Nitrogen fertilization weakens the linkage between soil carbon and microbial diversity: A global meta‐analysis

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(21), P. 6446 - 6461

Published: July 29, 2022

Abstract Soil microbes make up a significant portion of the genetic diversity and play critical role in belowground carbon (C) cycling terrestrial ecosystems. microbial organic C are often tightly coupled processes; however, this coupling can be weakened or broken by rapid global change. A meta‐analysis was performed with 1148 paired comparisons extracted from 229 articles published between January 1998 December 2021 to determine how nitrogen (N) fertilization affects relationship soil content We found that N decreased bacterial (−11%) fungal (−17%), but increased (SOC) (+19%), biomass (MBC) (+17%), dissolved (DOC) (+25%) across different Organic (urea) had greater effect on SOC, MBC, DOC, than inorganic fertilization. Most importantly, increasing absolute values correlation coefficients rate duration, suggesting linkage diversity. The might negatively impact essential ecosystem services under high rates fertilization; understanding is important for mitigating negative enrichment cycling.

Language: Английский

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Global gross nitrification rates are dominantly driven by soil carbon‐to‐nitrogen stoichiometry and total nitrogen

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(24), P. 6512 - 6524

Published: Sept. 12, 2021

Abstract Soil gross nitrification (GN) is a critical process in the global nitrogen (N) cycle that results formation of nitrate through microbial oxidation ammonium or organic N, and can both increase N availability to plants nitrous oxide emissions. GN thought be mainly controlled by soil characteristics climate, but comprehensive analysis taking into account characteristics, including their interactions better understand direct indirect controlling factors rates globally lacking. Using meta‐analysis based on 901 observations from 330 15 N‐labeled studies, we show differs significantly among ecosystem types, with highest found croplands, association higher pH which stimulates nitrifying bacteria activities. Autotrophic heterotrophic nitrifications contribute 63% 37%, respectively, GN. increases total biomass, pH, decreases carbon (C) ratio (C:N). Structural equation modeling suggested C:N N. Microbial biomass are also important effects similar. Precipitation temperature affect altering and/or drive nitrification, whereas autotrophic nitrification. Moreover, positively related dioxide This synthesis suggests changes C:N, population size, due anthropogenic activities may influence GN, will accumulation gaseous emissions soils under climate land‐use changes.

Language: Английский

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Global Patterns and Drivers of Soil Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 3791 - 3800

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), the nearly forgotten process in terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycle, can conserve N by converting mobile into non-mobile avoiding losses via denitrification, leaching, and runoff. However, global patterns controlling factors of soil DNRA are still only rudimentarily known. By a meta-analysis 231 observations from 85 published studies across ecosystems, we find mean rate 0.31 ± 0.05 mg kg–1 day–1, being significantly greater paddy soils (1.30 0.59) than forests (0.24 0.03), grasslands (0.52 0.15), unfertilized croplands (0.18 0.04). Soil was enhanced at higher altitude lower latitude. positively correlated with precipitation, temperature, pH, total carbon, N. Precipitation main stimulator for DNRA. Total carbon pH were also important factors, but their effects ecosystem-specific as stimulates forest soils, whereas soils. Higher temperatures inhibit decreasing carbon. Moreover, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions negatively related Thus, future changes climate land-use may interact management practices that alter substrate availability and/or enhance positive on conservation N2O emissions.

Language: Английский

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Expanding agroforestry can increase nitrate retention and mitigate the global impact of a leaky nitrogen cycle in croplands

Nature Food, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 109 - 121

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

The internal soil nitrogen (N) cycle supplies N to plants and microorganisms but may induce pollution in the environment. Understanding variability of gross cycling rates resulting from global spatial heterogeneity climatic edaphic variables is essential for estimating potential risk loss. Here we compiled 4,032 observations 398 published

Language: Английский

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Global patterns of soil gross immobilization of ammonium and nitrate in terrestrial ecosystems

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(14), P. 4472 - 4488

Published: April 21, 2022

Microbial nitrogen (N) immobilization, which typically results in soil N retention but based on the balance of gross immobilization over production, affects fate anthropogenic reactive N. However, global patterns and drivers ammonium (INH4 ) nitrate (INO3 are still only tentatively known. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis considering production rates, properties, climate their interactions for deeper understanding INH4 INO3 . By compiling analyzing 1966 observations from 274 15 N-labelled studies, found average 7.41 ± 0.72 2.03 0.30 mg kg-1 day-1 with ratio to :INH4 0.79 0.11. Soil increased increasing mineralization (GNM) nitrification (GN), microbial biomass, organic carbon, total decreasing bulk density. Our revealed that GNM GN were main stimulators , respectively. The structural equation modeling showed higher N, pH, precipitation stimulate through enhancing GN. temperature density suppress by reducing biomass varied terrestrial ecosystems, being greater grasslands forests, have rates GNM, than croplands. highest was observed croplands, had 2.86 0.31, manifesting high potential risk loss. We highlight activities influence properties likely interact future changes land uses affect and, eventually,

Language: Английский

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Thinning increases forest ecosystem carbon stocks

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 555, P. 121702 - 121702

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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IoT-Driven Smart Agricultural Technology for Real-Time Soil and Crop Optimization

Smart Agricultural Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100847 - 100847

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A review of the importance of mineral nitrogen cycling in the plant-soil-microbe system of permafrost-affected soils—changing the paradigm

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 013004 - 013004

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Abstract The paradigm that permafrost-affected soils show restricted mineral nitrogen (N) cycling in favor of organic N compounds is based on the observation net mineralization rates these cold climates are negligible. However, we find here this perception wrong. By synthesizing published data plant-soil-microbe system permafrost ecosystems gross ammonification and nitrification active layers were similar magnitude showed a dependence soil carbon (C) total concentrations as observed temperate tropical systems. Moreover, high protein depolymerization only marginal effects C:N stoichiometry turnover provided little evidence for limitation. Instead, rather short period when not frozen single main factor limiting turnover. High thus facilitated by released protection matter with gaining particular importance N-rich soils, such without vegetation. Our finding vigorous activity confirmed rich functional microbial community which can be found both layers. availability supported biological fixation, while atmospheric deposition Arctic still except fire-affected areas. In line production, recent plant physiological research indicates higher nutrition than previously thought. synthesis shows production do generally differ from those or soils. We therefore suggest to adjust cycle paradigm, assigning important role cycling. This new suggests larger climate feedbacks assumed previously.

Language: Английский

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Phosphorus additions imbalance terrestrial ecosystem C:N:P stoichiometry

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(24), P. 7353 - 7365

Published: Sept. 3, 2022

Abstract Carbon (C):nitrogen (N):phosphorus (P) stoichiometry in plants, soils, and microbial biomass influences productivity nutrient cycling terrestrial ecosystems. Anthropogenic inputs of P to ecosystems are increasing; however, our understanding the impacts addition on ecosystem C:N:P ratios remains elusive. By conducting a meta‐analysis with 1413 paired observations from 121 publications, we showed that significantly decreased plant, soil, N:P C:P ratios, but had negligible effects C:N ratios. The reductions became more evident as application rates experimental duration increased. did not vary types or climates. Moreover, responses soil were associated pH fungi:bacteria Additionally, additions increased net primary productivity, biomass, respiration, N mineralization, nitrification, ammonium nitrate contents. Decreases plant both negatively correlated positively contents; contents, contents all declining Our findings highlight could imbalance potentially impact functions.

Language: Английский

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C:N ratios of bulk soils and particle-size fractions: Global trends and major drivers

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 425, P. 116026 - 116026

Published: July 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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