Getting Back to Nature: Feralization in Animals and Plants

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(12), P. 1137 - 1151

Published: Sept. 3, 2019

HighlightsFeral animals and plants have become ubiquitous worldwide, but their evolution has not been well studied.The process of feralization offers unique important opportunities to study adaptive evolution, often in model systems inhabiting diverse, novel, and/or changing environments.Recent work shows that feral taxa undergo rapid evolutionary changes at loci controlling an array fitness-related traits, including morphology, behavior, development.Gene flow between domesticated wild populations important, context-dependent effects on fitness recipient populations.Legacies domestication are seen many animals. These features can unexpected roles subsequent adaptation (e.g., feral) environments.AbstractFormerly organisms artificially selected genes escape controlled cultivation, is studied. In this review, we examine plant animal through lens, how natural selection, artificial gene shape genomes, fitness. Available evidence a mere reversal domestication. Instead, it shaped by the varied complex histories populations, novel selection pressures. To stimulate further insight outline several future directions. include testing 'domestication genes' act settings, studying brains behaviors animals, comparative analyses taxa. This feasible exciting research with both theoretical practical applications.

Language: Английский

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Quantitative risk assessment of salmon louse-induced mortality of seaward-migrating post-smolt Atlantic salmon

Epidemics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 19 - 33

Published: Dec. 2, 2017

The Norwegian government recently implemented a new management system to regulate salmon farming in Norway, aiming promote environmentally sustainable growth the aquaculture industry. coast has been divided into 13 production zones and volume of salmonid will be regulated based on lice effects wild salmonids. Here we present model for assessing louse-induced mortality seaward-migrating post-smolts Atlantic salmon. quantifies expected infestations migrating post-smolt from 401 rivers draining coastal waters. It is assumed that follow shortest path river outlets high seas, at constant progression rates. During this migration, fish are infested by farm origin according an empirical infestation model. Furthermore, estimated louse infestations. Rivers West Coast Norway were highest risk adverse effects. In comparison, northerly zones, along with southernmost zone, lower risk. After adjusting standing stock biomass, estimates louse-egg output varied factors up 8 between zones. Correlation biomass adjusted densities farmed suggests large-scale density-dependent host-parasite effect major driver rates parasite-induced mortality. sensitive many processes chain events Nevertheless, argue suited assess spatial temporal risks associated farm-origin lice.

Language: Английский

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Environmental problems and regulation in the aquaculture industry. Insights from Norway

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 158 - 163

Published: Aug. 17, 2018

Language: Английский

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Current status and potential of genomic selection to improve selective breeding in the main aquaculture species of International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) member countries

Aquaculture Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 100700 - 100700

Published: May 7, 2021

Selective breeding has been successfully applied to improve profitability and sustainability in numerous aquatic species. Recent developments of high throughput genotyping technology now enable the implementation genomic selection, a method aiming predict value candidates based on their genotype at genome-wide markers. In this review article, we state arts, challenges prospects for application selection aquaculture The particular focus is status several major species International Council Exploration Sea (ICES) member countries: Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, cod, American catfish, Pacific oyster, European sea bass gilthead bream. While potential clear, tailored species-specific applications will be needed maximise its benefit sector.

Language: Английский

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Implications of fisheries‐induced evolution for population recovery: Refocusing the science and refining its communication

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 453 - 464

Published: Nov. 18, 2019

Abstract The argument that sufficiently high fishing mortality (selective or not) can effect genetic change in fished populations has gained considerable traction since the late 1970s. intervening decades have provided compelling experimental and model‐based evidence fisheries‐induced evolution (FIE) cause changes life history, behaviour body shape, given trait heritability, selection intensity time. Fisheries‐induced research also identified inferred negative implications to population recovery sustainable yield, prompting calls for evolutionarily enlightened management reduce probability of FIE mitigate its risks. Sufficient time now elapsed evaluate whether predicted consequences been empirically realized. We find many FIE‐implicated recovered rapidly management‐based targets following cessation overfishing. conclude is generally minor importance when compared with overfishing, magnitude depletion natural mortality. By posing a series questions responses, we illustrate how science advice pertaining human‐induced fishes be strengthened. suggest refocused communication refined to: (a) better integrate within existing stock‐assessment modelling frameworks; (b) pose greater relevance at science:policy interface; (c) concentrate on subset depleted which are likely magnified because their synergistic interactions other correlates yield.

Language: Английский

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Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: April 21, 2021

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food production sectors and has great potential for security livelihoods. However, it generates concerning consequences environment, including chemical biological pollution, disease outbreaks, unsustainable feeds competition coastal space. Recent investigations are focusing on sustainable techniques (e.g., polyculture, offshore facilities) to improve relationship between industry, environment society. This review provides an overview main factors ecological concern within marine finfish aquaculture, their interactions with highlights alternatives that currently in use or development. Adequate environmental monitoring location farms, reduction exploitation wastes chemicals being used crucial ensure growth continuity aquaculture production.

Language: Английский

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Introduction of non‐native fish for aquaculture in China: A systematic review

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 676 - 703

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Abstract Aquaculture, especially of non‐native species and translocated domestic species, is a greatly encouraged way relieving the conflicts between food economic demand resource depletion. We herein summarized introduction history fish for aquacultural use in China, including 105 introduced from abroad 61 domestically across river basins, which has brought great benefits but high ecological risks. Of these, one‐fourth have successfully established wild populations natural waters 15% invaded. presented specific examples seven aquaculture species/taxa three aquarium to explain their outcomes. The notable benefits, complex composition strain selection tilapias, carps sturgeons may together facilitate invasion, result diversity decline, genetic pollution, loss ecosystem service. specifically reviewed invasion cases lakes reservoirs found that western China made by major hydroprojects are hotspots this led disappearance endemic changes original faunal composition. escaped via changed biogeography, resulting assemblage uniqueness causing homogeneity. achieved significant progress completing Aichi Targets improving legal system strengthening conservational actions on controlling species. Further actions, risk assessment management expected healthy outlook industry China.

Language: Английский

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Fasting and its implications for fish welfare in Atlantic salmon aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 1308 - 1332

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract Periods of fasting occur for a multitude reasons in Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Feed withdrawal is widely used prior to transport, parasite treatments, preslaughter and depuration purposes recirculating aquaculture systems. Voluntary coping response when fish have poor health or are exposed farm environments. Owing increased attention animal welfare aquaculture, concerns been raised regarding ethical issues farmed subjected fasting. However, thorough science‐based recommendations feed‐withdrawal regimes lacking. The purpose this review provide synthesis the various causes evaluate their associated implications so that guidelines appropriate practices can be formulated. To interpret impacts, we describe biological responses tolerance limits consider adaptations wild. Fry parr highly sensitive feed withdrawal. post‐smolts adults well‐adapted endure prolonged without experiencing compromised functionality health. Here, short periods operations should therefore not constitute significant concerns. Serious instead with voluntary may continue weeks. We emphasize environmental extremes exceed appetite impairing thresholds must avoided. Additionally, lead chronic stress induce cessation appetite. Diseases parasites impair also mitigated. Fasting here symptom rather than cause welfare.

Language: Английский

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Conservation of teleost fishes: Application of reproductive technologies

Theriogenology Wild, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 100078 - 100078

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Fishes are by far the most species-rich group of vertebrates, with 36,105 species currently recognised, approximately same number as that all non-fish vertebrates combined. Recent decades have witnessed dramatic population declines for many fish species, together a loss in overall biodiversity. Globally, biodiversity is being threatened multitude anthropogenic impacts including overfishing, habitat loss, pollution, aquaculture, river connectivity, climate change and impact alien species. Nowhere world's crisis more acute than freshwater ecosystems. While rivers, lakes wetlands cover less 1% planet's total surface, they home to over half world´s One third fishes now extinction, 80 already extinct. This review covers main drivers declining biodiversity, details remedial strategies aimed at conserving both marine The preservation genetic resources through cryobanking reproductive cells tissues, collectively known germplasm, will be valuable tool conservation With help range emerging technologies, frozen germplasm play key role future situ ex initiatives. ability establish cryo-banks full sperm, oocytes, embryos germ represents powerful use rapid advance next-generation sequencing proliferation such fully sequenced genomes expected result expansion application genomics management populations, instrumental formulating mitigations directed

Language: Английский

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Extensive hybridization following a large escape of domesticated Atlantic salmon in the Northwest Atlantic

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Aug. 3, 2018

Domestication is rife with episodes of interbreeding between cultured and wild populations, potentially challenging adaptive variation in the wild. In Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, number domesticated individuals far exceeds individuals, escape events occur regularly, yet evidence magnitude geographic scale resulting from individual lacking. We screened juvenile salmon using 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms following a single, large aquaculture Northwest report landscape-scale detection hybrid feral (27.1%, 17/18 rivers). Hybrids were reproductively viable, observed at higher frequency smaller populations. Repeated annual sampling this cohort revealed decreases presence offspring over time. These results link previous observations escaped rivers reports population genetic change, demonstrate potential negative consequences escapes net-pen on

Language: Английский

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