The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
958, P. 178124 - 178124
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
Many
freshwater
systems
are
continuously
exposed
to
waste
streams
like
municipal
wastewater
and
agricultural
runoff,
leading
exposure
chemicals
that
can
cause
mortality
behavioural
changes
in
aquatic
organisms.
While
research
has
advanced
our
understanding
of
pesticide
effects
on
behaviour
organisms,
the
impacts
pharmaceuticals
less
understood.
Psychopharmaceuticals
particularly
interesting
because
they
act
nervous
systems,
potentially
affecting
Sublethal
be
crucial
ecotoxicological
for
environmental
often
detected
below
lethal
concentrations.
Gammarids,
especially
Gammarus
pulex,
widely
used
studies
due
their
ecological
role
sensitivity
pollutants.
This
study
aims
evaluate
six
swimming
endpoints
G.
pulex
compared
conventional
immobility
mortality,
using
different
with
distinct
modes
action:
insecticides
imidacloprid
chlorpyrifos
carbamazepine
citalopram.
After
a
2-hour
exposure,
mobile
organisms
were
assessed
speed,
acceleration,
curvature,
thigmotaxis
startle
response
(magnitude
duration).
Our
reveals
exhibits
varied
responses
chemical
indicate
harmful
not
consistently
more
sensitive
than
traditional
endpoints,
such
as
mortality.
The
show
development
without
prior
sublethal
effects,
suggesting
limited
utility
early
warning
indicators.
In
contrast,
citalopram
demonstrate
adverse
through
before
occur.
Further
is
essential
understand
mechanisms
underlying
these
varying
sensitivities
compounds,
emphasising
importance
considering
both
type
endpoint
relevance
toxicity
testing
protocols.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56(22), P. 15920 - 15929
Published: Oct. 25, 2022
In
the
face
of
global
climate
change,
where
temperature
fluctuations
and
frequency
extreme
weather
events
are
increasing,
it
is
needed
to
evaluate
impact
on
ecological
risk
assessment
chemicals.
Current
state-of-the-art
mechanistic
effect
models,
such
as
toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic
(TK–TD)
often
do
not
explicitly
consider
a
modulating
factor.
This
study
implemented
in
widely
used
modeling
framework,
General
Unified
Threshold
model
for
Survival
(GUTS).
We
tested
using
data
from
toxicokinetic
toxicity
experiments
with
Gammarus
pulex
exposed
insecticides
imidacloprid
flupyradifurone.
The
revealed
increased
TK
rates
increasing
under
chronic
exposures.
Using
Arrhenius
equation,
we
could
include
influence
into
modeling.
By
further
testing
different
approaches,
differences
scaling
TD
parameters
be
identified,
urging
investigations
underlying
mechanisms.
Finally,
our
results
show
that
predictions
TK–TD
models
improve
if
explicitly.
Environmental Sciences Europe,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Abstract
Background
Glyphosate
is
a
broad-spectrum,
non-selective
systemic
herbicide
with
commonly
assumed
low
potential
for
accumulation
in
biota.
Nevertheless,
glyphosate
has
been
shown
to
bioaccumulate
the
tissues
of
several
organisms.
To
understand
bioconcentration
dynamics
fish,
brown
trout
(
Salmo
trutta
forma
fario
)
different
age
were
exposed
concentrations
glyphosate,
formulation
Roundup®
LB
Plus,
and
major
transformation
product
aminomethylphosphonic
acid
(AMPA)
two,
three,
or
four
weeks
at
temperatures
laboratory.
Mortality
rates
determined,
tissue
samples
collected
end
experiment
ascertain
AMPA
residues
by
liquid
chromatography
coupled
mass
spectrometry
(LC–MS/MS).
Results
Brown
mortality
during
exposure
was
considerably
higher
15
°C
than
7
°C.
Also,
significant
increase
containing
muscle,
head,
backbone,
caudal
fin
increasing
observed.
Six-month-old
fish
contained
more
per
kg
wet
weight
after
ten-month-old
fish.
The
factors
(BCFs)
much
°C,
but
both
cases
decreased
concentrations.
BCF
formulated
one
parent
compound.
Approximately
30–42%
organ-absorbed
remained
even
when
kept
clean
water
lacking
test
substances
three
termination
exposure.
Conclusion
Our
study
demonstrated
that
there
an
interaction
between
ambient
temperature
terms
toxicity.
Further
it
surrounding
media
lead
significantly
increased
these
tissues,
although
neither
nor
bioaccumulation
animal
expected
due
high
solubility
this
chemical.
As
consequence,
uptake
humans
through
consumption
contaminated
edible
very
likely.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
29(5), P. 1390 - 1406
Published: Nov. 30, 2022
The
acceleration
of
global
climate
change
draws
increasing
attention
towards
interactive
effects
temperature
and
organic
contaminants.
Many
studies
reported
a
higher
sensitivity
aquatic
invertebrates
contaminant
exposure
with
or
fluctuating
temperatures.
hypothesis
this
study
was
that
the
is
associated
changes
toxicokinetic
processes
determine
internal
concentrations
contaminants
consequently
toxic
effects.
Therefore,
influence
on
underlying
mechanisms
were
studied
in
two
key
amphipod
species
(Gammarus
pulex
Hyalella
azteca).
Bioconcentration
experiments
carried
out
at
four
different
temperatures
mixture
12
relevant
polar
Tissue
medium
samples
taken
regular
intervals
analysed
by
online
solid-phase
extraction
liquid
chromatography
high-resolution
tandem
mass
spectrometry.
Subsequently,
rates
modelled
dependence
using
Arrhenius
equation.
An
exponential
relationship
between
versus
observed
could
be
well
depicted
applying
Due
to
similar
uptake
elimination
rates,
bioconcentration
factors
generally
constant
across
range.
Furthermore,
respiration
mostly
similar.
However,
some
cases
(citalopram,
cyprodinil),
factor
appeared
dependent,
which
potentially
explained
active
biotransformation.
toxicokinetics
may
particularly
non-equilibrated
systems,
such
as
peaks
summer
exemplified
modelling
field
measured
pesticide
peak
where
increased
up
fourfold
along
gradient.
results
provide
novel
insights
into
chemical
uptake,
biotransformation
scenarios
can
improve
environmental
risk
assessment.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(4)
Published: March 31, 2024
Abstract
Freshwaters
are
highly
threatened
ecosystems
that
vulnerable
to
chemical
pollution
and
climate
change.
Freshwater
taxa
vary
in
their
sensitivity
chemicals
changes
species
composition
can
potentially
affect
the
of
assemblages
exposure.
Here
we
explore
potential
consequences
future
change
on
freshwater
macroinvertebrate
stressors
using
UK
as
a
case
study.
Macroinvertebrate
under
end
century
(2080–2100)
baseline
(1980–2000)
conditions
were
predicted
for
608
sites
four
scenarios
corresponding
mean
temperature
1.28
3.78°C.
toxicity
data
collated
19
hierarchical
distribution
model
was
used
predict
untested
relatedness
within
Bayesian
approach.
All
shifted
assemblage
compositions,
increasing
prevalence
Mollusca,
Crustacea
Oligochaeta
species,
insect
Odonata,
Chironomidae,
Baetidae
species.
Contrastingly,
decreases
projected
Plecoptera,
Ephemeroptera
(except
Baetidae)
Coleoptera
Shifts
taxonomic
associated
with
percentage
at
risk
from
For
3.78°C
scenario,
76%
all
became
more
sensitive
18
chemicals,
increased.
Climate
warming‐induced
increases
greatest
exposed
metals
dependent
composition,
which
varied
spatially.
warming
is
result
use,
environmental
exposure
chemicals.
show
that,
even
absence
these
climate‐chemical
interactions,
shifts
due
will
increase
impact
biodiversity
may
double
or
quadruple
by
21st
century.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(24), P. 8890 - 8901
Published: June 7, 2023
Delayed
toxicity
is
a
phenomenon
observed
for
aquatic
invertebrates
exposed
to
nicotinic
acetylcholine
receptor
(nAChR)
agonists,
such
as
neonicotinoids.
Furthermore,
recent
studies
have
described
an
incomplete
elimination
of
neonicotinoids
by
amphipods.
However,
mechanistic
link
between
binding
and
toxicokinetic
modeling
has
not
been
demonstrated
yet.
The
the
neonicotinoid
thiacloprid
in
freshwater
amphipod
Gammarus
pulex
was
studied
several
exposure
experiments,
complemented
with
vitro
vivo
receptor-binding
assays.
Based
on
results,
two-compartment
model
developed
predict
uptake
kinetics
G.
pulex.
An
thiacloprid,
independent
phase
duration,
concentrations,
pulses,
observed.
Additionally,
assays
indicated
irreversible
nAChRs.
Accordingly,
toxicokinetic-receptor
consisting
structural
membrane
protein
(including
nAChRs)
compartment
developed.
successfully
predicted
internal
concentrations
across
various
experiments.
Our
results
help
understanding
delayed
toxic
receptor-mediated
effects
toward
arthropods
caused
suggest
that
more
awareness
long-term
needed
regulatory
context.
supports
future
assessment
contaminants.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
264, P. 115468 - 115468
Published: Sept. 20, 2023
The
application
of
mass
spectrometry
imaging
(MSI)
is
a
promising
tool
to
analyze
the
spatial
distribution
organic
contaminants
in
organisms
and
thereby
improve
understanding
toxicokinetic
toxicodynamic
processes.
MSI
common
method
medical
research
but
has
been
rarely
applied
environmental
science.
In
present
study,
suitability
assess
their
biotransformation
products
(BTPs)
aquatic
invertebrate
key
species
Gammarus
pulex
was
studied.
Gammarids
were
exposed
mixture
(carbamazepine,
citalopram,
cyprodinil,
efavirenz,
fluopyram
terbutryn).
parent
compounds
BTPs
analyzed
by
two
methods
(MALDI-
DESI-HRMSI)
after
cryo-sectioning,
LC-HRMS/MS
dissection
into
different
organ
compartments.
contaminats
gammarid
tissue
could
be
successfully
analytical
methods.
intestinal
system
identified
as
main
site
biotransformation,
possibly
due
presence
biotransforming
enzymes.
more
sensitive
provided
higher
confidence
BTP
identification
chromatographic
separation
MS/MS.
DESI
found
for
contaminants,
whereas
additional
biomarkers
using
MALDI.
results
demonstrate
investigations
on
accumulated
contaminants.
However,
both
required
high
exposure
concentrations.
Further
improvements
ionization
would
needed
address
environmentally
relevant