Universal beta-diversity–functioning relationships are neither observed nor expected

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(6), P. 532 - 544

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Grassland degradation amplifies the negative effect of nitrogen enrichment on soil microbial community stability

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Although nitrogen (N) enrichment is known to threaten the temporal stability of aboveground net primary productivity, it remains unclear how alters that belowground microbial abundance and whether its impact can be regulated by grassland degradation. Using data from N experiments at temperate grasslands with no, moderate, severe, extreme degradation degrees, we quantified soil (hereafter ‘microbial community stability’) using ratio mean quantitative PCR standard deviation over 4 years. Both bacterial fungal sharply decreased when input exceeded 30 g m −2 year −1 in non‐degraded grasslands, whereas a reduction this threshold occurred degraded grasslands. Microbial species diversity, asynchrony, associations jointly altered stability. Interestingly, linkages between plant were strengthened suggesting plants microbes might depend on each other keep stable communities harsh environments. Our findings highlighted importance regulating responses provided experimental evidence for understanding relationships

Language: Английский

---

Context‐dependent impact of changes in precipitation on the stability of grassland biomass

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 1185 - 1198

Published: March 10, 2024

Abstract Community stability plays a crucial role in ensuring the consistent provision of ecosystem services despite environmental changes, including alterations precipitation patterns. Over past decades, significant progress has been made understanding responses grassland plant communities and underlying mechanisms, defined as ratio temporal mean biomass to standard deviation. However, knowledge gap remains regarding whether impacts on are contingent upon specific contextual factors. Here, we examined above‐ below‐ground adjacent grass‐ shrub‐dominated through 7‐year manipulation experiment involving seven levels: 20%, 40% 60% decrease, well increase natural rainfall, addition ambient precipitation. We found that community was influenced by three factors magnitude directionality precipitation, type vegetation. In particular, higher more intense resulted above‐ground both communities. Conversely, intensity led decreased grass‐dominated but increased Species species asynchrony consistently played positive explaining negatively without comparable effect The preeminent contribution total identified biomass, evident Synthesis . This study highlights while effects changes may vary depending context, fundamental processes governing consistent. These findings elucidate desert steppe ecosystems' adaptive response variations emphasize their pivotal maintaining functions under climatic perturbations. Read free Plain Language Summary for this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

---

Mechanisms of biodiversity loss under nitrogen enrichment: unveiling a shift from light competition to cation toxicity

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 243(5), P. 1966 - 1979

Published: July 6, 2024

Summary The primary mechanisms contributing to nitrogen (N) addition induced grassland biodiversity loss, namely light competition and soil cation toxicity, are often examined separately in various studies. However, their relative significance governing loss along N gradient remains unclear. We conducted a 4‐yr field experiment with five rates (0, 2, 10, 20, 50 g m −2 yr −1 ) performed meta‐analysis using global data from 239 observations N‐fertilized ecosystems. Results our indicate that both (e.g. Mn 2+ Al 3+ toxicity contribute plant diversity under enrichment. importance of these varied enrichment intensity. Light played more significant role influencing species richness low (≤ 10 ), while became increasingly dominant reducing high (>10 ). Therefore, transition occurs increasing availability. These findings imply the is regulated by distinct mechanisms, necessitating adoption differential management strategies mitigate varying intensities

Language: Английский

---

Plants and soil biota co‐regulate stability of ecosystem multifunctionality under multiple environmental changes

Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 106(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The increase in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) inputs, as well soil acidification resulting from multiple environmental changes, has profound effects on the attributes of plant biota communities, ecosystem functions. However, how these community impact multifunctionality (EMF) its stability under changes remains unclear. By integrating datasets over four consecutive years an experiment with enrichments N P a semiarid grassland Mongolian Plateau, we explored (species richness, asynchrony, compositional temporal stability) plants (bacteria, fungi, nematodes) their associations EMF stability. showed opposite responses to nutrient enrichment non-acidification conditions. Soil had more significant effect biota, components stability, than enrichment. decreased both mean EMF, while increased EMF. did not have but positive interactive We also found that richness asynchrony determined co-regulate changes. These findings highlight urgent need protect biodiversity maintain especially for ecosystems undergoing

Language: Английский

---

Unifying spatial scaling laws of biodiversity and ecosystem stability

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6740)

Published: March 20, 2025

While both species richness and ecosystem stability increase with area, how these scaling patterns are linked remains unclear. Our theoretical empirical analyses of plant fish communities show that the spatial is determined primarily by asynchrony, which in turn driven richness. In wetter regions, exhibit faster accumulation implying potentially greater declines biodiversity following habitat loss. The decline after loss can be delayed, creating a debt mirroring extinction species. By unifying two foundational laws ecology, our work underscores ongoing may destabilize ecosystems across scales.

Language: Английский

---

Labile carbon inputs offset nitrogen-induced soil aggregate destabilization via enhanced growth of saprophytic fungi in a meadow steppe

Geoderma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 443, P. 116841 - 116841

Published: March 1, 2024

The formation and stability of soil aggregates affect plant growth, carbon sequestration, many other physiological biogeochemical processes. Aggregates may be destabilized by nitrogen (N) deposition due to decreased inputs binding materials; however, the legacy effects which are unknown. An increase in labile (C) input could mitigate negative impacts N addition on aggregate through improvement physical, chemical biological conditions. Using a field experiment with NH4NO3 at multiple levels meadow steppe, we terminated sixth year shifted applying C form sucrose three (C-0, C-200, C-2000 g m−2 y−1) for two years. Then examined size distribution associated properties. high historical rates proportion macroaggregates (>2000 μm) increased microaggregates (<250 μm), leading reduction mean weight diameter (MWD), an index aggregation stability. Labile offset hierarchy reversed N-induced changes MWD. did not pH exchangeable Ca2+, but microbial biomass (MBC) relative abundance saprotrophic fungi (SSF); whilst C-200 arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) only low (

Language: Английский

---

Enhanced foliar ¹⁵N enrichment with increasing nitrogen addition rates: Role of plant species and nitrogen compounds

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1591 - 1605

Published: Dec. 14, 2022

Determining the abundance of N isotope (δ15 N) in natural environments is a simple but powerful method for providing integrated information on cycling dynamics and status an ecosystem under exogenous inputs. However, whether input different compounds could differently impact plant growth their 15 signatures remains unclear. Here, response three dominant plants (Leymus chinensis, Carex duriuscula, Thermopsis lanceolata) to addition (NH4 HCO3 , urea, NH4 NO3 ) at multiple rates were assessed meadow steppe Inner Mongolia. The showed initial foliar δ15 values because differences acquisition strategies. Particularly, T. lanceolata (N2 -fixing species) significantly lower than L. chinensis (associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF]) C. duriuscula AMF). Moreover, all species increased increasing rates, sharp increase above rate ~10 g m-2 year-1 . Foliar higher when urea added was added, suggesting that adding weakly acidifying result more open cycle. Overall, our results imply assessing transformation processes context global deposition necessitates consideration forms deposited compounds, utilization strategies co-existing ecosystem.

Language: Английский

---

Asymmetric response of aboveground and belowground temporal stability to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in a Tibetan alpine grassland

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(24), P. 7072 - 7084

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Abstract Anthropogenic eutrophication is known to impair the stability of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), but its effects on belowground (BNPP) and total (TNPP) remain poorly understood. Based a nitrogen phosphorus addition experiment in Tibetan alpine grassland, we show that had little impact temporal ANPP, BNPP, TNPP, whereas reduced BNPP not ANPP. Significant interactive were observed ANPP because opposite under ambient enriched conditions. We found TNPP was primarily driven by rather than The responses cannot be predicted those stability, as variations nutrient, with increased while remained unaffected, resulted asymmetric their stability. dynamics grasses, most abundant plant functional group, instead community species diversity, largely contributed Under nutrient condition, synchronization grasses grass latter significant weak negative These findings challenge prevalent view diversity regulates ecosystem enrichment. Our also suggest ecological consequences enrichment accurately from components highlight need for better understanding dynamics.

Language: Английский

---

Opposing responses of temporal stability of aboveground and belowground net primary productivity to water and nitrogen enrichment in a temperate grassland

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

Abstract Changes in water and nitrogen availability, as important elements of global environmental change, are known to affect the temporal stability aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP). However, evidences for their effects on belowground (BNPP), whether such consistent between aboveground, rather scarce. Here, we investigated responses both ANPP BNPP addition based a 9‐year manipulative experiment temperate grassland northern China. The results showed that increased with but decreased addition. By contrast, enrichment. was mainly determined by soil moisture inorganic nitrogen, which modulated species asynchrony, well dominant species. On other hand, driven grasses, direct effect availability. Our study provides first evidence opposite highlighting importance considering components ecosystems more comprehensive understanding dynamics.

Language: Английский

---