Intra-guild spatial niche overlap among three small falcon species in an area of recent sympatry DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Berlusconi, Damiano Preatoni, Giacomo Assandri

et al.

The European Zoological Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 89(1), P. 510 - 526

Published: April 7, 2022

Climate warming and land-use change are reshuffling the distribution of wild organisms on a global scale. Some species may expand their ranges colonize new regions, which greatly affect ecological interactions among pre-existing colonizers. In last decades, such processes have originated unique condition sympatry three Eurasian small Falco (common kestrel F. tinnunculus, lesser naumanni, red-footed falcon vespertinus) in intensively cultivated farmland habitats Po Plain (Northern Italy). This provides an excellent opportunity to investigate patterns spatial niche overlap during initial phases establishment sympatry. To species, we relied Environmental Niche Models (ENMs) based widespread breeding occurrence data obtained through field surveys citizen science programs (during 2018–2020 period). ENMs were bioclimatic variables ensemble modelling framework. We estimated species-specific relative contributions each climatic variable its response curves effect. Eventually, generated correlation maps potential species' distributions derive spatially-explicit predictions co-occurrence areas species. Overall, eco-climatic determinants similar, resulting strong association with intensive arable lands dry continental climate. Consistently, found high between suitability two highly suitable located Central-Eastern area Plain, corresponding core range both Conversely, common emerged as habitat generalist was widely distributed throughout Plain. Our findings suggest that recent kestrels falcons promote intra-guild competition.

Language: Английский

The good, the bad and the ugly of COVID-19 lockdown effects on wildlife conservation: Insights from the first European locked down country DOI Open Access
Raoul Manenti, Emiliano Mori,

Viola Di Canio

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 249, P. 108728 - 108728

Published: Aug. 21, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

235
Identifying climate refugia for high‐elevation Alpine birds under current climate warming predictions DOI
Mattia Brambilla, Diego Rubolini,

Ojan Appukuttan

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(14), P. 4276 - 4291

Published: April 20, 2022

Abstract Identifying climate refugia is key to effective biodiversity conservation under a changing climate, especially for mountain‐specialist species adapted cold conditions and highly threatened by warming. We combined distribution models (SDMs) with forecasts identify high‐elevation bird ( Lagopus muta , Anthus spinoletta Prunella collaris Montifringilla nivalis ) in the European Alps, where ecological effects of changes are particularly evident predicted intensify. considered future (2041–2070) (SSP585 scenario, four models) identified three types refugia: (1) in‐situ potentially suitable both current conditions, ex‐situ (2) only according all or (3) at least out conditions. SDMs were based on very large, high‐resolution occurrence dataset (2901–12,601 independent records each species) collected citizen scientists. fitted using different algorithms, balancing statistical accuracy, realism predictive/extrapolation ability. selected most reliable ones consistency between training testing data extrapolation over distant areas. Future predictions revealed that (with partial exception A. will undergo range contraction towards higher elevations, losing 17%–59% their (larger losses L. ). ~15,000 km 2 Alpine region as species, which 44% currently designated protected areas (PAs; 18%–66% among countries). Our findings highlight usefulness spatially accurate scientists, importance model extrapolating Climate refugia, partly included within PAs system, should be priority sites habitats, habitat degradation/alteration human activities prevented ensure suitability alpine species.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Climate change extinctions DOI Creative Commons
Mark C. Urban

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6726), P. 1123 - 1128

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Climate change is expected to cause irreversible changes biodiversity, but predicting those risks remains uncertain. I synthesized 485 studies and more than 5 million projections produce a quantitative global assessment of climate extinctions. With increased certainty, this meta-analysis suggests that extinctions will accelerate rapidly if temperatures exceed 1.5°C. The highest-emission scenario would threaten approximately one-third species, globally. Amphibians; species from mountain, island, freshwater ecosystems; inhabiting South America, Australia, New Zealand face the greatest threats. In line with predictions, has contributed an increasing proportion observed since 1970. Besides limiting greenhouse gases, pinpointing which protect first be critical for preserving biodiversity until anthropogenic halted reversed.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
The Ural Owl as a Keystone Species in Interspecific Interactions Among Avian Predators—A Review DOI Creative Commons
Łukasz Kajtoch

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 109 - 109

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Ural owls are one of the largest in Europe, exhibiting known aggressive behaviour toward other raptors. They to interact with nearly all sympatric and many diurnal To summarise these interactions, a literature search was undertaken Web Sciences Scopus databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses methodology as well principal books on owl biology. The revealed 22 relevant publications that (along book data) described owl’s relations seven six raptor species. is subordinate only predators like golden eagles eagles, although its chicks be killed. Contrary that, shape distribution numerous species, mostly by strong competition (e.g., forcing tawny breed suboptimal habitats) or predation (killing smaller raptors). Their occurrence could also protective some species boreal thanks removal intermediate predators. goshawks interesting, which seem live balance—temporal avoidance activity frequent co-occurrence. Thanks their association old-growth forests impact territories, act keystone mountainous Europe. Considering this ecosystem service, should effectively protected e.g., designing forest-management-free zones around nesting sites.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Global Projection of Terrestrial Vertebrate Food Webs Under Future Climate and Land‐Use Changes DOI Open Access
Xiyang Hao, Marcel Holyoak, Zhicheng Zhang

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Food webs represent an important nexus between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet considering changes in food around the world has been limited by data availability. Previous studies have predicted web collapses coextinction, but structure less investigated under climate warming anthropogenic pressures on a global scale. We systematically amassed information about species' diets, traits, distributions, habitat use, phylogenetics real used machine learning to predict meta‐food of terrestrial vertebrates land‐use changes. By year 2100, vertebrate are expected decrease size 32% trophic links 49%. Projections declines over 25% modularity, predator generality, diversity groups. Increased dispersal could ameliorate these trends indicate disproportionate vulnerability regional webs. Unlike many previous studies, this work combines extensive empirical with advanced modeling techniques, providing more detailed spatially explicit prediction how will respond Overall, our study predicts undergo drastic heterogeneous structural

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Steppe-land birds under global change: insights from the Eurasian Stone-curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) in the Western Palearctic DOI Creative Commons
Andrea Simoncini, Samuele Ramellini, Mattia Falaschi

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03478 - e03478

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Review on climate change impacts on the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) Nexus in the North-Eastern Italian Alps DOI Creative Commons
Anna Napoli, Michael Matiu, Lavinia Laiti

et al.

Climatic Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 178(3)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Decomposing trends in bird populations: Climate, life histories and habitat affect different aspects of population change DOI Creative Commons
David Štorch, Jaroslav Koleček, Petr Keil

et al.

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 572 - 585

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Abstract Aim Despite the complexity of population dynamics, most studies concerning current changes in bird populations reduce trajectory change to a linear trend. This may hide more complex patterns reflecting responses changing anthropogenic pressures. Here, we address this by means multivariate analysis and attribute different components dynamics potential drivers. Location Czech Republic. Methods We used data on trajectories (1982–2019) 111 common breeding species, decomposed them into independent principal component (PCA), related these multiple drivers comprising climate, land use species' life histories. Results The first two ordination axes explained substantial proportion variability (42.0 12.5% variation PC1 PC2 respectively). axis captured Species with increasing were characterized mostly long lifespan warmer climatic niches. effect habitat was less pronounced but still significant, negative trends being typical for farmland birds, while positive birds deciduous forests. second contrast between hump‐shaped U‐shaped even strongly associated species traits. migrating longer distances narrower temperature niches revealed trends, so that their increased before 2000 then declined. These are supported total abundances respective ecological groups. Main Conclusion Although transformation apparently drives some groups, climate traits represent crucial central European birds. Decomposing separate brings unique insights non‐trivial drivers, potentially indicate regime effects biodiversity.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
The contribution of landscape features, climate and topography in shaping taxonomical and functional diversity of avian communities in a heterogeneous Alpine region DOI Creative Commons
Matteo Anderle,

Chiara Paniccia,

Mattia Brambilla

et al.

Oecologia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 199(3), P. 499 - 512

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Understanding the effects of landscape composition and configuration, climate, topography on bird diversity is necessary to identify distribution drivers, potential impacts land use changes, future conservation strategies. We surveyed communities in a study area located Central Alps (Autonomous Province South Tyrol, northeast Italy), by means point counts investigated taxonomic functional at two spatial scales along gradients use/land cover (LULC) intensity elevation. also explored how environmental variables influence traits red-list categories. Models combining drivers different types were highly supported, pointing towards synergetic communities. The model containing only LULC compositional was most supported one among single-group models: plays crucial role shaping local biodiversity hence communities, even across broad gradients. Particularly relevant wetlands, open habitats, agricultural mosaics made up small habitat patches settlements, ecotonal structural elements settings, continuous forests. To conserve Alps, planning management practices promoting maintaining fields, elements, mosaic should be while preserving forests same time. Additionally, pastures, extensively used meadows, wetlands are key conservation. These strategies might mitigate global change other European mountain areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Species distribution modeling to inform transboundary species conservation and management under climate change: promise and pitfalls DOI Creative Commons
Mary E. Blair, Minh Đức Lê,

Ming Xu

et al.

Frontiers of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Spatially explicit biogeographic models are among the most used methods in conservation biogeography, with correlative species distribution (SDMs) being popular them. SDMs can identify potential for species’ and community range shifts under climate change, thus inspire, inform, guide complex adaptive management planning efforts such as collaborative transboundary frameworks. However, rarely developed collaboratively, which would be ideal applications of models. Further, that applied to often do not follow best practices field, particularly important change contexts model extrapolation into potentially novel climates is necessary. Thus, while there substantial promise, machine-learning based SDM approaches, also many pitfalls consider when applying conservation, especially context change. Here, we summarize these key steps mitigate them maximize promise facilitate We argue modeling capacity must elevated practitioners they easily implement using SDMs, regarding: 1) avoiding overcomplexity, 2) addressing input data bias, 3) accounting uncertainty extrapolations projections. While our discussion centers mainly on opportunities algorithm, Maxent, suggestions generalized a other tools. Overall, improved training in, tools for, implementation hold great help complex, collaborations long-term

Language: Английский

Citations

24