Carbon for soils, not soils for carbon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2384 - 2398

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract The role of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration as a ‘win‐win’ solution to both climate change and food insecurity receives an increasing promotion. opportunity may be too good missed! Yet the tremendous complexity two issues at stake calls for detailed nuanced examination any potential solution, no matter how appealing. Here, we critically re‐examine benefits global SOC strategies on mitigation production. While estimated contributions vary, almost none take saturation into account. show that including in estimations decreases contribution by 53%–81% towards 2100. In addition, reviewing more than 21 meta‐analyses, found observed yield effects are inconsistent, ranging from negative neutral positive. We find promise win‐win outcome is confirmed only when specific land management practices applied under conditions. Therefore, argue existing knowledge base does not justify current trend set agendas focusing first foremost sequestration. Away climate‐smart soils , need shift soil‐smart agriculture adaptative adapted each local context, where multiple functions quantified concurrently. Only such comprehensive assessments will allow synergies sustainability maximised agronomic requirements security fulfilled. This implies moving away targets agricultural soils. occur along this pathway contribute should regarded co‐benefit.

Language: Английский

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Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 165 - 183

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish species' potential adapt future environments. Understanding monitoring how organisms respond human-driven change is therefore major priority for conservation rapidly changing environment. Recent developments genomic, transcriptomic epigenomic technologies enabling unprecedented insights into evolutionary processes molecular bases adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply integrate omics tools experimentally investigate, monitor predict species communities wild cope with change, which by genetically adapting new conditions, through range shifts or phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages limitations each method discuss research avenues would improve our understanding responses highlighting need holistic, multi-omics approaches ecosystem during Species can shifting their these responses.

Language: Английский

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Substrate availability and not thermal acclimation controls microbial temperature sensitivity response to long‐term warming

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1574 - 1590

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Microbes are responsible for cycling carbon (C) through soils, and predicted changes in soil C stocks under climate change highly sensitive to shifts the mechanisms assumed control microbial physiological response warming. Two have been suggested explain long-term warming impact on physiology: thermal acclimation quantity quality of substrates available metabolism. Yet studies disentangling these two lacking. To resolve drivers physiology warming, we sampled soils from 13- 28-year-old experiments different seasons. We performed short-term laboratory incubations across a range temperatures measure relationships between temperature sensitivity (growth, respiration, use efficiency, extracellular enzyme activity) chemical composition organic matter. observed apparent but only summer, when had exacerbated seasonally-induced, already small dissolved matter pools. Irrespective greater increased enzymatic pool its sensitivity. propose that fresh litter input into system seasonally cancels C-cycling processes decadal Our findings reveal has indirectly affected via reduced availability this system, implying earth models including negative feedbacks may be best suited describe effects soils.

Language: Английский

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Temperature fluctuation promotes the thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 205 - 213

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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Temperature sensitivity of organic carbon decomposition in lake sediments is mediated by chemodiversity

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Organic carbon decomposition in lake sediments contributes substantially to the global cycle and is strongly affected by temperature. However, magnitude of temperature sensitivity ( Q 10 ) underlying factors remain unclear at continental scale. Carbon quality (CQT) hypothesis asserts that less reactive more recalcitrant molecules tend have higher sensitivities, but its support challenged complex composition organic matter environmental constraints. Here, we quantified across 50 freshwater ecosystems along a 3500 km north–south transect, characterized sediment dissolved with chemodiversity reflected molecular richness, functional traits (i.e., weight, bioavailability, etc.) composition. We further included classic variables, such as climatic, physicochemical microbial factors, explore how constrained these or quality. found varied greatly lakes, mean value 1.78 ± 0.62, showed nonsignificant latitudinal pattern. was primarily predicted an increasing trend biochemical recalcitrance indicated aromaticity standard Gibb's Free Energy both compositional levels. This suggests crucial determinant supporting CQT hypothesis. Moreover, decreased linearly increase implying resistance warming associated diversity. Compared structural equation model containing only inclusion increased 32.8% explained variation , driver showing direct effects. Collectively, this study illustrates importance shaping pattern has significant implications for accurately predicting turnover context warming.

Language: Английский

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Quantifying thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 6, 2023

Quantifying the rate of thermal adaptation soil microbial respiration is essential in determining potential for carbon cycle feedbacks under a warming climate. Uncertainty surrounding this topic stems part from persistent methodological issues and difficulties isolating interacting effects changes community responses availability. Here, we constructed series temperature response curves (given unlimited substrate) using soils sampled around New Zealand, including natural geothermal gradient, as proxy global warming. We estimated optima ([Formula: see text]) inflection point each curve found that occurred at 0.29 °C ± 0.04 1SE [Formula: text] 0.27 0.05 per degree Our results bolster previous findings indicating demonstrably offset warming, may help quantifying both limitation acceleration C losses depending on specific temperatures.

Language: Английский

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Soil microbial sensitivity to temperature remains unchanged despite community compositional shifts along geothermal gradients

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(23), P. 6217 - 6231

Published: Sept. 28, 2021

Abstract Climate warming may be exacerbated if rising temperatures stimulate losses of soil carbon to the atmosphere. The direction and magnitude this carbon‐climate feedback are uncertain, largely due lack knowledge thermal adaptation physiology composition microbial communities. Here, we applied macromolecular rate theory (MMRT) describe temperature response decomposition organic matter (SOM) in a natural long‐term experiment geothermally active area New Zealand. Our objective was test whether communities adapt with shift their that consistent evolutionary trade‐offs between enzyme structure function. We characterized community (using metabarcoding) SOM MMRT) soils sampled along transects increasing distance from zone comprising two biomes (a shrubland grassland) at depths (0–50 50–100 mm), such ambient concentration varied widely independently. found different environments were hosting distinct compositions, thermophile thermotolerant genera relative abundance temperature. However, had no detectable influence on MMRT parameters or sensitivity ( Q 10 ). were, however, strongly correlated carbon:nitrogen ratio. findings suggest that, while selects for warm‐adapted taxa, substrate quality quantity exert stronger than selecting traits. results have major implications our understanding role processes effects climate dynamics will help increase confidence projections.

Language: Английский

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Environmental changes drive soil microbial community assembly across arid alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

CATENA, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 228, P. 107175 - 107175

Published: April 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Model-driven insights into the effects of temperature on metabolism

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 108203 - 108203

Published: June 20, 2023

Temperature affects cellular processes at different spatiotemporal scales, and identifying the genetic molecular mechanisms underlying temperature responses paves way to develop approaches for mitigating effects of future climate scenarios. A systems view on physiology can be obtained by focusing metabolism since: (i) its functions depend transcription translation (ii) outcomes support organisms' development, growth, reproduction. Here we provide a systematic review modelling efforts directed investigating properties single biochemical reactions, system-level traits, metabolic subsystems, whole-cell across prokaryotes eukaryotes. We compare contrast computational theories that facilitate key enzymes their consideration in constraint-based as well kinetic models metabolism. In addition, summary insights from approaches, facilitating integration omics data temperature-modulated experiments with networks, resulting biotechnological applications. Lastly, perspective how types profit developments machine learning layers improve model-driven into relevant

Language: Английский

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Enhanced carbon use efficiency and warming resistance of soil microorganisms under organic amendment

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 109043 - 109043

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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