Genetic mixing for population management: From genetic rescue to provenancing

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 634 - 652

Published: Oct. 24, 2020

Abstract Animal and plant species around the world are being challenged by deleterious effects of inbreeding, loss genetic diversity, maladaptation due to widespread habitat destruction rapid climate change. In many cases, interventions will likely be needed safeguard populations maintain functioning ecosystems. Strategies aimed at initiating, reinstating, or enhancing patterns gene flow via deliberate movement genotypes environment generating growing interest with broad applications in conservation environmental management. These diverse strategies go various names ranging from evolutionary rescue provenancing resurrection. Our aim here is provide some clarification terminology how these connected linked underlying processes. We draw on case studies literature outline mechanisms that underlie increase fitness impact wider community. argue understanding leading decline community a key successful implementation strategies. emphasize need consider nature source recipient populations, as well associated risks trade‐offs for This overview highlights where have potential population, species, ecosystem scales, but also they should probably not attempted depending overall aims intervention. advocate an approach short‐ long‐term integrated into decision framework considers nongenetic aspects

Language: Английский

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Genomic insights into local adaptation and future climate-induced vulnerability of a keystone forest tree in East Asia

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Abstract Rapid global climate change is posing a substantial threat to biodiversity. The assessment of population vulnerability and adaptive capacity under crucial for informing conservation mitigation strategies. Here we generate chromosome-scale genome assembly re-sequence genomes 230 individuals collected from 24 populations Populus koreana , pioneer keystone tree species in temperate forests East Asia. We integrate genomics environmental variables reveal set climate-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, insertion/deletions structural variations, especially numerous non-coding variants distributed across the genome. incorporate these into an modeling scheme predict highly spatiotemporal shift this response future change. further identify most vulnerable that need priority many candidate genes may be useful forest breeding with special aims. Our findings highlight importance integrating genomic data key rapid future.

Language: Английский

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Forest genomics: Advancing climate adaptation, forest health, productivity, and conservation

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 3 - 10

Published: Dec. 12, 2019

Abstract Forest ecosystems provide important ecological services and resources, from habitat for biodiversity to the production of environmentally friendly products, play a key role in global carbon cycle. Humanity is counting on forests sequester store substantial portion anthropogenic dioxide produced globally. However, unprecedented rate climate change, deforestation, accidental importation invasive insects diseases are threatening health productivity forests, their capacity these services. Knowledge genetic diversity, local adaptation, control traits required predict adaptive tree populations, inform forest management conservation decisions, improve breeding productive trees that will withstand challenges 21st century. Genomic approaches have well accelerated generation knowledge evolutionary underpinnings nonmodel species, advanced applications address challenges. This special issue Evolutionary Applications features 14 papers demonstrate value wide range genomic can be used better understand biology trees, including species widespread managed timber production, others threatened or endangered, serve roles. We highlight some major advances, ranging understanding evolution genomes since period when gymnosperms separated angiosperms 300 million years ago using selection accelerate productivity. also discuss future directions applying tools long‐standing questions about trees.

Language: Английский

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Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 21, 2020

Studying the genetics of adaptation to new environments in ecologically and industrially important tree species is currently a major research line fields plant science genetic improvement for tolerance abiotic stress. Exploring genomic basis local imperative assessing conditions under which trees will successfully adapt situ global climate change. However, this knowledge has scarcely been used conservation forest because woody perennials face limitations such as their outcrossing reproductive systems, long juvenile phase, huge genome sizes. Therefore, review we discuss predictive approaches that promise increasing selection accuracy shortening generation intervals. They may also assist detection novel allelic variants from germplasm, disclose potential different environments. For instance, natural populations allow using tools population genomics field study signatures adaptation. Conventional markers whole sequencing both help identifying genes diverge between more than expected neutrality, exhibit unique diversity indicative 'selective sweeps'. Ultimately, these efforts inform breeding status capable pivoting health, ecosystem services, sustainable production. Key long-term perspectives include understanding how trees' phylogeographic history affect adaptive relevant variation available environmental Encouraging 'big data' (machine learning –ML) comprehensively merging heterogeneous ecological datasets becomes imperative, too.

Language: Английский

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Demographic History and Natural Selection Shape Patterns of Deleterious Mutation Load and Barriers to Introgression across Populus Genome

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Jan. 10, 2022

Hybridization and resulting introgression are important processes shaping the tree of life appear to be far more common than previously thought. However, how genome evolution was shaped by various genetic evolutionary forces after hybridization remains unresolved. Here we used whole-genome resequencing data 227 individuals from multiple widespread Populus species characterize their contemporary patterns quantify genomic signatures past introgression. We observe a high frequency confirm that ambiguous in fact F1 hybrids. Seven were identified, which experienced different demographic histories resulted strikingly varied efficacy selection burdens deleterious mutations. Frequent has been found pervasive feature throughout speciation these species. The retained introgressed regions, generally, tend contain reduced load located regions recombination. also find pairs with substantial differences effective population size, inferred have undergone selective sweeps at greater expected frequencies lower suggesting likely higher potential provide beneficial variation for small populations. Our results, therefore, illustrate demography recombination interplayed both positive negative determining hybridization.

Language: Английский

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Climate change financial disclosure and firm performance: empirical evidence from Indian energy sector based on TCFD recommendations

Society and Business Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 594 - 612

Published: April 5, 2022

Purpose The paper aims to examine the climate change-related disclosure patterns of listed Indian firms and its impact on firm performance. Specifically, it strives analyse conformance selected with recommendations Task Force Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) established by Stability Board G20 nations. Design/methodology/approach study conducts content analysis annual reports and/or sustainability 22 from energy sector for period spanning 2018–2019 2019–2020 based four-fold TCFD, namely, governance, strategy, risk management target metrics, compute overall respective climate-change scores. Further, a panel data regression model is used appraise such performance firms. Findings findings indicate that level in moderate. results establish positive relation between financial indicating can witness improved disclosing more information change. Originality/value This first context evaluate practices TCFD’s trace association shall hence be relevance policymakers diverse stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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The application gap: Genomics for biodiversity and ecosystem service management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 278, P. 109883 - 109883

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

The conservation of biodiversity from the genetic to community levels is fundamental for continual provision ecosystem services (ES), benefits that ecosystems provide people. Genetic and genomic diversity enhance resilience populations communities underpin functions services. We show genomics applications are mostly limited flagship species their ES management underachieved. propose a framework on how can guide sustainable bridge this genomics-ES 'application gap'. review knowledge in single (relatedness, potentially adaptive variants) or interacting (host-microorganism coevolution, hybridization) effective actions. These include population supplementation, assisted migration hybridization promote climate-adapted variants potential, control invasives, delimitation areas, provenancing strategies restoration, managing microbial function solving trade-offs. Genomics-informed actions improved outcomes supported through synergies between scientists managers at local, regional international levels, development standardized workflows, training incorporation local information. Such facilitate implementation policies such as UN 2030 goals EU Biodiversity strategy 2030, support inclusion ambitious new CBD post-2020 Global Framework hybrids.

Language: Английский

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High‐throughput drone‐based remote sensing reliably tracks phenology in thousands of conifer seedlings

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 226(6), P. 1667 - 1681

Published: March 11, 2020

Summary Phenology is an important indicator of environmental variation and climate change impacts on tree responses. In conifers, monitoring phenology photosynthesis through remote sensing has been unreliable, because needle foliage varies little throughout the year. This challenging for modelling ecosystem carbon uptake enhanced breeding (genomic selection) forest health. Here, we demonstrate that drone‐based carotenoid‐sensitive spectral indices, such as Chl/carotenoid index (CCI), can be used to track in conifers by taking advantage close relationship between seasonally changing carotenoid levels photosynthetic activity. Physiological ground measurements, including pigments maximum quantum yield Chl fluorescence, indicated CCI tracked activity better than other vegetation indices 30 white spruce seedlings measured over 1 yr. A machine‐learning approach, using derived from multispectral imagery, was model entire pedigree population (6000 seedlings). high‐throughput phenotyping approach suitable studying physiological status thousands field‐grown at unprecedented speed scale.

Language: Английский

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Predicting Thermal Adaptation by Looking Into Populations’ Genomic Past

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Molecular evolution offers an insightful theory to interpret the genomic consequences of thermal adaptation previous events climate change beyond range shifts. However, disentangling often mixed footprints selective and demographic processes from those due lineage sorting, recombination rate variation constrains is not trivial. Therefore, here we condense current historical population tools study adaptation, outline key developments (genomic-prediction, machine-learning) that might assist their utilization for improving forecasts populations' responses variation. We start by summarizing how recent thermal-driven can be inferred coalescent methods, in turn quantitative genetic suitable multi-trait predictions over a few generations via breeder's equation. later assume enough have passed as display signatures divergent selection variation, describe these reconstructed using genome-wide association scans, or alternatively, may used forward prediction multiple under infinitesimal model. Finally, move deeper time comprehend shifts at evolutionary scale relying on phylogeographic approaches allow reticulate ecological parapatric speciation, end envisioning potential modern machine learning techniques better inform long-term predictions. conclude foreseeing future adaptive requires bridging spatial scales predictive environmental research cohesive such frameworks.

Language: Английский

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Landscape Genomics in Tree Conservation Under a Changing Environment

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Understanding the genetic basis of how species respond to changing environments is essential conservation species. However, molecular mechanisms adaptation remain largely unknown for long-lived tree which always have large population sizes, long generation time, and extensive gene flow. Recent advances in landscape genomics can reveal signals adaptive selection linking variations characteristics therefore created novel insights into strategies. In this review article, we first summarized methods used elucidated advantages disadvantages these methods. We then highlighted newly developed method “Risk Non-adaptedness,” predict offset or genomic vulnerability via allele frequency change under multiple scenarios climate change. Finally, provided prospects concerning our introduced approaches assist policymaking improve existing strategies ongoing global changes.

Language: Английский

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