Want to model a species niche? A step-by-step guideline on correlative ecological niche modelling

Ecological Modelling, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 456, P. 109671 - 109671

Published: July 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific trait variation in plants: a renewed focus on its role in ecological processes

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127(4), P. 397 - 410

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Investigating the causes and consequences of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants is not novel, as it has long been recognized that such shapes biotic abiotic interactions. While evolutionary population biology have extensively investigated ITV, only last 10 years interest ITV surged within community comparative ecology.

Language: Английский

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Adjustments and coordination of hydraulic, leaf and stem traits along a water availability gradient

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223(2), P. 632 - 646

Published: Jan. 13, 2019

Trait variability in space and time allows plants to adjust changing environmental conditions. However, we know little about how this is distributed coordinated at different organizational levels. For six dominant tree species northeastern Spain (three Fagaceae three Pinaceae) quantified the inter- intraspecific of a set traits along water availability gradient. We measured leaf mass per area (LMA), nitrogen (N) concentration, carbon isotope composition leaves (δ13 C), stem wood density, Huber value (Hv, ratio cross-sectional sapwood area), sapwood-specific leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity, vulnerability xylem embolism (P50 ) turgor loss point (Ptlp ). Differences between families explained largest amount for most traits, although was also relevant. Species occupying wetter sites showed higher N, P50 Ptlp , lower LMA, δ13 C Hv. when trait relationships with were assessed within they held only Hv . Overall, our results indicate that adjustments gradient relied primarily on changes resource allocation relations.

Language: Английский

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Incorporating local adaptation into forecasts of species’ distribution and abundance under climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 775 - 793

Published: Dec. 31, 2018

Abstract Populations of many species are genetically adapted to local historical climate conditions. Yet most forecasts species’ distributions under change have ignored adaptation (LA), which may paint a false picture how will respond across their geographic ranges. We review recent studies that incorporated intraspecific variation, potential proxy for LA, into distribution forecasts, assess strengths and weaknesses, make recommendations improve in the face LA. The three methods used so far (species models, response functions, mechanistic models) reflect trade‐off between data availability ability rigorously demonstrate LA climate. identify key considerations incorporating currently missing from published studies, including testing spatial scale pattern confounding effects nonclimatic or biotic drivers, need incorporate empirically based dispersal gene flow processes. suggest approaches better evaluate these aspects on species‐level forecasts. In particular, we highlight demographic dynamic evolutionary models as promising integrate emphasize importance independent model validation. Finally, urge closer examination alter responses central vs. marginal populations allow stronger generalizations about changes abundance

Language: Английский

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Trait‐based ecology of terrestrial arthropods

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 94(3), P. 999 - 1022

Published: Dec. 13, 2018

In focusing on how organisms' generalizable functional properties (traits) interact mechanistically with environments across spatial scales and levels of biological organization, trait-based approaches provide a powerful framework for attaining synthesis, generality prediction. Trait-based research has considerably improved understanding the assembly, structure functioning plant communities. Further advances in ecology may be achieved by exploring trait-environment relationships non-sessile, heterotrophic organisms such as terrestrial arthropods, which are geographically ubiquitous, ecologically diverse, often important components ecosystems. studies trait databases have recently been compiled groups ants, bees, beetles, butterflies, spiders many others; however, explicit justification, conceptual framework, primary-evidence base burgeoning field 'terrestrial arthropod ecology' not well established. Consequently, there is some confusion over scope relevance this field, tendency to overlook assumptions approach. Here we aim broad accessible overview arthropods. We first define illustrate foundational concepts respect justify application study their ecology. Next, review community where used elucidate assembly processes communities influenced niche filtering along environmental gradients (e.g. climatic, structural, land-use gradients) abiotic biotic disturbances fire, floods, invasions). also ecosystem investigate biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships: diversity relates host functions services that they mediate, decomposition, pollination predation. then suggest future work can address fundamental limitations investigating functionality effects intraspecific variation, assessing potential sampling methods bias traits values observed, enhancing quality consolidation information databases. A roadmap guide observational presented. Lastly, highlight new areas arthropods positioned advance ecological application. These include examining roles competitive, non-competitive (multi-)trophic interactions shaping coexistence, macro-scaling explain predict patterns biodiversity space time. hope will spur applications insights from most diverse eukaryotic Earth.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific Trait Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity Mediate Alpine Plant Species Response to Climate Change

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Nov. 13, 2018

In a rapidly changing climate, alpine plants may persist by adapting to new conditions. However, the rate at which climate is might exceed of adaptation through evolutionary processes in long-lived plants. Persistence depend on phenotypic plasticity morphology and physiology. Here we investigated patterns leaf trait variation including area, thickness, specific dry matter content, nutrients (C, N, P) isotopes (δ13C δ15N) across an elevation gradient Gongga Mountain, Sichuan Province, China. We quantified inter- intra-specific traits selected species experimental warming cooling using reciprocal transplantation approach. found substantial most functional where δ15N, P showed greatest plasticity. These did not correspond with largest amount intraspecific variation. Plasticity tended enable plant populations shift their values toward mean transplanted plants' destination community, but only if that population started very different values. results suggest important mechanism for enabling within communities better tolerate environmental conditions under change.

Language: Английский

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Where should China practice forestry in a warming world?

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 2461 - 2475

Published: Dec. 28, 2021

As a nature-based and cost-effective solution, forestation plays crucial role in combating global warming, biodiversity collapse, environmental degradation, well-being. Although China is acknowledged as leader of has achieved considerable overall success improvements through mega-forestation programs, many negative effects have also emerged at local scales due to the planting maladapted tree species. To better help achieve carbon neutrality new vision an ecological civilization, committed further increase forestation. However, where lands such efforts should really be located not so well understood yet agreed upon, especially face rapid climate change. Based on ensemble-learning machine, we predicted spatial habitats (ecological niche) forest, grassland, shrubland, desert under present future conditions based natural climax vegetation distribution across China. We show that potential are mainly eastern China, which east Hu Line (also known Heihe-Tengchong Line). Under change, forests will shift substantially latitudinal, longitudinal, elevational distribution. Potential by 33.1 million hectares 2070s, conversions shrub grassland along Line. Our prediction map indicates rehabilitation universal optimal restoration strategy areas west This analysis consistent with much observed evidence failures recent climate-change-induced forest range shifts. results provide overview importance adaptive science-based planning management.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic forecasts of species responses to climate change: The promise of biophysical ecology

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1451 - 1470

Published: Dec. 14, 2022

A core challenge in global change biology is to predict how species will respond future environmental and manage these responses. To make such predictions management actions robust novel futures, we need accurately characterize organisms experience their environments the biological mechanisms by which they respond. All are thermodynamically connected through exchange of heat water at fine spatial temporal scales this can be captured with biophysical models. Although mechanistic models based on ecology have a long history development application, use remains limited despite enormous promise increasingly accessible software. We contend that greater understanding training theory methods vital expand application. Our review shows implemented understand climate impacts species' behavior, phenology, survival, distribution, abundance. It also illustrates types outputs generated, data inputs required for different implementations. Examples range from simple calculations body temperature particular site time, more complex analyses distribution limits projected energy balances, accounting behavior phenology. outline challenges currently limit widespread application relating availability, training, lack common software ecosystems. discuss progress developments could allow applied many across large extents timeframes. Finally, highlight uniquely suited solve problems involve predicting interpreting responses variability extremes, multiple or shifting constraints, abiotic biotic environments.

Language: Английский

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The other side of tropical forest drought: do shallow water table regions of Amazonia act as large‐scale hydrological refugia from drought?

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(3), P. 714 - 733

Published: Jan. 17, 2022

Summary Tropical forest function is of global significance to climate change responses, and critically determined by water availability patterns. Groundwater tightly related soil through the table depth (WT), but historically neglected in ecological studies. Shallow WT forests (WT < 5 m) are underrepresented research networks absent eddy flux measurements, although they represent c . 50% Amazon expected respond differently global‐change‐related droughts. We review patterns consequences for plants, emerging results, advance a conceptual model integrating environment trait distributions predict effects. have distinct species composition, with more resource‐acquisitive hydrologically vulnerable trees, shorter canopies lower biomass than deep forests. During ‘normal’ climatic years, shallow higher mortality productivity forests, during moderate droughts buffered increases. However, severe drought, may be sensitive due roots drought‐intolerant traits. Our evidence supports hypothesis being resilient challenging prevailing view widespread negative effects on Amazonian that ignores gradients, predicts could collapse under very strong

Language: Английский

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Forest tree species adaptation to climate across biomes: Building on the legacy of ecological genetics to anticipate responses to climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(17), P. 4711 - 4730

Published: April 8, 2023

Abstract Intraspecific variation plays a critical role in extant and future forest responses to climate change. Forest tree species with wide climatic niches rely on the intraspecific resulting from genetic adaptation phenotypic plasticity accommodate spatial temporal variability. A centuries‐old legacy of ecological genetics provenance trials has provided strong foundation upon which continue building this knowledge, is maintain climate‐adapted forests. Our overall objective understand trees across biomes, while our specific objectives are describe models used build foundational summarize modeling approaches that have expanded traditional toolset, extensively review literature 1994 2021 highlight main contributions new analyzes trials. We reviewed 103 studies comprising at least three common gardens, covered 58 species, 28 them range‐wide studies. Although using trial data cover mostly commercially important temperate boreal synthesis provides global overview climate. found evidence for local commonly present studied (79%), being more conifers (87.5%) than broadleaf (67%). In 57% clines fitness‐related traits were associated temperature variables, 14% precipitation, 25% both. Evidence lags was 50% conclude analysis provide excellent insights variation, whereas limits plasticity, will likely determine fate forests, vastly understudied.

Language: Английский

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