Climate change, adaptation, and phenotypic plasticity: the problem and the evidence

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 1 - 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

Abstract Many studies have recorded phenotypic changes in natural populations and attributed them to climate change. However, controversy uncertainty has arisen around three levels of inference such studies. First, it proven difficult conclusively distinguish whether are genetically based or the result plasticity. Second, not change is adaptive usually assumed rather than tested. Third, inferences that specific causal agent rarely involved testing – exclusion other potential drivers. We here review various ways which above been attempted, evaluate strength support each approach can provide. This methodological assessment sets stage for 11 accompanying articles attempt comprehensive syntheses what currently known about responses a variety taxa theory. Summarizing relying on results these reviews, we arrive at conclusion evidence genetic adaptation found some systems, but still relatively scarce. Most importantly, clear more needed must employ better inferential methods before general conclusions be drawn. Overall, hope present paper special issue provide inspiration future research guidelines best practices its execution.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Plastic Pollution on Ecosystem Services, Sustainable Development Goals, and Need to Focus on Circular Economy and Policy Interventions

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 9963 - 9963

Published: Sept. 6, 2021

Plastic pollution is ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. waste exposed to the environment creates problems of significant concern for all life forms. production accumulation natural are occurring at an unprecedented rate due indiscriminate use, inadequate recycling, deposits landfills. In 2019, global plastic was 370 million tons, with only 9% it being recycled, 12% incinerated, remaining left or The leakage wastes into ecosystems rate. management a challenging problem researchers, policymakers, citizens, other stakeholders. Therefore, here, we summarize current understanding concerns plastics (microplastics nanoplastics) on overall goal this review provide background assessment adverse effects ecosystems; interlink sustainable development goals; address policy initiatives under transdisciplinary approaches through cycle assessment, circular economy, sustainability; identify knowledge gaps; recommendations. community involvement socio-economic inputs different countries presented discussed. ban policies public awareness likely major mitigation interventions. need circularity assess potential environmental impacts resources used throughout product’s span emphasized. Innovations needed reduce, reuse, recycle, recover find eco-friendly replacements plastics. Empowering educating communities citizens act collectively minimize use alternative options must be promoted enforced. that addressed utmost priority.

Language: Английский

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Plastic and evolutionary responses to climate change in fish

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 68 - 87

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

Abstract The physical and ecological ‘fingerprints’ of anthropogenic climate change over the past century are now well documented in many environments taxa. We reviewed evidence for phenotypic responses to recent fish. Changes timing migration reproduction, age at maturity, juvenile migration, growth, survival fecundity were associated primarily with changes temperature. Although these traits can evolve rapidly, only two studies attributed formally evolutionary mechanisms. correlation‐based methods most frequently employed point largely ‘fine‐grained’ population environmental variability (i.e. rapid relative generation time), consistent plastic Ultimately, species will likely adapt long‐term warming trends overlaid on natural oscillations. Considering strong plasticity all studied, we recommend development expanded use capable detecting change, such as long term study selection coefficients temporal shifts reaction norms, increased attention forecasting adaptive response synergistic interactions multiple pressures be change.

Language: Английский

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The Biology of Lakes and Ponds

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 19, 2017

Abstract The Biology of Lakes and Ponds focuses on the interactions between abiotic frame, such as turbulence, temperature, pH nutrients, organisms, including with among organisms at individual, population community level. book fills this niche traditional limnology evolutionary ecology by focusing physiological, morphological behavioural adaptations to biotic factors how processes constraints determine structure dynamics lake pond systems. In addition, describes analyses causes consequences human activities freshwater ecosystems covers longstanding environmental threats, eutrophication acidification, well novel biodiversity loss, use everyday chemicals global climate change. However, also signs improvement possibilities restore degraded are discussed provide hope for future generations.

Language: Английский

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The interaction between cyanobacteria and zooplankton in a more eutrophic world

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 54, P. 128 - 144

Published: April 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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Contribution of plastic and microplastic to global climate change and their conjoining impacts on the environment - A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 875, P. 162627 - 162627

Published: March 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effects of water temperature on freshwater macroinvertebrates: a systematic review

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 98(1), P. 191 - 221

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

ABSTRACT Water temperature is one of the main abiotic factors affecting structure and functioning aquatic ecosystems its alteration can have important effects on biological communities. Macroinvertebrates are excellent bio‐indicators been used for decades to assess status as a result environmental stresses; however, their responses poorly documented not systematically evaluated. The aims this review are: ( i ) collate summarize freshwater macroinvertebrates different conditions, comparing results experimental theoretical studies; ii understand how focus research has changed during last 51 years; iii identify gaps regarding responses, ecosystem types, organism groups, spatiotemporal scales, geographical regions suggest possible directions. We performed comparative assessment 223 publications that specifically consider address temperature. Short‐term studies in laboratory focusing insects exposed range temperatures dominated. Field were carried out mainly Europe, at catchment scale almost exclusively rivers; they investigated water thermal regime community scale. most frequent tested growth rate, fecundity time length emergence, whereas ecological involved composition, richness, distribution. Thermal undergone shift since 2000s when involving extended scales investigating global warming first appeared. In addition, recent considered genetic evolutionary scales. Our revealed manifold with implications levels, from genes However, community‐level physiological, phenological fitness individuals or populations should be studied more detail given macroecological likely enhanced by climate warming. field regional air proxy temperature; obtaining accurate data future will allow proper consideration spatial heterogeneity bodies any macroinvertebrate distribution patterns. Finally, we found an uneven number across geographic areas, lentic outside West underrepresented. It also crucial include high‐altitude tropical areas work because these groups vulnerable multiple reasons. Further temperature–macroinvertebrate relationships needed fill current facilitate appropriate conservation strategies anthropogenic‐driven era.

Language: Английский

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Adaptive phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation for temperature tolerance in freshwater zooplankton

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 281(1776), P. 20132744 - 20132744

Published: Dec. 18, 2013

Many organisms have geographical distributions extending from the tropics to near polar regions or can experience up 30°C temperature variation within lifespan of an individual. Two forms evolutionary adaptation such wide ranges in ambient temperatures are frequently discussed: local and phenotypic plasticity. The freshwater planktonic crustacean Daphnia magna, whose range extends South Africa arctic sites, shows strong genotypic response temperature. In this study, we use D. magna clones 22 populations (one clone per population) ranging latitude 0° (Kenya) 66° North (White Sea) explore contributions plasticity high tolerance. Temperature tolerance was studied as knockout time (time until immobilization, T imm ) at 37°C acclimatized either 20°C 28°C. Acclimatization 28°C strongly increased , testifying adaptive At same time, significantly correlated with average clones’ sites origin, suggesting adaptation. As earlier studies found that haemoglobin expression contributes tolerance, also quantified concentration experimental animals both acclimatization (AccT) site origin positively concentration. Furthermore, warmer climates upregulate much more AccT, for expression. Our results show contribute elucidate a possible role mediating these effects differs along cold–warm gradient.

Language: Английский

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Salinized rivers: degraded systems or new habitats for salt-tolerant faunas?

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 20151072 - 20151072

Published: March 1, 2016

Anthropogenic salinization of rivers is an emerging issue global concern, with significant adverse effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Impacts freshwater biota are strongly mediated by evolutionary history, as this a major factor determining species physiological salinity tolerance. Freshwater insects dominate most flowing waters, the common lotic insect orders Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies) Trichoptera (caddisflies) particularly salt-sensitive. Tolerances existing taxa, rapid adaption, colonization novel taxa (from naturally saline environments) interactions between will be key drivers assemblages in systems. Here we outline conceptual framework predicting how communities may change salinizing rivers. We envision that relatively small number saline-tolerant able to colonize salinized (e.g. habitats lentic; thus potential colonizers would need adapt environments), leading depauperate these environments.

Language: Английский

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The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity in Flowing Freshwater Systems

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 111 - 133

Published: July 31, 2017

Ongoing increases in air temperature and changing precipitation patterns are altering water temperatures flow regimes lotic freshwater systems, these changes expected to continue the coming century. Freshwater taxa responding at all levels of biological organization. The generation appropriate hydrologic projections is critical accurately predict impacts climate change on systems decade. goal this review provide an overview how affect processes climate-induced habitat can impact life histories traits individuals, distributions populations biodiversity. Projections responses during century will depend representing spatially varying sensitivity physical climate, as well acknowledging environmental conditions.

Language: Английский

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