Environmental variability can promote parasite diversity within hosts and transmission among hosts DOI Creative Commons
Madeline Jarvis‐Cross, Martin Krkošek

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 7, 2023

Abstract While the mechanisms that govern disease emergence and spread among hosts are increasingly well-described, promote parasite diversity within-hosts, affecting host outcomes spillover potential, have been comparatively understudied. Furthermore, while attention has paid to effects of increasing temperatures on systems, environmental variability left underexplored, despite rising climatic variability. To investigate impacts we analyzed a model within-host population dynamics wherein two parasites indirectly compete through host’s immune response. We simulated under constant, demographically stochastic, environmentally stochastic conditions, analysed viability longevity non-equilibrium co-occurrence. found stochasticity increased co-occurrence, suggesting thermal arising from change as physiological trait may within ectotherms help explain bats’ propensity support diverse communities parasites. Further, certain transmissibility co-occurring can surpass single parasites, increase

Language: Английский

Coexistence Theory for Microbial Ecology, and Vice Versa DOI Creative Commons
James Orr, David Armitage, Andrew D. Letten

et al.

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Classical models from theoretical ecology are seeing increasing uptake in microbial ecology, but there remains rich potential for closer cross‐pollination. Here we explore opportunities stronger integration of ecological theory into research (and vice versa) through the lens so‐called “modern” coexistence theory. Coexistence can be used to disentangle contributions different mechanisms (e.g., resource partitioning, environmental variability) make species coexistence. We begin with a short primer on fundamental concepts theory, an emphasis relevance communities. next present systematic review, which highlights paucity empirical applications systems. In light this gap, then identify and discuss ways which: (i) help answer applied questions particularly spatio‐temporally heterogeneous environments, (ii) experimental systems leveraged validate advance Finally, address several unique often surmountable challenges posed by systems, as well some conceptual limitations. Nevertheless, thoughtful presents wealth advancement both ecology.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Environmental variability can prolong parasite co-occurrence within hosts and promote transmission among hosts DOI
Madeline Jarvis‐Cross, Martin Krkošek

Theoretical Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: April 7, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Multitrophic assembly influences β‐diversity across a tripartite system of flowering plants, bees, and bee‐gut microbiomes DOI Creative Commons
Magda Argueta‐Guzmán, Quinn S. McFrederick, Marko J. Spasojevic

et al.

Ecography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Theoretical frameworks of terrestrial community assembly often focus on single trophic levels (e.g. plants) without considering how complex interdependencies across different influence mechanisms. Yet, when multiple are considered plant–pollinator, plant–microbe interactions) the is typically network analyses at local spatial scales. As variation in biodiversity (β‐diversity) increasingly being recognized for its relevance understanding and conservation, β‐diversity one level may be influenced by processes that alter abundance composition interacting communities a (multitrophic dependency) critical. Here, we build to explore affecting multitrophic comprising flowering plants, their bee pollinators, corresponding bee‐gut microbiota better understand importance dependency assembly. Using distance‐based redundancy analysis partitioning, investigated three interconnected two ecological regions southern California: Santa Monica Mountains islands Channel Island Archipelago. We found deterministic effects stronger directly connected than indirectly (i.e. flowers explain bees bacteria communities, but weakly communities). also notable regional variation, where was weaker Islands as drift more pronounced. Our results suggest integrating important elucidating drivers can determined context which measured. Taken together, our highlight multiscale perspectives – both multiregional fully elucidate processes.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Environmental variability can promote parasite diversity within hosts and transmission among hosts DOI Creative Commons
Madeline Jarvis‐Cross, Martin Krkošek

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 7, 2023

Abstract While the mechanisms that govern disease emergence and spread among hosts are increasingly well-described, promote parasite diversity within-hosts, affecting host outcomes spillover potential, have been comparatively understudied. Furthermore, while attention has paid to effects of increasing temperatures on systems, environmental variability left underexplored, despite rising climatic variability. To investigate impacts we analyzed a model within-host population dynamics wherein two parasites indirectly compete through host’s immune response. We simulated under constant, demographically stochastic, environmentally stochastic conditions, analysed viability longevity non-equilibrium co-occurrence. found stochasticity increased co-occurrence, suggesting thermal arising from change as physiological trait may within ectotherms help explain bats’ propensity support diverse communities parasites. Further, certain transmissibility co-occurring can surpass single parasites, increase

Language: Английский

Citations

0