Global buffering of temperatures under forest canopies

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(5), P. 744 - 749

Published: April 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Advances in Microclimate Ecology Arising from Remote Sensing

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 327 - 341

Published: Jan. 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Endemism increases species' climate change risk in areas of global biodiversity importance

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 109070 - 109070

Published: April 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Canopy structure and topography jointly constrain the microclimate of human‐modified tropical landscapes

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 5243 - 5258

Published: Sept. 23, 2018

Local-scale microclimatic conditions in forest understoreys play a key role shaping the composition, diversity and function of these ecosystems. Consequently, understanding what drives variation microclimate is critical to forecasting ecosystem responses global change, particularly tropics where many species already operate close their thermal limits rapid land-use transformation profoundly altering local environments. Yet our ability characterize at ecologically meaningful scales remains limited, as understorey cannot be directly measured from outside canopy. To address this challenge, we established network sensors across intensity gradient spanning old-growth forests oil-palm plantations Borneo. We then combined observations with high-resolution airborne laser scanning data how topography canopy structure shape both locally landscape. In processes, generated surfaces over 350 km2 , which used explore potential impacts habitat degradation on regeneration under current future climate scenarios. found that vegetation were strong predictors microclimate, elevation terrain curvature primarily constraining daily mean temperatures vapour pressure deficit (VPD), whereas height had clear dampening effect extremes. This buffering was pronounced wind-exposed slopes but tended saturate once exceeded 20 m-suggesting despite intensive logging, secondary remain largely thermally buffered. Nonetheless, landscape-scale highly heterogeneous, maximum ranging between 24.2 37.2°C VPD two orders magnitude. Based this, estimate by end century could hampered degraded much Borneo's lowlands if continue rise following projected trends.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal drivers of understorey temperature buffering in temperate deciduous forests across Europe

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 28(12), P. 1774 - 1786

Published: Aug. 22, 2019

Forest understorey microclimates are often buffered against extreme heat or cold, with important implications for the organisms living in these environments. We quantified seasonal effects of microclimate predictors describing canopy structure, composition and topography (i.e., local factors) forest patch size distance to coast landscape factors).Temperate forests Europe.2017-2018.Woody plants.We combined data from a sensor network weather-station records calculate difference, offset, between temperatures measured inside outside forests. used regression analysis study factors on offset minimum, mean maximum temperatures.The temperature during summer was average cooler by 2.1 °C than forests, minimum winter spring were 0.4 0.9 warmer. The cover strong nonlinear driver summer, we found increased cooling beneath tree species that cast deepest shade. Seasonal offsets mainly regulated topographic features, such as position.Forest experience less severe extremes suggested currently available macroclimate data; therefore, climate-species relationships responses anthropogenic global warming cannot be modelled accurately using alone. Changes will strongly modulate understories, understanding biodiversity functioning threats land-use change climate change. Our predictive models generally applicable across lowland temperate deciduous providing ecologically understories.

Language: Английский

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Vulnerability of global biodiversity hotspots to climate change

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 768 - 783

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Abstract Motivation More than half of Earth's species are contained in a mere 1.4% its land area, but the climates many these biodiversity hotspots projected to disappear as consequence anthropogenic climate change. There is growing recognition that spatio‐temporal patterns have shaped biological diversity over variety historical time‐scales, yet rarely taken into account assessments vulnerability future In our review, we synthesize climatic processes led diversification and interpret what this means context We demonstrate importance mesoclimatic fine‐scale topographical heterogeneity, combination with variability, driving speciation maintaining high levels diversity. outline why features crucial understanding impacts change discuss how recent advances predictive modelling enable be understood better. Location Global. Main conclusions contend many, although not all, landscape characteristics create spatial variability climate, which potentially buffers them from changes. Temporally, also experienced stable through evolutionary time, making particularly vulnerable Others more variable climates, likely provide resilience Thus, order identify risk for global biodiversity, need consider carefully influence climate. However, most still reliant on data coarse temporal resolution. Higher‐resolution forecasts better physiological responses organisms much needed inform conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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The Ecology of Tropical East Asia

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2019

Abstract Tropical East Asia is home to over 1 billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of forest cover the highest rates deforestation logging in tropics. Hunting trade wildlife products threaten all large many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, region still supports an estimated 15–25 per cent global terrestrial biodiversity thus a key focus for conservation. This book therefore deals with plants, animals, ecosystems they inhabit, as well diverse threats their survival options provides background knowledge region’s ecology needed by both specialists non-specialists put own work into broader context. The first edition was describe entire Asian tropics subtropics, southern China western Indonesia, second extended coverage include very similar Northeast India, Bangladesh, Bhutan. third updates contents gives prominence Anthropocene possible conservation responses. accessible style, comprehensive coverage, engaging illustrations make this advanced textbook essential read senior undergraduate graduate-level students studying tropics, authoritative reference professional ecologists, conservationists, interested amateurs worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(6)

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Brief introduction: What are microclimates and why they important? Microclimate science has developed into a global discipline. is increasingly used to understand mitigate climate biodiversity shifts. Here, we provide an overview of the current status microclimate ecology biogeography in terrestrial ecosystems, where this field heading next. investigations We highlight latest research on interactions between organisms, including how influence individuals, through them populations, communities entire ecosystems their processes. also briefly discuss recent organisms shape from tropics poles. applications ecosystem management Microclimates important under change. showcase new with examples conservation, forestry urban ecology. importance microrefugia conservation promote heterogeneity. Methods for advances data acquisition, such as novel sensors remote sensing methods. modelling, mapping processing, accessibility modelling tools, advantages mechanistic statistical solutions computational challenges that have pushed state‐of‐the‐art field. What's next? identify major knowledge gaps need be filled further advancing investigations, These include spatiotemporal scaling data, mismatches macroclimate predicting responses change, more evidence outcomes management.

Language: Английский

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Upward expansion and acceleration of forest clearance in the mountains of Southeast Asia

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(10), P. 892 - 899

Published: June 28, 2021

Language: Английский

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Global loss of climate connectivity in tropical forests

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 623 - 626

Published: July 8, 2019

Language: Английский

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