The Effects of Shade and Light on Corals in the Context of Coral Bleaching and Shading Technologies

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 12, 2022

The current coral reefs crisis is motivating a number of innovative projects attempting to leverage new mechanisms avoid bleaching, reduce mortality and restore damaged reefs. Shading the reef, through seawater atomised fogging, one tool in development levels irradiance temperature. To evaluate potential viability this concept, here we review 91 years (1930–2021) published research looking at effects different shade light on We summarised types studies, places, species used, common responses variable measured, shades used among studies. discuss issues related reef scale shading applicability, methods measure light, standardisation most importantly positive negative corals.

Language: Английский

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Climate refugia on the Great Barrier Reef fail when global warming exceeds 3°C

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(19), P. 5768 - 5780

Published: Aug. 2, 2022

Increases in the magnitude, frequency, and duration of warm seawater temperatures are causing mass coral mortality events across globe. Although, even during most extensive bleaching events, some reefs escape exposure to severe stress, constituting potential refugia. Here, we identify present-day climate refugia on Great Barrier Reef (GBR) project their persistence into future. To do this, apply semi-dynamic downscaling an ensemble projections released for IPCC's recent sixth Assessment Report. We find that GBR locations experiencing least thermal stress over past 20 years have done so because oceanographic circumstance, which implies longer-term is feasible. Specifically, tidal wind mixing water away from sea surface appears provide relief warming. However, average this relative advantage only persists until global warming exceeds ~3°C.

Language: Английский

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Variable photosystem II thermal stress responses of reef-building corals Pocillopora indiania and Heliopora coerulea across latitudes from the Mascarene Plateau, Indian Ocean

Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105467 - 105467

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Importance‐Performance Evaluation of Coral Reef Conservation in Advancing the Bioeconomy of Marine Tourism in Bali, Indonesia

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT This research investigates the interplay between community engagement, psychological factors, and coral reef conservation in context of Bali's marine tourism bioeconomy. By examining drivers such as belief climate change, trust government initiatives, personal experiences with pollution, we show how these social factors shape responses participation conservation. Through use Importance‐Performance Analysis logistic regression models, identify critical that either promote or impede involvement protection efforts. Key indicators assessed included: implementation nurseries, protected areas, public education campaigns, responsible workshops, volunteer programs for cleaning, incentivized actions, local committees, stakeholder engagement sessions. The findings indicated effective management strategies must address not only ecological challenges but also socio‐economic realities. Integrating insights perspectives into efforts is shown to significantly bolster their effectiveness sustainability. study highlights need adaptive approaches are informed by both data feedback, aiming cultivate resilient ecosystems communities face global change.

Language: Английский

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Thermal tolerance traits of individual corals are widely distributed across the Great Barrier Reef

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Adaptation of reef-building corals to global warming depends upon standing heritable variation in tolerance traits which selection can act. Yet limited knowledge exists on heat among conspecific individuals separated by meters hundreds kilometers. Here, we performed standardized acute stress assays quantify the thermal 768 colonies Acropora spathulata from 14 reefs spanning 1060 km (9.5° latitude) Great Barrier Reef. Thermal thresholds for photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll retention varied considerably individual both (∼6 °C) within (∼3 °C). Although rankings between traits, most tolerant (i.e. top 25% each trait) were found at virtually all reefs, indicating widespread phenotypic variation. Reef-scale environmental predictors explained 12–62% trait Corals exposed high averages recent exhibited greatest performance, likely reflecting local adaptation pre-acclimatization, lowest suggesting pre- sensitization. Importantly, relative summer temperatures was southern suggestive higher adaptive potential. These results be used identify naturally coral populations conservation restoration applications.

Language: Английский

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Thermal tolerance traits of individual corals are widely distributed across the Great Barrier Reef

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2030)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Adaptation of reef-building corals to global warming depends upon standing heritable variation in tolerance traits which selection can act. Yet limited knowledge exists on heat-tolerance among conspecific individuals separated by metres hundreds kilometres. Here, we performed standardized acute heat-stress assays quantify the thermal 709 colonies

Language: Английский

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Marine heatwaves in the Gulf of Mexico 1983‒2021: Statistics, recent intensifications, and threats on coral reefs

Advances in Climate Change Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 560 - 572

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

There is the current lack of comprehensive understanding hotspots, frequency, duration, spatiotemporal trends, and physical drivers marine heatwaves (MHWs) within Gulf Mexico (GoM). Here, a series high-resolution satellite reanalysis products are used to examine their characteristics, possible geophysical triggers MHWs. Possible impacts MHW on coral reefs also discussed. Results reveal an increasing trend in intensities from 1983–2021, particularly after 2016. It identifies MHWs hotspots GoM, notably northern western shelves Loop Current. The study further documents intense event late 2020 early 2021 latitude range 17.5°–24°N, attributing its development oceanic processes such as anticyclonic eddies current-driven heat transport. occurrence this potentially increased thermal stress Campeche Tuxtlas Reef Systems. This research illuminates trends providing valuable insights for predicting effects climate change ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Environmental Variability and Threshold Model’s Predictions for Coral Reefs

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Dec. 2, 2021

Current models of the future coral reefs rely on threshold (TM) and multivariate environmental variability (VM) that vary in how they account for spatial temporal heterogeneity. Here, a VM based General Additive Model (GAM) methods evaluated empirical relationships between cover ( n = 905 sites pooled to 318 reef cells Western Central Indian Ocean Provinces) 15 potentially influential variables. Six one fisheries management variables were selected as significant including SST shape distributions, dissolved oxygen, calcite, management. Common predictive variables, cumulative degree-heating weeks (DHW), pH, maximum light, bimodality rate rise, two metrics either weak or not predictors cover. A spatially-resolved 2020 baseline predictions within 11,678 ∼6.25 km 2 13 ecoregions 4 categories using 7 top was established comparing TM prediction year 2050. We compared model’s high low Relative Concentration Pathway (CMIP5; RCP8.5 2.6) scenarios four available future-cast The excess heat (DHW)-coral mortality relationship predicted considerably lower 2050 than VM. For example, RCP2.6 scenarios, decline 81 58% 29 20% among with >25% 2020, if proposed optimal achieved. Despite differences, overlapped regions located southern equatorial current region Ocean. Historical patterns acute chronic stresses are expected be more stress predicting cover, which is better accounted by TM.

Language: Английский

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Geographical distribution of coral reefs and their responses to environmental factors in the South China Sea

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 111485 - 111485

Published: Dec. 30, 2023

Coral reefs represent distinctive yet vulnerable marine ecosystems. Recently, these ecosystems have faced threats and degradation from multiple factors. A comprehensive understanding of coral distribution niche information forms the theoretical foundation for addressing ongoing crisis. This study employed MaxEnt model to predict in central southern regions South China Sea (SCS), while also obtaining ecological information. Utilizing CMIP6 data, future exposure risk corals was evaluated under two forcing scenarios (SSP245 SSP585). The findings revealed that highly suitable areas SCS were approximately 31,360 km2, mainly distributed middle east Xisha, Zhongsha Atoll, Huangyan Island, north Nansha Islands. probability presence west Xisha south low. key environmental factors exerting significant influences on occurrence included seawater temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, current velocity, dissolved oxygen. Among them, velocity nitrate emerged as primary discerning differences fitness across regions, which verified results principal component analysis. Under extreme predicted by end this century (SSP585-2090s), over 43 % would face highest risk, concentrated Nansha. drivers increased substantial changes occurring oxygen, nitrate. research serves a reference conservation climate change future.

Language: Английский

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How moonlight shapes environments, life histories, and ecological interactions on coral reefs

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 45 - 56

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

The lunar cycle drives variation in nocturnal brightness. For the epipelagic larvae of coral reef organisms, illumination may have widespread and underappreciated consequences. At sea, onset darkness coincides with an influx mesopelagic organisms to shallow water (i.e. ‘diel vertical migrants’) that include predators (e.g. lanternfishes) prey (zooplankton) zooplanktivorous larvae. Moonlight generally suppresses this influx, but periodicity timing intensity brightness affect vertically migrating differently. A major turnover species occurs at sunset on reef, diurnal seeking shelter emerging hunt. hunting ability reef-based is aided by light moon. Consequently, likely shape reproduction, larval development, settlement for many organisms. This synthesis underscores potential importance trophic linkages between reefs adjacent pelagic ecosystems, facilitated diel migrations ontogenetic Research needed better understand effects cycles life-history strategies, potentially disruptive pollution, turbidity, climate-driven changes cloud cover. These threats alter patterns shaped evolutionary history consequences survival population replenishment could rival or exceed other arising from climate change.

Language: Английский

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