Climate change aggravates bird mortality in pristine tropical forests

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(5)

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Stable understory microclimates within undisturbed rainforests are often considered refugia against climate change. However, this assumption contrasts with emerging evidence of Neotropical bird population declines in intact rainforests. We assessed the vulnerability resident rainforest birds to climatic variability, focusing on dry season severity characterized by hotter temperatures and reduced rainfall. Analyzing 4264 individual captures over 27 years, we found that harsher Amazonian seasons significantly apparent survival for 24 29 species, longer-lived species being more strongly affected. Our model predicted a 1°C increase average temperature would reduce mean community 63%. These findings directly link change declining Amazon, challenging notion pristine can fully protect their biodiversity under increasingly severe conditions.

Language: Английский

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Sharp declines in observation and capture rates of Amazon birds in absence of human disturbance

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51, P. e02902 - e02902

Published: March 15, 2024

Across the globe, unprecedented declines have been reported across a range of taxa. Among most well documented are in bird populations, with attributable to human activities such as deforestation and other alterations habitats. There is increasing evidence that populations also declined at sites within large expanses relatively undisturbed lowland tropical forest, Amazonia. Causes likely varied may be related direct or indirect effects climate change. Here, we use mist-net data observations examine changes numbers over 22-yr period on two 100-ha study plots an Amazonian forest eastern Ecuador. As previously reported, capture rates experienced from 2009 on; observation showed through 2013 but subsequently shown no consistent trend up down. Overall now approximately half during first decade. Most foraging guilds time, particularly pronounced among insectivorous groups. With few exceptions, patterns change were similar between suggesting more general response rather than responses local factors each plot. Capture ∼90% common species both understory canopy lower latter part study, only (∼10%) showing increases. Similarly, seen mixed-species flocks. Large noted conducted long-term population studies, including Panama Brazil, large-scale factors, While not yet documented, consequences losing 50% abundance substantial could result extinction rare species, altered interactions social organization, declining ecological function biotic integrity these ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Many winners, few losers: stable bird populations on an Afrotropical mountain amidst climate change

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Organisms in mountainous areas are frequently exposed to climatic extremes and among the most vulnerable climate change. Long-term studies on birds along elevational gradients, which vital understanding species dynamics, rare tropical mountains, limits ability understand their population trends face of We modelled local abundances understorey bird (N=18) over a 13-year period (2011–2023) Mt. Kasigau, Kenya, using mist netting data collected an gradient. Our models show relatively stable study period. However, we found two distinct crashes that affected 2015 2022, suggesting changes dynamics may lead heavy declines populations regions. Most had period, but parametric bootstrapping revealed declining trend for few species, including endemic, threatened species. highlight importance regions maintaining global environmental transformation such as posed by change, dynamism across small spatial-temporal variations. While mountain ecosystems viewed potential refugia biodiversity warming climate, further needed drivers short long-term at higher elevations, especially Africa.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies the paradox of plankton: many species plankton feeding on limited variety resources coexist, apparently flouting competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that number predator (consumer) cannot exceed at steady state. Here, we present mechanistic model and demonstrate intraspecific interference among consumers enables plethora consumer to coexist constant population densities with only one or handful resource species. This facilitated resistant stochasticity, either stochastic simulation algorithm individual-based modeling. Our naturally explains classical experiments invalidate CEP, quantitatively illustrates universal S-shaped pattern rank-abundance curves across wide range ecological communities, can be broadly used resolve mystery natural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Thermoregulation of understory birds in lowland Amazonia

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(9)

Published: May 15, 2024

Understanding the capacity for thermoregulation is critical predicting organismal vulnerability to climate change, especially in lowland tropical rainforests, where warming conditions combine with high humidity and limited elevational or latitudinal refugia. Here, I focused on nine species of ground‐foraging insectivorous birds genus Myrmoderus , Myrmornis Hylopezus Myrmothera Formicarius Sclerurus – sensitive forest specialists characterized by recently documented population declines both disturbed undisturbed forests. Using high‐resolution data from loggers deployed their environment, examined whether how used ambient water provided cooling opportunities. Variation rate temperature change over diel cycle suggested that all employed behavioral physiological thermoregulation, but some patterns differed species' phylogenetic relatedness. All warmed hours before environment at sunrise, then experienced lower increases midday relative thermal flux. These morning periods peaked around sunrise rufigularis constituted maxima five species. Six exhibited pronounced oscillations consistent regular bathing sunset, possibly thermoregulatory other purposes. This oscillation was most prominent feature flux three and, a lesser extent, ferrugineus torquata campanisona . Local rainfall reduced temperatures, stronger wet season higher intensity. However, rain‐induced events were markedly absent spp. results highlight fundamental role avian suggest terrestrial insectivores attempt maintain homeostasis throughout cycle. The observed behaviors potentially aspect regimes are profoundly altered disturbance, combination.

Language: Английский

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Interspecific competition shapes bird species' distributions along tropical precipitation gradients

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(8)

Published: July 31, 2024

Abstract The hypothesis that species' ranges are limited by interspecific competition has motivated decades of debate, but a general answer remains elusive. Here we test this for lowland tropical birds examining precipitation niche breadths. We focus on because it—not temperature—is the dominant climate variable shapes biota tropics. used 3.6 million fine‐scale citizen science records from eBird to measure breadths in 19 different regions across globe. Consistent with predictions hypothesis, multiple lines evidence show species have narrower niches more species. This means inhabit specialized species‐rich regions. predict specialization should make high diversity disproportionately vulnerable changes regimes; preliminary empirical is consistent prediction.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies the paradox of plankton: many species plankton feeding on limited type resources coexist, apparently flouting competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that number predator (consumer) cannot exceed at steady state. Here, we present mechanistic model and show intraspecific interference among consumers enables plethora consumer to coexist constant population densities with only one or handful resource species. The facilitated resistant stochasticity, either stochastic simulation algorithm individual-based modeling. Our naturally explains classical experiments invalidate CEP, quantitatively illustrates universal S-shaped pattern rank-abundance curves across wide range ecological communities, can be broadly used resolve mystery natural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies the paradox of plankton: many species plankton feeding on limited variety resources coexist, apparently flouting competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that number predator (consumer) cannot exceed at steady state. Here, we present mechanistic model and demonstrate intraspecific interference among consumers enables plethora consumer to coexist constant population densities with only one or handful resource species. This facilitated resistant stochasticity, either stochastic simulation algorithm individual-based modeling. Our naturally explains classical experiments invalidate CEP, quantitatively illustrates universal S-shaped pattern rank-abundance curves across wide range ecological communities, can be broadly used resolve mystery natural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies the paradox of plankton: many species plankton feeding on limited variety resources coexist, apparently flouting competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that number predator (consumer) cannot exceed at steady state. Here, we present mechanistic model and demonstrate intraspecific interference among consumers enables plethora consumer to coexist constant population densities with only one or handful resource species. This facilitated resistant stochasticity, either stochastic simulation algorithm individual-based modeling. Our naturally explains classical experiments invalidate CEP, quantitatively illustrates universal S-shaped pattern rank-abundance curves across wide range ecological communities, can be broadly used resolve mystery natural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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eLife assessment: Intraspecific predator interference promotes biodiversity in ecosystems

Published: Aug. 5, 2024

Explaining biodiversity is a fundamental issue in ecology. A long-standing puzzle lies the paradox of plankton: many species plankton feeding on limited variety resources coexist, apparently flouting competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which holds that number predator (consumer) cannot exceed at steady state. Here, we present mechanistic model and demonstrate intraspecific interference among consumers enables plethora consumer to coexist constant population densities with only one or handful resource species. This facilitated resistant stochasticity, either stochastic simulation algorithm individual-based modeling. Our naturally explains classical experiments invalidate CEP, quantitatively illustrates universal S-shaped pattern rank-abundance curves across wide range ecological communities, can be broadly used resolve mystery natural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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