Emotional Comorbidities in Epilepsy Result from Seizure-induced Corticosterone Activity DOI Creative Commons
Renaud C. Gom, Antis G. George,

Sydney A. Harris

et al.

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 100678 - 100678

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

People with epilepsy often have psychiatric comorbidities that can significantly impair their quality of life. We previously reported repeated seizure activity persistently alters endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in the amygdala which accounts for comorbid emotional dysregulation rats, however, mechanism by these alterations eCB within epileptic brain occur is unclear. Endocannabinoid influenced corticosterone (CORT) to modulate cognitive and processes a hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis occurs both people nonhuman animal models epilepsy. employed selective pharmacological tools variety approaches including whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, behavioural paradigms biochemical assays kindled adult male Long-Evans rats. aimed determine whether seizures induce hypersecretion CORT role this plays system dysregulation, impaired fear memory, anxiety-like behaviours associated activity. Plasma levels were consistently elevated following over course kindling. Pre-seizure administration synthesis inhibitor metyrapone prevented seizure-induced increase, anandamide downregulation, synaptic alteration induced Moreover, treatment or combined glucocorticoid receptor (GR)/mineralocorticoid (MR) antagonists prior each elicited equally effective preventing chronically altered behaviour memory responses. Inhibiting synthesis, directly blocking effects at GR/MR prevents deleterious changes processing could be option

Language: Английский

Activity of ventral hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons during anxiety DOI Creative Commons

Emmanouela Volitaki,

Thomas Forro, Kaizhen Li

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(6), P. 114295 - 114295

Published: May 25, 2024

Anxiety plays a key role in guiding behavior response to potential threats. is mediated by the activation of pyramidal neurons ventral hippocampus (vH), whose activity controlled GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. However, how different vH interneurons might contribute anxiety-related processes unclear. Here, we investigate parvalbumin (PV)-expressing while mice transition from safe more anxiogenic compartments elevated plus maze (EPM). We find that PV increase their EPM concomitant with dynamic changes interactions between and neurons. By optogenetically inhibiting interneurons, induce an persistent anxiety. Collectively, our results suggest microcircuits may act as trigger for enduring anxiety states.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Nature and nurture: Comparing mouse behavior in classic versus revised anxiety‐like and social behavioral assays in genetically or environmentally defined groups DOI Creative Commons

Janet Ronquillo,

Michael Nguyen,

Linnea Y. Rothi

et al.

Genes Brain & Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(6)

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Widely used rodent anxiety assays like the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) are conflated with rodents' natural preference for dark over light environments or protected spaces. The EPM OFT have been decades but often criticized by behavioral scientists. Years ago, two revised were designed to improve upon "classic" tests excluding possibility avoid escape aversion. 3-D radial arm (3DR) (3Doft) utilize continual motivational conflict better model anxiety; each consist of an space connected ambiguous paths toward uncertain escape. Despite their utility, not caught on. This could be because no study yet has directly compared classic in same animals. To remedy this, we contrasted behavior from a battery (EPM, OFT, 3DR, 3Doft sociability test) mice defined genetically isogenic strain, environmentally postnatal experience. One major motivation this work is inform future studies offering transparent look at individual outcomes on these assays, as there one-size-fits-all assess anxiety-like behavior. Findings suggest that may sufficiently characterize differences across groups, 3DR advantageous investigating more nuanced such those stemming environmental factors. Finally, exposure multiple significantly affected sociability, highlighting concerns designing interpreting batteries tests.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Line- and sex-dependent effects of juvenile stress on contextual fear- and anxiety-related behavior in high- and low-alcohol-preferring mouse lines DOI

Arbaaz A. Mukadam,

Julia A. Chester

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 463, P. 114899 - 114899

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Bridging Species and Disciplines: Incorporating Sociological Frameworks into Animal Models of Addiction DOI Creative Commons
Christopher Fields

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2024

This chapter explores the integration of sociological concepts and frameworks into animal models addictive behaviors, aiming to enhance cross-species validity deepen understanding addiction’s multifaceted biopsychosocial roots. Through an interdisciplinary approach merging sociology behavioral neuroscience, investigation examines how experiences discrimination constrained agency may contribute addiction vulnerability. Specifically, chronic social defeat stress’s impact on drug-seeking behaviors is explored, drawing parallels between rodent human racial battle fatigue resulting from daily microaggressions. The also delves lack autonomy, isolation, perceived loss control due precipitate substance use as a coping mechanism. Additionally, influence hierarchies, bonding patterns, intergenerational epigenetic effects resilience versus susceptibility considered. Current methodologies are critically evaluated, with proposal ecological in experiments better simulate nuanced sociocultural stressors associated risk. Emphasizing urgent need for cross-disciplinary collaborations researchers scientists, advocates incorporation relevant assays. Ultimately, diverse perspectives crucial comprehensively addressing psychosocial neurobiological dynamics underlying across mammalian species developing more effective equitable prevention treatment approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Egocentric neural representation of geometric vertex in the retrosplenial cortex DOI Creative Commons
Kyerl Park, Yoonsoo Yeo, Kisung Shin

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Egocentric neural representations of environmental features, such as edges and vertices, are important for constructing a geometrically detailed egocentric cognitive map goal-directed navigation episodic memory. While like boundary/border cells exist, those that selectively represent vertices egocentrically yet unknown. Here we report granular retrosplenial cortex (RSC) neurons in male mice generate spatial receptive fields exclusively near the geometries during free exploration, termed vertex cells. Their occurred at specific orientation distance relative to heading direction mice, indicating vector coding vertex. Removing physical boundaries defining geometry abolished vertex, strengthened goal-located Our findings suggest by RSC helps construct an guides navigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Emotional Comorbidities in Epilepsy Result from Seizure-induced Corticosterone Activity DOI Creative Commons
Renaud C. Gom, Antis G. George,

Sydney A. Harris

et al.

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 100678 - 100678

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

People with epilepsy often have psychiatric comorbidities that can significantly impair their quality of life. We previously reported repeated seizure activity persistently alters endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling in the amygdala which accounts for comorbid emotional dysregulation rats, however, mechanism by these alterations eCB within epileptic brain occur is unclear. Endocannabinoid influenced corticosterone (CORT) to modulate cognitive and processes a hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis occurs both people nonhuman animal models epilepsy. employed selective pharmacological tools variety approaches including whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, behavioural paradigms biochemical assays kindled adult male Long-Evans rats. aimed determine whether seizures induce hypersecretion CORT role this plays system dysregulation, impaired fear memory, anxiety-like behaviours associated activity. Plasma levels were consistently elevated following over course kindling. Pre-seizure administration synthesis inhibitor metyrapone prevented seizure-induced increase, anandamide downregulation, synaptic alteration induced Moreover, treatment or combined glucocorticoid receptor (GR)/mineralocorticoid (MR) antagonists prior each elicited equally effective preventing chronically altered behaviour memory responses. Inhibiting synthesis, directly blocking effects at GR/MR prevents deleterious changes processing could be option

Language: Английский

Citations

0