Opposing effects of warming on the stability of above‐ and belowground productivity in facing an extreme drought event

Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 105(1)

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Climate warming, often accompanied by extreme drought events, could have profound effects on both plant community structure and ecosystem functioning. However, how warming interacts with to affect community- ecosystem-level stability remains a largely open question. Using data from manipulative experiment three treatments in an alpine meadow that experienced one event, we investigated modulates resistance recovery of structural functional facing drought. We found decreased aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) but increased belowground (BNPP), overall (NPP), recovery. The findings highlight the importance jointly considering above- processes when evaluating under global climate events. dominant species, rather than species richness asynchrony, was identified as key predictor recovery, except for BNPP In addition, common contributed strongly changes NPP. Importantly, dominated NPP, not ANPP, suggesting different mechanisms underlie maintenance versus productivity. This study is among first explain face lay stress need investigate ecological at level more mechanistic understanding response extremes.

Language: Английский

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Plant biodiversity responds more strongly to climate warming and anthropogenic activities than microbial biodiversity in the Qinghai–Tibetan alpine grasslands

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112(1), P. 110 - 125

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Abstract Biodiversity serves as the fundamental underpinning for ecosystem functions and services. As a result of human‐induced global change, there is growing awareness substantial alterations in terrestrial above‐ground biodiversity, particularly within alpine regions. However, it remains uncertain whether below‐ground biodiversity will exhibit similar responses, both terms magnitude manner, to anthropogenic changes biodiversity. Here, we conducted meta‐analysis assess impacts warming, nutrient addition grazing on plant soil microbial grasslands Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, which are known be climate‐sensitive vulnerable. The analysis included 819 experimental observations from 152 studies, focussing species richness, Shannon diversity Pielou's evenness. We found that exhibited greater sensitivity climate warming activities compared with Specifically, richness were reduced by addition, while evenness was increased grazing. only slightly. responses modulated multiple factors. negative effects more pronounced long‐term experiments under warmer or drier environmental conditions. nitrogen enhanced intensity duration treatment. Appropriate frequency beneficial sustaining Soil weakly regulated, where bacterial sensitive fungal Synthesis . Our findings reveal mismatch between response grasslands, being sensitive. In context future may at risk than different conditions should distinguished, attention needed conservation steppe, areas conditions, high‐intensity fertilization heavy

Language: Английский

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A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests

Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(5)

Published: March 24, 2024

Abstract Biodiversity can stabilize ecological communities through biological insurance, but climate and other environmental changes may disrupt this process via simultaneous ecosystem destabilization biodiversity loss. While to diversity–stability relationships (DSRs) the underlying mechanisms have been extensively explored in terrestrial plant communities, topic remains largely unexplored benthic marine ecosystems that comprise diverse assemblages of producers consumers. By analyzing two decades kelp forest survey data, we discovered diversity, stability, their at multiple scales (biological organizational levels, spatial scales, functional groups) were linked with most severe heatwave ever documented North Pacific Ocean. Moreover, strength DSRs during/after more apparent among groups than both levels (population vs. levels) (local broad scales). Specifically, decreased for fishes, increased mobile invertebrates understory algae, unchanged sessile heatwave. Our findings suggest plays a key role stabilizing ecosystems, resilience adverse impacts primarily depends on identities communities.

Language: Английский

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Differential responses of soil phosphorus fractions to varied nitrogen compound additions in a meadow steppe

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 369, P. 122337 - 122337

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Labile Carbon Input Mitigates the Negative Legacy Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in a Temperate Grassland

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 456 - 456

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Nitrogen (N) deposition and carbon (C) addition significantly influence the dynamics of plant–microbe interactions, particularly altering symbiotic relationship between plants arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, effects underlying mechanisms labile C input on AMF various plant species in a nitrogen-enriched environment remain knowledge gap. A seven-year field experiment was conducted to examine how six levels N three impact colonization four key species: Leymus chinensis (Trin. ex Bunge) Tzvelev, Stipa baicalensis Roshev., Thermopsis lanceolata R. Br. Potentilla bifurca Linn. Our results showed that additions exert different species. Labile mitigated historical negative effects, for S. baicalensis, enhancing infection promoting nutrient exchange under high-N low-C conditions. The both L. T. changed weak mutualism low-N high-C conditions, with significant decreases vesicular abundance. Plant root stoichiometry plays critical role modulating symbiosis, -C as reflected increased observed P. bifurca. findings emphasize species-specific nutrient-dependent revealing targeted can mitigate legacy enrichment. Effective management is crucial importance ecological restoration efforts temperate grasslands affected by long-term

Language: Английский

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Labile carbon input alleviates nitrogen‐induced community instability in a meadow steppe

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Abstract Global nitrogen (N) deposition continues to threaten plant diversity and ecosystem stability despite a recent slowdown in its increasing rates. Labile carbon (C) may help reduce excess N by alleviating microbial C starvations, but their role mitigating the harmful effects of enrichment remains unclear. In meadow steppe northern China, we conducted 9‐year (2014–2022) field experiment with six levels historical addition (0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 g m −2 year −1 , 2014–2019) three labile 200, 2000 ). Three years after ceasing treatments (2020–2022), above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP) remained high under addition. However, species richness community continued decline reduced dominance certain within while it enhanced asynchrony below‐ground (BNPP). Boosted regression tree models indicated that inputs improved enhancing BNPP, which increased relative importance BNPP from 7.5% 27.4% as input rose. Synthesis . Our results highlight how can counteract negative impacts on via plant‐microbe competition biomass allocation.

Language: Английский

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Effects of nitrogen deposition on temporal stability and resistance of the alpine steppe plant communities on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387, P. 109629 - 109629

Published: March 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Disturbance and Fertilisation on Plant Community Synchrony, Biodiversity and Stability Through Succession

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Global change drivers alter multiple components of community composition, with cascading impacts on ecosystem stability. However, it remains largely unknown how interactions among global will synchrony, especially across successional timescales. We analysed a 22-year time series grassland data from Cedar Creek, USA, to examine the joint effects pulse soil disturbance and press nitrogen addition richness, evenness stability during transient post-transient periods succession. Using regression structural equation modelling, we found that decreased both synchrony stability, thereby weakening negative synchrony-stability relationship. evidence portfolio effect transience, but once communities settled restructured state post-transience, diversity no longer influenced Differences between underscore need for long-term inform management under ongoing change.

Language: Английский

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Mycelium biomass and community composition impact nutrient concentration in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at fine spatial scale

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Abstract The dynamic exchange of carbon (C) and nutrients between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi their host plants is crucial for shaping the spatial heterogeneity within hyphal network. This influenced not only by mycelial growth its interactions with but also variability soil nutrients. Despite importance, network factors driving this remain poorly understood. In field plant–AM interactions, many studies have predominantly concentrated on large‐scale patterns, disregarding at fine scales potentially missing vital insights into nutrient AM fungi. We conducted an experiment to quantify plant–soil–mycelia a gridded 2 × m quadrat. Hyphal in‐growth bags were installed extract pure mycelium. concentrations C ([C]), nitrogen ([N]), phosphorus ([P]) in both plant mycelium tissues measured. Additionally, fungal community from extracted hyphae was sequenced assess composition. Mycelium [N] [P] ranged 2.18% 3.37% 0.99% 4.46%, respectively, variations much higher than those shoot root tissues. stored significant amounts nutrients, particularly (2.27% average), levels exceeding found tissue over 20‐fold. [C] or concentration negatively correlated, while positively correlated biomass. suggests that primary factor behind biomass, which somewhat species Investigating enhances our understanding cycling ecosystems. research highlights importance studying functional traits introduces concept could serve as underground P reservoirs. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Climate Variability Modulates the Temporal Stability of Carbon Sequestration by Changing Multiple Facets of Biodiversity in Temperate Forests Across Scales

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Climate variability poses a significant threat to ecosystem function and stability. Previous studies suggest that multiple facets of biodiversity enhance the temporal stability forest functioning through compensatory effects. However, as climate change intensifies, two key questions remain unresolved: (1) mechanisms by which different sustain carbon sequestration across spatial scales (2) how influences at scales. In this study, based on data from 262 natural communities in temperate forests northeastern China, we aggregated metacommunities varying extents. Using ordinary‐least squares regression, examined relationships between (hereafter, “stability”) We then employed mixed‐effects models assess influence biotic Additionally, applied piecewise structural equation modeling disentangle among variability, biodiversity, Our findings indicate (taxonomic, functional, phylogenetic diversity) primarily insurance Temperature was negatively correlated with all facets, declines were associated reduced Precipitation contrast, α diversity but positively β facets. Unexpectedly, precipitation exhibited an overall positive correlation These results increasing temperature may pose greater ecosystems future. Thus, preserving will be critical for mitigating adverse effects warming. Furthermore, impact cannot overlooked arid semi‐arid regions. study provides novel insights into conservation under global change.

Language: Английский

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