Reply on RC3 DOI Creative Commons
Chad Burton

Published: May 17, 2024

Abstract. Long-term, reliable datasets of satellite-based vegetation condition are essential for understanding terrestrial ecosystem responses to global environmental change, particularly in Australia which is characterised by diverse ecosystems and strong interannual climate variability. We comprehensively evaluate several existing AVHRR NDVI products their suitability long-term monitoring Australia. Comparisons with MODIS highlight significant deficiencies, over densely vegetated regions. Moreover, all the assessed failed adequately reproduce inter-annual variability pre-MODIS era as indicated Landsat anomalies. To address these limitations, we propose a new approach calibrating harmonising NOAA’s Climate Data Record MCD43A4 using gradient-boosting decision tree ensemble method. Two versions developed, one incorporating data predictors (‘AusENDVI-clim’: Australian Empirical NDVI-climate) another independent (‘AusENDVI-noclim’). These datasets, spanning 1982–2013 at spatial resolution 0.05°, exhibit correlation low relative errors compared NDVI, accurately reproducing seasonal cycles Furthermore, they closely replicate era. A method gap-filling AusENDVI record also developed that leverages climate, atmospheric CO2 concentration, woody cover fraction predictors. The resulting synthetic dataset shows excellent agreement observations. Finally, provide complete 41-year where gap filled from January 1982 February 2000 seamlessly joined March December 2022. Analysing 40-year per-pixel trends Australia’s annual maximum revealed increasing values across most continent. shifts timing peak identified, underscoring dataset's potential crucial questions regarding changing phenology its drivers. can be used studying Australia's dynamics downstream impacts on carbon water cycles, provides foundation further research into drivers change. open access available https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10802704 (Burton, 2024).

Language: Английский

Joint optimization of land carbon uptake and albedo can help achieve moderate instantaneous and long-term cooling effects DOI Creative Commons
Alexander Graf, Georg Wohlfahrt, Sergio Aranda-Barranco

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Abstract Both carbon dioxide uptake and albedo of the land surface affect global climate. However, climate change mitigation by increasing can cause a warming trade-off decreasing albedo, with most research focusing on afforestation its interaction snow. Here, we present observations from 176 globally distributed flux stations. We demonstrate gradual decline in maximum achievable annual as increases, even within subgroups non-forest snow-free ecosystems. Based paired-site permutation approach, quantify likely impact use albedo. Shifting to attainable at each site would moderate net for first approximately 20 years, followed strong cooling effect. A balanced policy co-optimizing is possible that avoids any timescale, but results weaker long-term

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Near-surface remote sensing applications for a robust, climate-smart measurement, monitoring, and information system (MMIS) DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Mallory L. Barnes, Matthew P. Dannenberg

et al.

Carbon Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

To reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) impact, the United States government plans GHG Measurement, Monitoring, and Information System (MMIS) activities to better quantify sources sinks in natural, forested, agricultural ecosystems. The national strategy discusses several areas where a robust MMIS can be strengthened by near-surface remote sensing (RS) technology—i.e. non-contact measurement of electromagnetic signals sensors mounted near ground, on towers, or drones. Here, we outline specific applications RS for an MMIS, using tools presently available offering guidance improvements needed expansion their applications. Near-surface help carbon stocks assessing vegetation structure function, it inform cross-scale understanding ecosystem processes properties. integration into will overcome some limitations uncertainties current cycle accounting methods project implementation. Development robust, standardized systems accomplished through transdisciplinary partnerships among agencies, academics, land managers, private sector. result hasten achievement objectives improved bottom-up top-down estimation accessibility standardization data measurements.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advancing broadscale spatial evapotranspiration modelling by incorporating sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence measurements DOI Creative Commons
Sicong Gao, Pamela L. Nagler, William Woodgate

et al.

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 133404 - 133404

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Empirical upscaling of OzFlux eddy covariance for high-resolution monitoring of terrestrial carbon uptake in Australia DOI Creative Commons
Chad Burton, Luigi J. Renzullo, Sami W. Rifai

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(19), P. 4109 - 4134

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Abstract. We develop high-resolution (1 km) estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net exchange (NEE) over the Australian continent for period January 2003 to June 2022 by empirical upscaling flux tower measurements. compare our with nine other products that cover three broad categories define current methods estimating terrestrial carbon cycle assess if consiliences between datasets can point correct dynamics Australia's cycle. Our results indicate regional greatly improves upon existing global efforts, outperforms process-based models, agrees much better CO2 Australia as estimated two atmospheric inversions. nearly 20-year fluxes revealed is a strong sink −0.44 PgC yr−1 (interquartile range, IQR = 0.42 yr−1) on average, an inter-annual variability 0.18 average seasonal amplitude 0.85 yr−1. Annual mean uptake from ranged considerably, while anomalies showed agreement methods. NEE were predominately driven cumulative rainfall deficits surpluses, resulting in larger anomalous responses GPP than ER. In contrast, we show long-term dictated more ER GPP, peak typically occurring during cooler, drier austral autumn winter months. This new estimate provides benchmark assessment against land surface model simulations means monitoring at unprecedented high resolution. call this “AusEFlux” (Australian Empirical Fluxes).

Language: Английский

Citations

9
A Comprehensive Assessment of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources and Sinks of Australasia's Carbon Budget DOI Creative Commons
Yohanna Villalobos, Josep G. Canadell, Elizabeth D. Keller

et al.

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract Regional carbon budget assessments attribute and track changes in sources sinks support the development monitoring efficacy of climate policies. We present a comprehensive assessment natural anthropogenic (C‐CO 2 ) fluxes for Australasia as whole, well Australia New Zealand individually, period from 2010 to 2019, using two approaches: bottom‐up methods that integrate flux estimates land‐surface models, data‐driven inventory estimates; top‐down atmospheric inversions based on satellite situ measurements. Our decadal suggests Australasia's net balance was close neutral (−0.4 ± 77.0 TgC yr −1 ). However, substantial uncertainties remain this estimate, primarily driven by large spread between our regional terrestrial biosphere simulations predictions global ecosystem models. Within Australasia, source 38.2 75.8 , CO sink −38.6 13.4 . The approach indicates derived latest retrievals are consistent within range with Australia's budget. For Zealand, best agreement found national scale inversion estimate measurements, which provide better constrained than inversions. This study marks an important step toward more understanding both countries, facilitating improvement accounting approaches strategies reduce emissions.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Thermal performance of historic buildings in Mexico: An analysis of passive systems under the influence of climate change DOI Open Access
Claudia Eréndira Vázquez-Torres, David Bienvenido-Huertas, Arash Beizaee

et al.

Energy Sustainable Development/Energy for sustainable development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 100 - 113

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Aerodynamic effects cause higher forest evapotranspiration and water yield reductions after wildfires in tall forests DOI Creative Commons
Naika Meili, Jason Beringer, Jiacheng Zhao

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Abstract Wildfires are increasing in frequency, intensity, and extent globally due to climate change they can alter forest composition, structure, function. The destruction subsequent regrowth of young vegetation modify the ecosystem evapotranspiration downstream water availability. However, response recovery on hydrology is not well known with even sign yield changes following fires being uncertain across globe. Here, we quantify effects after catastrophic wildfires runoff world's tallest angiosperm ( Eucalyptus regnans ) Australia. We combine eddy covariance measurements including pre‐ post‐fire periods, mechanistic ecohydrological modeling then extend analysis spatially multiple eucalypt‐dominated forests south‐eastern Australia by utilizing remote sensing. find a fast which reaches exceeds pre‐fire values within 2 years bushfire, result confirmed data, sensing, modeling. Such likely generalizable tall eucalypt as shown Once variability discounted, shows rates from recovering reach peak +20% 3 post‐fire. As result, modeled decreases substantially. Contrary previous research, that increase largely caused aerodynamic much shorter height leading higher surface temperature, humidity gradients therefore increased transpiration. increases constrained energy limitations. Our an warming could occur many parts world experiencing disturbances.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Variation in Zero Plane Displacement and Roughness Length for Momentum Revisited DOI Creative Commons
Ashvath Singh Kunadi, Richard Silberstein, Sally Thompson

et al.

Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 190(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract Zero plane displacement height ( $$d_0$$ d 0 ) and momentum roughness length $$z_{0m}$$ z m ), describe the aerodynamic characteristics of a vegetated surface. Usually, are assumed to be constant functions physical Prior evidence collected from literature our examination flux tower data show that vary in time at sites with tree shrub canopies, but not grasslands. The conventional explanations these variations based on linear wind velocity friction velocity, little theoretical basis. This study explains variation parameters by matching four analytical canopy models logarithmic above-canopy profile height. come out as 2 non-dimensional terms, absorption capacity (parameter) (measurable) Péclet number. To test theories variation, we analysed profiles Ozflux Ameriflux sites. None could recreate half-hourly intervals. However, were able better distribution . Additionally, estimates varied consistently phenological changes whereas, fitting regression using speed did exhibit physically interpretable variations. may offer predictions an accurate estimation height, horizontally homogeneous rigid canopy, incorporation sublayer.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Coupled models of water and carbon cycles from leaf to global: A retrospective and a prospective DOI Creative Commons
Ying‐Ping Wang, Lu Zhang, Xu Liang

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 358, P. 110229 - 110229

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Variable influence of photosynthetic thermal acclimation on future carbon uptake in Australian wooded ecosystems under climate change DOI Creative Commons
Alison C. Bennett, Jürgen Knauer, Lauren T. Bennett

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Abstract Climate change will impact gross primary productivity (GPP), net (NPP), and carbon storage in wooded ecosystems. The extent of be influenced by thermal acclimation photosynthesis—the ability plants to adjust photosynthetic rates response growth temperatures—yet regional differences effects among ecosystems is currently unknown. We examined the changing climate on 17 Australian with without C3 photosynthesis. Ecosystems were drawn from five ecoregions (tropical savanna, tropical forest, Mediterranean woodlands, temperate forests) that span Australia's climatic range. used CABLE‐POP land surface model adapted functions forced HadGEM2‐ES projections RCP8.5. For each site ecoregion we (a) GPP, NPP, live tree storage; (b) impacts photosynthesis simulated changes. Between end historical (1976–2005) projected (2070–2099) periods annual uptake increased majority 26.1%–63.3% for GPP 15%–61.5% NPP. Thermal further NPP savannas 27.2% 22.4% 11% 10.1% forests positive concentrated wet season savannas) warmer months forests). predicted minimal forests. Overall, strongly enhanced increasing CO 2 concentrations under conclude direct enhance (likely due enrichment) benefits restricted ecoregions.

Language: Английский

Citations

6