An assessment of environmental impacts in mining areas of Paschim Bardhhaman district, West Bengal, India

Discover Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: May 9, 2024

Abstract Mining is the most significant economic action in Paschim Bardhaman district of West Bengal, India. Simultaneously, it has an enormous figure negative influences on natural, environmental, ecological, and social environment. The land use cover (LULC) alteration, coal mining effect (open-cast) LULC, local environmental are deliberated. Bardhhaman’s LULC area examined for period 30 years i.e., since year like 1991 to 2021. Furthermore, alteration examination spatial–temporal dynamics quantification also Analysis discloses that water body marginally increased from 0.64% 0.96% 0.00% (1991) 8.97% (2021) respectively. Instead, vegetation decreased 40.17% 31.20% continuously. Similarly, settlement 5.02% 13.77% 2021 Agricultural progressively 44.47% 39.73% Raniganj Coalfield area, Eastern Limited (ECL), Coal India (CIL) triggers open cast mining. Land surface temperature (LST) by 7.96 ˚C (summer) 10.24 (winter) between years. LST, limitations substantial factors universally changing climate investigations. Thermal infrared remote sensing demonstrated its competence observing moving micro-climate urban regions. outcomes indicate outside self-heating surfaces (hotspots) likewise shows

Language: Английский

---

A cautionary message on combining physiological thermal limits with macroclimatic data to predict species distribution

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Macroclimatic data are widely used to estimate the realized environmental niche of species and predict current or future spatial distribution species. Because is a subset fundamental niche—constrained by biotic interactions dispersal limitations—proxies (e.g., thermal limits obtained from physiological experiments) sometimes combined with macroclimatic under assumption that areas predicted as unsuitable perspective may belong species' niche. However, it unclear whether this valid can be data. Here, we explored these questions using available measured for 151 ectotherms. Specifically, larger than observed (realized) data, what would effect considering in addition predictions. Our results confirm previously raised concerns, delimit narrower range tolerance niche, particularly at cold end gradient where adaptive and/or facilitative mechanisms could allow survive temperatures below limits. These findings show combining on dubious predictions should interpreted caution because do not fit well capture conditions organisms experience wild. While estimated likely value complement studies, they more useful biophysical models account additional processes including animal's behavior.

Language: Английский

---

Seasonal optimisation of drone‐based photogrammetry in a heterogeneous boreal landscape

Applied Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(3)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Aims Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAV), or drones, have become more affordable and easier to use, resulting in increased UAV applications ecology conservation. However, solar illumination, vegetation phenology prevailing weather conditions will impact the quality of derived products differing degrees. In this study, we investigate how seasonal differences tree foliage accuracy digital elevation models (DEM) canopy height (CHM) a heterogeneous boreal landscape. Methods We compared DEMs CHMs from drone photogrammetry with produced drone‐mounted laser scanner across three seasons different during leaf‐off leaf‐on seasons. Photogrammetric were evaluated land‐cover classes consisting open areas, sparse‐forest forest. The most accurate CHM for was summer under overcast conditions, whereas forest class, clear skies best. Results Structure motion (SfM) performed well against LiDAR survey cases correlations between sampled points up R 2 = 0.995. Root mean square errors (RMSEs) <1.5 m all as low 0.31 autumn clear‐sky data over terrain. RMSEs somewhat higher except winter when RMSE reached 6.03 m. Conclusions shown that SfM is surprisingly robust variations type, weather, performs comparison reference set. Our results show that, forests, preferred season DEM generation classes, modelling small trade‐off types. These can help potential users forestry plan missions review products.

Language: Английский

---

Potential migration pathways of broadleaved trees across the receding boreal biome under future climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract Climate change has triggered poleward expansions in the distributions of various taxonomic groups, including tree species. Given ecological significance trees as keystone species forests and their socio‐economic importance, projecting potential future is crucial for devising effective adaptation strategies both biomass production biodiversity conservation forest ecosystems. Here, we fitted physiographically informed habitat suitability models (HSMs) at 50‐m resolution across Sweden (55–68° N) to estimate northward expansion seven broadleaved within leading‐edge Europe under different climate scenarios time periods. Overall, observed that minimum temperature was most variable comprehending spatial distribution cold limits. Our HSMs projected a complex range pattern 2100, with individualistic differences among However, frequent rather surprising along east coast followed by narrow migration pathways larger valleys towards edaphically suitable areas north‐west, where studied were predicted expand. The high‐resolution maps generated this study offer valuable insights our understanding shift dynamics leading edge southern they expand into receding boreal biome. These suggest could already be translocated anticipate efforts face change.

Language: Английский

---

Drivers of vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen richness in grasslands along a precipitation gradient (central Apennines, Italy)

Journal of Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(5)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Questions Semi‐natural grasslands in Southern Europe are biodiversity hotspots, yet their patterns of plant species richness less studied than Central Europe. In the Apennines (Italy), there large areas dry calcareous grasslands, across a steep gradient mean annual precipitation (from 650 to 1350 mm within c. 30 km). We asked: How do these compare other Palaearctic levels? and environmental predictors influence richness? Does this differ among taxonomic groups? Location Submontane lower‐montane belt (Abruzzo Lazio, Italy). Methods recorded vascular plants (terricolous) bryophytes lichens 97 plots 10 m 2 , aligning them with while maintaining geological substrate elevation similar. Mean temperature were estimated high‐resolution regional model. A wide array variables (including soil properties grazing load) measured for each plot. Multivariate relationships between response predictor Canonical Correlation. The relative importance on was modeled Boosted Regression Trees. Results sampled very species‐rich context. Vascular negatively influenced by topographic heat load sand content, but we did not detect relationship precipitation. Bryophyte poorly variables, although it positively correlated lichen richness. Lichen had marked negative phosphorus Conclusions European semi‐natural mountain is driven more fine‐scale edaphic factors gradients. contrast, bryophyte predicted mixture climatic variables.

Language: Английский

---