The global tree restoration potential

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 365(6448), P. 76 - 79

Published: July 4, 2019

The restoration of trees remains among the most effective strategies for climate change mitigation. We mapped global potential tree coverage to show that 4.4 billion hectares canopy cover could exist under current climate. Excluding existing and agricultural urban areas, we found there is room an extra 0.9 cover, which store 205 gigatonnes carbon in areas would naturally support woodlands forests. This highlights as our solution date. However, will alter this coverage. estimate if cannot deviate from trajectory, may shrink by ~223 million 2050, with vast majority losses occurring tropics. Our results highlight opportunity mitigation through but also urgent need action.

Language: Английский

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Remote sensing for agricultural applications: A meta-review

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 236, P. 111402 - 111402

Published: Nov. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Future urban land expansion and implications for global croplands

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 114(34), P. 8939 - 8944

Published: Dec. 27, 2016

Urban expansion often occurs on croplands. However, there is little scientific understanding of how global patterns future urban will affect the world's cultivated areas. Here, we combine spatially explicit projections with datasets croplands and crop yields. Our results show that result in a 1.8-2.4% loss by 2030, substantial regional disparities. About 80% cropland from take place Asia Africa. In both Africa, much be lost more than twice as productive national averages. experience highest absolute cropland, whereas African countries percentage cropland. Globally, are likely to were responsible for 3-4% worldwide production 2000. expected 1.77 times average. The accompanied other sustainability risks threatens livelihoods, diverging characteristics different megaurban regions. Governance area thus emerges key securing livelihoods agrarian economies Global South.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic land use estimates for the Holocene – HYDE 3.2

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 927 - 953

Published: Dec. 1, 2017

Abstract. This paper presents an update and extension of HYDE, the History Database Global Environment (HYDE version 3.2). HYDE is internally consistent combination historical population estimates allocation algorithms with time-dependent weighting maps for land use. Categories include cropland, new distinctions irrigated rain-fed crops (other than rice) rice. Grazing lands are also provided, divided into more intensively used pasture less rangeland, further specified respect to conversion natural vegetation facilitate global change modellers. Population represented by total, urban, rural population, density built-up area. The period covered 10 000 before Common Era (BCE) 2015 (CE). All data can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-25g-gez3. We estimate that increased 4.4 million people (we a lower range < 0.01 upper 8.9 million) in BCE 7.257 billion CE, resulting increase 0.03 persons (or capita, short cap) km−2 (range 0–0.07) almost 56 cap respectively. urban area evolved zero roughly 58 Mha still only 0.5 % total surface globe. Cropland occupied approximately 1 (13 037 Mha, excluding Antarctica) long time until quite similar grazing In following centuries share cropland slowly grew 2.2 1700 CE (ca. 293 uncertainty 220–367 Mha), 1850 (578 522–637 Mha) 12.2 1591 1572–1604 Mha). land, these categories separated rice non-rice. Rain-fed croplands were much common, (289 217–361 4.2 (549 496–606 10.1 (1316 1298–1325 while 0.05 (4.3 3.1–5.5 0.2 (28 25–31 2.1 (277 273–278 1700, (paddy) 0.1 9–16 26–31 0.9 (118 117–120 CE. uncertain. 5.1 (667 507–820 9.6 (1192 1068–1304 24.9 (3241 3211–3270 To aid modelling community we have pasture, converted rangeland or unmanaged unconverted rangeland. Pasture 1.1 (145 79–175 1.9 (253 218–287 6.0 (787 779–795 rangelands usually space due their occurrence arid regions thus yields sustain livestock. at 0.6 (82 66–93 (129 118–136 2.4 (310 306–312 3.4 (437 334–533 6.2 (810 733–881 16.5 (2145 2126–2164

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical mapping of annual global land cover 2001 to present: The MODIS Collection 6 Land Cover product

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 222, P. 183 - 194

Published: Jan. 5, 2019

Language: Английский

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Carbon sequestration potential of second-growth forest regeneration in the Latin American tropics

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 2(5)

Published: May 6, 2016

Models reveal the high carbon mitigation potential of tropical forest regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Global distribution data for cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and ducks in 2010

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2018

Abstract Global data sets on the geographic distribution of livestock are essential for diverse applications in agricultural socio-economics, food security, environmental impact assessment and epidemiology. We present a new version Gridded Livestock World (GLW 3) database, reflecting most recently compiled harmonized subnational 2010. GLW 3 provides global population densities cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens ducks each land pixel at spatial resolution 0.083333 decimal degrees (approximately 10 km equator). They accompanied by detailed metadata year, source input census data. Two versions species produced. In first version, numbers disaggregated within polygons according to weights established statistical models using high covariates (dasymetric weighting). second animal distributed homogeneously with equal their (areal weighting) provide layers free any assumptions linking them other variables.

Language: Английский

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Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(33)

Published: Aug. 2, 2018

Significance Decades of research have fostered the now-prevalent assumption that noncrop habitat facilitates better pest suppression by providing shelter and food resources to predators parasitoids crop pests. Based on our analysis largest pest-control database its kind, surrounding farm fields does affect multiple dimensions control, but actual responses pests enemies are highly variable across geographies cropping systems. Because often not enhance biological more information about local farming contexts is needed before conservation can be recommended as a viable pest-suppression strategy. Consequently, when control benefit from vegetation, farms will need carefully comanaged for competing production objectives.

Language: Английский

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Global impacts of future cropland expansion and intensification on agricultural markets and biodiversity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 28, 2019

Abstract With rising demand for biomass, cropland expansion and intensification represent the main strategies to boost agricultural production, but are also major drivers of biodiversity decline. We investigate consequences attaining equal global production gains by 2030, either or intensification, analyse their impacts on markets biodiversity. find that both scenarios lead lower crop prices across world, even in regions where decreases. Cropland mostly affects hotspots Central South America, while threatens especially Sub-Saharan Africa, India China. Our results suggest will occur at costs predominantly developing tropical regions, Europe North America benefit from world market without putting own risk. By identifying potential future conflicts, we demonstrate conservation prioritization is needed balance with goals.

Language: Английский

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A 30-m landsat-derived cropland extent product of Australia and China using random forest machine learning algorithm on Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 144, P. 325 - 340

Published: Aug. 10, 2018

Mapping high resolution (30-m or better) cropland extent over very large areas such as continents countries regions accurately, precisely, repeatedly, and rapidly is of great importance for addressing the global food water security challenges. Such products capture individual farm fields, small large, are crucial developing accurate higher-level cropping intensities, crop types, watering methods (irrigated rainfed), productivity, productivity. It also brings many challenges that include handling massively data volumes, computing power, collecting resource intensive reference training validation complex geographic political boundaries. Thereby, this study developed a precise Landsat 30-m derived product two important, distinct, diverse, countries: Australia China. The used eight bands (blue, green, red, NIR, SWIR1, SWIR2, TIR1, NDVI) Landsat-8 every 16-day Operational Land Imager (OLI) years 2013–2015. classification was performed by using pixel-based supervised random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm (MLA) executed on Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. Each band time-composited 4–6 time-periods year median value various agro-ecological zones (AEZs) This resulted in 32–48-layer mega-file data-cube (MFDC) each AEZs. Reference were gathered from: (a) field visits, (b) sub-meter to 5-m spatial imagery (VHRI) data, (c) ancillary sources from National agriculture bureaus. Croplands versus non-croplands knowledge base RF MFDC 958 reference-training samples 2130 resulting assessed accuracies independent samples: 900 1972 showed an overall accuracy 97.6% with producer’s 98.8% (errors omissions = 1.2%), user’s 79% commissions 21%) class. For China, 94% 80% 20%), 84.2% 15.8%) Total estimated 35.1 million hectares 165.2 These estimates higher 8.6% 3.9% China when compared traditionally national statistics. further demonstrated ability estimate sub-national accurately providing R2 0.85 province-wise provides paradigm-shift how maps produced multi-date remote sensing. can be browsed at www.croplands.org made available download NASA’s Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) https://www.lpdaac.usgs.gov/node/1282.

Language: Английский

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