

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Fast–slow traits predict competition network structure and its response to resources and enemies

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Plants interact in complex networks but how network structure depends on resources, natural enemies and species resource‐use strategy remains poorly understood. Here, we quantified competition among 18 plants varying fast–slow strategy, by testing increased nutrient availability reduced foliar pathogens affected intra‐ inter‐specific interactions. Our results show that nitrogen altered several aspects of structure, often unexpected ways due to fast slow growing responding differently. Nitrogen addition asymmetry networks, as expected, decreased it networks. Pathogen reduction made more even less skewed because targeted weaker competitors. Surprisingly, dampened each other's effect. plant growth is key understand respond resources enemies, a prediction from classic theories which has rarely been tested linking functional traits

Language: Английский

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Effects of salt stress on interspecific competition between an invasive alien plant Oenothera biennis and three native species

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 21, 2023

Biological invasions and soil salinization have become increasingly severe environmental problems under global change due to sea-level rise poor management. Invasive species can often outcompete native species, but few studies focus on whether invasive alien are always superior competitors increasing stressors. We grew an grass Oenothera biennis L., three (Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant., Chenopodium album Inula japonica Thunb.) as a monoculture (two seedlings of each species) or mixture (one seedling O. one seedling) levels salt treatments (0, 1, 2 g/kg NaCl) in greenhouse. found that exhibited greater performance over C. I. japonica, lower compared A. argyi, regardless the salinity. However, salinity did not significantly affect relative dominance biennis. Interspecific competition enhanced growth inhibited japonica. Although had seedlings, was affected by at any level. At high levels, while Salt alleviated competitive effect mitigate between other two species. Therefore, our study provides evidence for better understanding mechanisms various conditions.

Language: Английский

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