Blood–brain barrier disruption and sustained systemic inflammation in individuals with long COVID-associated cognitive impairment

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 421 - 432

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Vascular disruption has been implicated in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and may predispose to the neurological sequelae associated with long COVID, yet it is unclear how blood–brain barrier (BBB) function affected these conditions. Here we show that BBB evident during acute infection patients COVID cognitive impairment, commonly referred as brain fog. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, COVID-associated Transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed dysregulation coagulation system a dampened adaptive immune response individuals Accordingly, showed increased adhesion human endothelial vitro, while exposure serum from induced expression inflammatory markers. Together, our data suggest sustained systemic inflammation persistent localized dysfunction key feature

Language: Английский

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Myopathy as a cause of fatigue in long‐term post‐COVID‐19 symptoms: Evidence of skeletal muscle histopathology

European Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2832 - 2841

Published: June 6, 2022

Abstract Background and purpose Among post‐COVID‐19 symptoms, fatigue is reported as one of the most common, even after mild acute infection, cause fatigue, myopathy diagnosed by electromyography has been proposed in previous reports. This study aimed to explore histopathological changes patients with fatigue. Methods Sixteen (mean age = 46 years) complaints myalgia, or weakness persisting for up 14 months were included. In all patients, quantitative muscle biopsies analyzed light electron microscopy taken. Results Muscle was present 50% myopathic 75%, there histological changes. fiber atrophy found 38%, 56% showed indications regeneration. Mitochondrial changes, comprising loss cytochrome c oxidase activity, subsarcollemmal accumulation, and/or abnormal cristae, 62%. Inflammation 62%, seen T lymphocytes human leukocyte antigen ABC expression. capillaries affected, involving basal lamina cells. two uncommon amounts found, not only surrounding fibers but also around nerves capillaries. Conclusions The wide variety this suggests that skeletal muscles may be a major target SARS‐CoV‐2, causing muscular symptoms. mitochondrial inflammation, capillary injury can part due reduced energy supply. Because had mild–moderate affection, new variants might less severe disease could still have ability long‐term myopathy.

Language: Английский

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Neurological outcomes 1 year after COVID‐19 diagnosis: A prospective longitudinal cohort study

European Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1685 - 1696

Published: March 3, 2022

Neurological sequelae from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may persist after recovery acute infection. Here, the aim was to describe natural history of neurological manifestations over 1 year COVID-19.A prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study in COVID-19 survivors performed. At a 3-month and 1-year follow-up, patients were assessed for impairments by examination standardized test battery including assessment hyposmia (16-item Sniffin' Sticks test), cognitive deficits (Montreal Cognitive Assessment < 26) mental health (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5).Eighty-one evaluated COVID-19, out which 76 (94%) completed follow-up. Patients 54 (47-64) years old 59% male. New persistent disorders found 15% (3 months) 12% (10/81; year). Symptoms at follow-up reported 48/81 (59%) patients, fatigue (38%), concentration difficulties (25%), forgetfulness sleep disturbances (22%), myalgia (17%), limb weakness headache (16%), impaired sensation (16%) (15%). revealed findings 52/81 (64%) without improvement time months, 61%, p = 0.230) objective (Sniffin' <13; 51%). apparent 18%, whereas signs depression, anxiety post-traumatic stress 6%, 29% 10% respectively These had not improved (all > 0.05).Our data indicate that significant patient number still suffer neuropsychiatric symptoms calling interdisciplinary management these patients.

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID: A comprehensive review

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(2), P. 84 - 93

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Although some patients have persistent symptoms or develop new following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, neuropsychiatric aspects of long COVID are not well known. This review summarizes and provides an update on the dimensions COVID. Its manifestations commonly include fatigue, cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder. There no specific tests for COVID, but characteristic findings such as hypometabolism positron emission tomography been reported. The possible mechanisms inflammation, ischemic effects, direct viral invasion, social environmental changes. Some patient characteristics severity complications acute COVID-19 infection may be associated with increased risk symptoms. Long resolve spontaneously persist, depending type established treatments lacking, various psychological pharmacological attempted. Vaccination against plays a key role in prevention disease. With differences among SARS-CoV-2 variants, including omicron variant, likely to change future. Further studies clarifying effective warranted.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome: a major health-care burden

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 379 - 395

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Post COVID-19 syndrome, also known as "Long COVID," is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects individuals who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic review meta-analysis aim to comprehensively assess the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, sleep disorder in coping with syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Neurology International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 821 - 841

Published: July 6, 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA coronavirus, causes an illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term complications are increasing issue in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 and may be result of viral-associated systemic central nervous system inflammation or arise from virus-induced hypercoagulable state. incite changes brain function wide range lingering symptoms. Patients often experience fatigue note fog, sensorimotor symptoms, sleep disturbances. Prolonged neurological neuropsychiatric symptoms prevalent can interfere substantially everyday life, leading to massive public health concern. The mechanistic pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae important subject ongoing research. Inflammation- induced blood-brain barrier permeability viral neuro-invasion direct nerve damage involved. Though the mechanisms uncertain, resulting documented numerous patient reports studies. This review examines constellation spectrum seen long COVID incorporates information on prevalence these contributing factors, typical course. Although treatment options generally lacking, potential therapeutic approaches for alleviating improving quality life explored.

Language: Английский

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Associations of subjective and objective cognitive functioning after COVID-19: A six-month follow-up of ICU, ward, and home-isolated patients

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 100587 - 100587

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Subjective and objective cognitive dysfunction are reported after COVID-19 but with limited data on their congruence associations the severity of acute disease. The aim this cohort study is to describe prevalence subjective at three six months symptoms psychological disease-related factors.We assessed a 184 patients COVID-19: 82 admitted Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 53 regular hospital wards, 49 isolated home. A non-COVID control group individuals was included. Demographic clinical were collected. symptoms, impairment, depressive post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) assessed.At months, impairment by 32.3% ICU-treated, 37.3% ward-treated, 33.3% home-isolated observed in 36.1% 34.7% 8.9% patients. associated PTSD female sex, not assessment or metrics.One-third patients, regardless disease severity, high levels which results from screening demographic factors. Our stresses importance thorough reporting long-term for underlying mental health related factors such as depression.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: Clinical Framing, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 334 - 334

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

More than two years after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers are facing an emergency within emergency, so-called long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Patients diagnosed with PCS develop extended range persistent symptoms and/or complications from COVID-19. The risk factors and clinical manifestations many various. Advanced age, sex/gender, pre-existing conditions certainly influence pathogenesis course this syndrome. However, absence precise diagnostic prognostic biomarkers may further complicate management patients. This review aimed to summarize recent evidence on influencing PCS, possible biomarkers, therapeutic approaches. Older patients recovered approximately one month earlier younger patients, higher rates symptoms. Fatigue during acute phase appears be important factor for symptom persistence. Female sex, older active smoking associated a developing PCS. incidence cognitive decline death in controls. Complementary alternative medicine improvement symptoms, particularly fatigue. heterogeneous nature post-COVID complexity who often polytreated due concomitant conditions, suggest holistic integrated approach provide useful guidance treatment overall COVID.

Language: Английский

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Pooled Prevalence of Long COVID-19 Symptoms at 12 Months and Above Follow-Up Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cureus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2023

Current data suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors experience long-lasting problems. It is not yet understood how long these symptoms last. The goal of this study was to compile all the currently available evaluate COVID-19's long-term effects at 12 months and above. We looked for studies published by December 15, 2022, in PubMed Embase discussed follow-up findings COVID-19 who had been alive least a year. A random-effect model carried out determine combined prevalence different long-COVID symptoms. Joanna Briggs Institute tool used assess risk bias included studies, I2 statistics were heterogeneity. After reviewing 3,209 46 deemed admissible, with an aggregate population 17976. At above, 57% patients reported minimum one symptom, five most prevalent were: dyspnea on exertion (34%, 95% CI 0.2; 0.94); difficulty concentration (32%, 0.16; 0.52); fatigue (31%, 0.22; 0.40); frailty 0.06; 0.78); arthromyalgia (28%, 0.09; 0.6). present showed beyond, sizable fraction still have lasting impair several body systems. Long-COVID require urgent understanding pathophysiological processes development tailored treatments.

Language: Английский

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