Integrating remote sensing with ecology and evolution to advance biodiversity conservation

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 506 - 519

Published: March 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Why can't we predict traits from the environment?

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(6), P. 1998 - 2004

Published: Oct. 29, 2022

Summary Plant functional traits are powerful ecological tools, but the relationships between plant and climate (or environmental variables more broadly) often remarkably weak. This presents a paradox: govern interactions with their environment, environment does not strongly predict of plants living there. Unpacking this paradox requires differentiating mechanisms trait variation potential confounds trait–environment at different evolutionary scales ranging from within species to among communities. It also necessitates integrated understanding physiological equifinality many strategies, challenges us understand how supposedly ‘functional’ integrate into whole‐organism phenotype in ways that may be largely orthogonal tolerances.

Language: Английский

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The impacts of rising vapour pressure deficit in natural and managed ecosystems

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(9), P. 3561 - 3589

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

An exponential rise in the atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is among most consequential impacts of climate change terrestrial ecosystems. Rising VPD has negative and cascading effects on nearly all aspects plant function including photosynthesis, water status, growth survival. These responses are exacerbated by land-atmosphere interactions that couple to soil govern evolution drought, affecting a range ecosystem services carbon uptake, biodiversity, provisioning resources crop yields. However, despite global nature this phenomenon, research how incorporate these into resilient management regimes largely its infancy, due part entanglement trends with those other co-evolving drivers. Here, we review mechanistic bases at spatial scales, paying particular attention independent interactive influence context environmental changes. We then evaluate consequences within key contexts, resources, croplands, wildfire risk mitigation natural grasslands forests. conclude recommendations describing could be altered mitigate otherwise highly deleterious rising VPD.

Language: Английский

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How woody plants adjust above‐ and below‐ground traits in response to sustained drought

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239(4), P. 1173 - 1189

Published: June 12, 2023

Future increases in drought severity and frequency are predicted to have substantial impacts on plant function survival. However, there is considerable uncertainty concerning what adjustment whether plants can adjust sustained drought. This review focuses woody synthesises the evidence for a selection of key above-ground below-ground traits. We assess evaluating single traits, or selections traits that operate same functional axis (e.g. photosynthetic traits) sufficient, multi-trait approach, integrating across multiple axes, required. conclude studies adjustments might overestimate capacity drier environments if spatial along gradients used, without complementary experimental approaches. provide common traits; however, this adaptive sufficient respond future droughts remains uncertain most species. To address uncertainty, we must move towards studying trait integration within axes below-ground) gain holistic view at whole-plant scale how these influence

Language: Английский

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Causes of widespread foliar damage from the June 2021 Pacific Northwest Heat Dome: more heat than drought

Tree Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 203 - 209

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Journal Article Causes of widespread foliar damage from the June 2021 Pacific Northwest Heat Dome: more heat than drought Get access C J Still, Still Department Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA Corresponding author ([email protected]) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8295-4494 Search for other works by this on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A Sibley, Sibley D DePinte, DePinte US Agriculture, Service, Region, & Private Forestry, Health Protection, Redmond, 97756, P E Busby, Busby Botany Plant Pathology, Harrington, Harrington Research Station, Olympia, WA 98512, M Schulze, Schulze R Shaw, Shaw Engineering, Resources, Management, Woodruff, Woodruff Rupp, Rupp Climate Change Institute, College Earth, Ocean, Atmospheric Sciences, Daly, Daly PRISM Group, Alliance Computational Science ... Show W Hammond, Hammond Agronomy Department, University Florida, Institute Food Agricultural Gainesville, FL 32611, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-810X G F Page Biodiversity Conservation Science, Biodiversity, Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia 6983, AustraliaCSIRO Land Water, 5, Wembley, 6913, Tree Physiology, Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 203–209, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpac143 Published: 05 January 2023 history Received: 08 2022 Accepted: 11 December Corrected typeset: 17

Language: Английский

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Plant Strategies

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 27, 2023

Abstract Plants have evolved a remarkable array of adaptive solutions to the existential problem survival and reproduction in world where disturbances can be deadly, resources are scarce, competition is cutthroat. inherited phenotypic traits that increased their chance success, these indicators strategies for establishment survival. A plant strategy thought as “how species sustains population” (Westoby, 1998, p. 214) because all successful must positive demographic outcomes habitats which they adapted. This book aims articulate coherent framework studying unifies demography with functional ecology advance prediction ecology. Central this traits: heritable morphological, physiological, phenological attributes plants influence therefore drive fitness differences among species.

Language: Английский

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A framework to study and predict functional trait syndromes using phylogenetic and environmental data

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 666 - 681

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract Traits do not evolve in isolation but often as part of integrated trait syndromes, yet the relative contributions environmental effects and evolutionary history on traits their correlations are easily resolved. In present study, we develop a methodological framework to elucidate eco‐evolutionary patterns functional syndromes. We so by separating amount variance covariance related phylogenetic heritage variables ( conservatism ), only non‐attributed ) evolutionarily labile ). Variance–covariance structures syndromes displayed networks. then use this guide newly derived imputation method based machine learning models that predict values for unsampled taxa, considering information well covariation. TrEvol is presented an R package providing unified set methodologies study multivariate improve our capacity impute values. To illustrate its use, leverage both simulated data species‐level hydraulics leaf economics spectrum, relation aridity index, demonstrating most can be attributed . This conceptual employed examine issues ranging from evolution adaptation at different depths intraspecific variation.

Language: Английский

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MEDFATE 2.9.3: a trait-enabled model to simulate Mediterranean forest function and dynamics at regional scales

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 3165 - 3201

Published: June 6, 2023

Abstract. Regional-level applications of dynamic vegetation models are challenging because they need to accommodate the variation in plant functional diversity, which requires moving away from broadly defined types. Different approaches have been adopted last years incorporate a trait-based perspective into modeling exercises. A common parametrization strategy involves using trait data represent between individuals while discarding taxonomic identity. However, this ignores phylogenetic signal and cannot be employed when predictions for specific taxa needed, such as inform forest management planning. An alternative adapting resolution model entities that source large-scale initialization estimating parameters available databases, adopting diverse solutions missing non-observable parameters. Here we report advantages limitations second according our experience development MEDFATE (version 2.9.3), novel cohort-based trait-enabled dynamics, its application over region western Mediterranean Basin. First, 217 were woody species codes Spanish National Forest Inventory. While inventory records used obtain some empirical parameter estimates, large proportion physiological, morphological, anatomical matched measured traits, with estimates extracted multiple databases averaged at required level. Estimates key obtained meta-modeling calibration Missing values addressed imputation procedures based on covariation, averages or both. The properly simulated observed historical changes basal area, performance similar an trained same region. strong efforts still parameterize taxa, intra-specific variability, estimation those presented here can progressively refined, transferred other regions iterated following by employing automated workflows. We advocate adoption population-structured regional-level projections function dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Are Plant Functional Types Fit for Purpose?

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Abstract For over 40 years, Plant Functional Types (PFTs) have been used to discretize the ∼400,000 species of terrestrial plants into “similar” classes. Within Earth System Models (ESMs), PFTs simplify biosphere modeling in combination with soil information and other site characteristics. However, flux analysis studies, PFT schemes are often implemented as sole analytical lens clarify complex behavior. This usage assumes that adequately enable a mapping between climate inputs outputs. Here, we show random forest models, trained using aggregated measurements from 245 eddy‐covariance sites, cannot accurately predict groupings, regardless nature scheme. Similarly, provide negligible benefit when regimes vice versa. While use classifications is convenient, our results suggest they do not aid skill, which has important implications for future studies.

Language: Английский

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Accounting for trait variability and coordination in predictions of drought‐induced range shifts in woody plants

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(1), P. 23 - 40

Published: July 27, 2023

Summary Functional traits offer a promising avenue to improve predictions of species range shifts under climate change, which will entail warmer and often drier conditions. Although the conceptual foundation linking with plant performance appears solid, predictive ability individual remains generally low. In this review, we address apparent paradox, emphasizing examples woody plants associated drought responses at species' rear edge. Low reflects fact not only that dynamics tend be complex multifactorial, as well uncertainty in identification relevant limited data availability, but also trait effects are scale‐ context‐dependent. The latter results from interactions among (e.g. compensatory effects) between them environment exposure), ultimately determine persistence colonization capacity. To confront complexity, more balanced coverage main functional dimensions involved (stress tolerance, resource use, regeneration dispersal) is needed, modelling approaches must developed explicitly account for: coordination hierarchical context; variability space time its relationship exposure; effect biotic an ecological community context.

Language: Английский

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