Towards establishing a fungal economics spectrum in soil saprobic fungi

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 18, 2024

Abstract Trait-based frameworks are promising tools to understand the functional consequences of community shifts in response environmental change. The applicability these soil microbes is limited by a lack trait data and focus on categorical traits. To address this gap for an important group microorganisms, we identify trade-offs underlying fungal economics spectrum based large collection 28 saprobic isolates, derived from common grassland grown culture plates. In dataset, ecologically relevant variation best captured three-dimensional space. primary explanatory axis represents dense-fast continuum, resembling dominant life-history other taxa. A second significant reflects mycelial flexibility, third one carbon acquisition All three axes correlate with traits involved cycling. Since stress tolerance fundamental niche gradients primarily related 2nd (carbon-use efficiency) especially 3rd (decomposition) orthogonal independent tested stressors. These findings suggest space which can now be at broader scales.

Language: Английский

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How, not if, is the question mycologists should be asking about DNA-based typification

MycoKeys, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 143 - 157

Published: April 10, 2023

Fungal metabarcoding of substrates such as soil, wood, and water is uncovering an unprecedented number fungal species that do not seem to produce tangible morphological structures defy our best attempts at cultivation, thus falling outside the scope International Code Nomenclature for algae, fungi, plants. The present study uses new, ninth release hypotheses UNITE database show discovery through environmental sequencing vastly outpaces traditional, Sanger sequencing-based efforts in a strongly increasing trend over last five years. Our findings challenge stance some mycological community - current situation satisfactory no change needed "the code" suggest we should be discussing whether allow DNA-based descriptions (typifications) by extension higher ranks but what precise requirements typifications be. We submit tentative list criteria further discussion. authors hope revitalized deepened discussion on typification, because us it seems harmful counter-productive intentionally deny overwhelming majority extant fungi formal standing under

Language: Английский

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Fungalpedia, an illustrated compendium of the fungi and fungus-like taxa

Mycosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 1835 - 1959

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Fungalpedia is an online illustrated compendium of the fungi and fungus-like taxa.In this database we provide notes on genera higher taxa definitions descriptions terms generally used in mycology.Where possible are enhanced with plates drawings to make easier understand.In case genera, 1) habit, host lifestyle, 2) level classification, 3) genes other evidence support genus, 4) main characters, 5) a critical assessment genus its placement, 6) photographic and/or characters genus.For give similar information but drawing will not be provided.For various explanations diagrams facilitate understanding.We also accounts eminent mycologists both living deceased.We methodology biotechnology.Although many entries by invited authors published scientific papers, interested persons welcome contribute modify existing entries.Those should contact lead author.

Language: Английский

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Revisiting soil fungal biomarkers and conversion factors: Interspecific variability in phospholipid fatty acids, ergosterol and rDNA copy numbers

Soil Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(4)

Published: April 12, 2024

Abstract Refined conversion factors for soil fungal biomarkers are proposed. High interspecific variability is present in all biomarkers. A modeling approach supports the validity of biomarker estimates diverse soils. ITS1 copies vary strongly, but fungal-specific with least phylogenetic bias. combination will reveal physiology and activity. The abundances fungi bacteria used as simple predictors carbon dynamics, represent widely available microbial traits. Soil serve quantitative these groups, though not quantifying biomass per se. accurate to pools, an understanding its comparability among soils therefore needed. We refined classical biomarkers, evaluated application PCR (qPCR, rDNA copies) a fungi. Based on contents pure cultures 30 isolates tested here, combined comparable published datasets, we propose average 95.3 g C −1 ergosterol, 32.0 mg µmol PLFA 18:2ω6,9 0.264 pg DNA copy . As expected, was most pronounced copies, qPCR results showed based exemplary agricultural further supported hypothesis that high diversity buffers against variability, whereas also biases impact accuracy comparisons estimates. Our analyses suggest cover community best, only partly offset highly ergosterol quantify Ascomycota Basidiomycota To conclude, ecological interpretation coverage data prior their global models important, where different may be insightful.

Language: Английский

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Global Metrics for Terrestrial Biodiversity

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 673 - 709

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Biodiversity metrics are increasingly in demand for informing government, business, and civil society decisions. However, it is not always clear to end users how these differ or what purpose they best suited. We seek answer questions using a database of 573 biodiversity-related metrics, indicators, indices, layers, which address aspects genetic diversity, species, ecosystems. provide examples indicators their uses within the state–pressure–response–benefits framework that widely used conservation science. Considering complementarity across this framework, we recommend small number considered most pertinent use decision-making by governments businesses. conclude highlighting five future directions: increasing importance national ensuring wider uptake business agreeing on minimum set government use, automating metric calculation through technology, generating sustainable funding production.

Language: Английский

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Dual mycorrhizal associations in tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) differ between Australian temperate shrublands and subtropical forests

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) is an economically important crop with a narrow natural distribution in eastern Australia. Coastal and upland tea ecotypes have been identified based on unique shoot root traits, but their mycorrhizal associations remain unknown. Dual mycorrhization—the ability of plants to associate both arbuscular (AM) ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi—is particularly common among Australian Myrtaceae, including Melaleuca species, has not yet investigated tree. We the three coastal two populations using ITS2 metabarcoding anatomical observations. Our results revealed that dual plant, showing variability symbioses ecotypes. ECM percentage colonisation was significantly lower ecotype compared ecotype, despite exhibiting higher levels fungal richness. In contrast, richness AM order Glomerales than comparable were observed between these Mycorrhizal community composition also differed study provides evidence species can host fungi simultaneously within individual plants. findings suggest vary across native habitats, which differ climate, soil characteristics, vegetation structure.

Language: Английский

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生态系统中真菌生物量对土壤稳定碳库的贡献

SCIENTIA SINICA Terrae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

Science China Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Soil microbial communities in dry and moist tropical forests exhibit distinct shifts in community composition but not diversity with succession

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

ABSTRACT Soil microbial communities are integral to ecosystem function but our understanding of how they respond secondary succession in fragmented landscapes is limited, particularly tropical dry forests. We used DNA metabarcoding evaluate successional changes soil bacteria and fungi, comparing land managed for cattle, young, older forests at moist sites the Republic Panama. highlight key functional groups microbes that interact with plants, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), nitrogen-fixing bacteria, plant pathogenic fungi. Plant diversity was higher site increased as changed both sites. By contrast, bacterial similar across stages, while overall fungal site, it also showed no either site. However, community composition did change, pastures having distinct young often displaying transitional ones. Functional contrasting patterns between sites, forest a Nitrogen-fixing despite lower densities legumes, different AMF, much incidence putative pathogens than Our findings importance looking aboveground belowground effects together demonstrate predictions generated may not apply These results inform restoration climate-resilient IMPORTANCE Secondary important components neotropical help shape these services provide. This study demonstrates can recover reassemble after only 20 years natural following removal cattle. seen always belowground. were more predictable where patchiness landscape likely restricts dispersal plants microbes. preserving remaining host unique biodiversity drought conditions. As shifts influence establishment, productivity, other aspects functioning during communities,

Language: Английский

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Spatiotemporal dynamics reveal high turnover and contrasting assembly processes in fungal communities across contiguous habitats of tropical forests

Environmental Microbiome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Abstract Background The variation in fungal community composition within a single habitat space has been extensively studied forest ecosystems. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of fungi across contiguous habitats, particularly at local scale tropical regions, remains underexplored. In this study, we examined multiple habitats proximal to each other over two seasons seven Fagaceae species Taiwanese broadleaf forests. We tested how influence assembly. Results Using metabarcoding approach, sequenced ITS2 regions from 864 samples collected four distinct habitats—leaves, twigs, litter, soil. identified 11,600 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), with differing significantly between other. Generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM) revealed that distance, interacting precipitation, was strongest predictor turnover, phyllosphere. Normalized Stochasticity Ratio (NST) analyses further highlighted contrasting assembly processes, deterministic influences dominating phyllosphere habitat, while stochasticity prevailed soil litter. Random analysis accurately classified based on ASVs’ relative abundances, strong predictors were mostly habitat-specific ASVs prevalent Misclassified due secondary contact adjacent habitats. Co-occurrence network more complex networks leaf twig driven by stochastic processes contained most ASVs. A Cladosporium sp. emerged as keystone species, maintaining stability Conclusion This study reveals shape communities forests, some playing key role others. show extremely high turnover are present very short distances taxa predictors. These findings highlight importance studying coexisting gain deeper understanding biogeography ecosystem function.

Language: Английский

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