Variation at the major facilitator superfamily ZIFL1 gene influences zinc concentration of barley grain

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 24, 2025

Food and nutritional security are global challenges exacerbated by an increasing human population impacted climate change. Barley is among the top cereal crops grown worldwide a strategic crop for food nutrition in several geographical domains. However, barley grains generally limited iron zinc, two major micronutrient deficiencies affecting billions of people around world, but particularly women children developing countries. One promising strategy to enhance status via biofortification, identification use nutrient-rich natural variants genetic improvement. Germplasm assessed as being rich essential nutrients used parental materials traditional breeding strategies. While simple theory, directly assessing grain nutrient concentration phenotype program not trivial, lesser developed geographies. As alternative, diagnostics can simplify desirable progenies accelerate process. Here we explored variation zinc within 296 Ethiopian Eritrean landraces using genome-wide association study. We found strong associations with SNPs, both which were located ortholog tonoplast-associated facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter gene, Zinc induced facilitator-like 1 (ZIFL1) Arabidopsis thaliana (AtZIFL1). Sequence-based haplotype analysis gene (HvZIFL1) extended this 153-162 bp deletion non-coding region. The favourable haplotype, associated higher Zn concentration, was ~20% germplasm. Markers designed diagnostic SNPs molecular genotypes enhanced Zn.

Language: Английский

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Maladaptation in cereal crop landraces following a soot-producing climate catastrophe

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Aerosol-producing catastrophes like nuclear war or asteroid strikes, though rare, pose serious risks to human survival. The injected aerosols would reduce solar radiation, lower temperatures, and alter precipitation, impacting crop productivity, including for locally adapted traditional varieties, i.e. landraces. We assess post-catastrophic climate effects on crops with extensive landrace cultivation, barley, maize, rice, sorghum, under scenarios that differ in the quantity of soot injection. Using a growth model, we estimate environmental stress gradients together genomic markers apply gradient forest offset methods predict maladaptation landraces over time. find are most maladapted where soot-induced shifts were strongest. Validating our approach, models successfully capture signal maize adaptation common gardens across Mexico. further use identify varieties best matched specific conditions, indicating potential substitutions agricultural resilience. substituted require long migration distances, often country borders, countries more climatic diversity have better within-country substitutions. Our findings highlight soot-producing catastrophe drive global suggest current adaptive is insufficient

Language: Английский

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Ethiopian Crop Gene Bank

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Local Adaptation and Climate Change Vulnerability of the Relict Tree Species Taiwania cryptomerioides Provide Insights Into Its Conservation and Restoration

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Rapid climate change is affecting biodiversity and threatening locally adapted species. Relict species are often confined to relatively narrow, discontinuous geographic ranges provide excellent opportunities study local adaptation extinction. Understanding the adaptive genetic variation vulnerability of relict under essential for their conservation management efforts. Here, we applied a landscape genomics approach investigate population structure predict capacity climatic Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata, vulnerable Tertiary tree in China. We used restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing on 122 individuals across 10 sampling sites. found three groups Chinese range T. : southwest, central‐eastern, Taiwanese groups. detected significant signals isolation by environment distance, with playing more important role than geography shaping spatial . Moreover, some outliers were related defense stress responses, which could reflect genomic basis adaptation. Gradient forest (GF) analysis revealed that precipitation‐related variables driving Ecological niche modeling GF central‐eastern populations future other populations, contractions high offsets, suggesting these may be at higher risk decline or These findings deepen our understanding will guide restoration programs future.

Language: Английский

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Maladaptation in cereal crop landraces following a soot-producing climate catastrophe

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract Aerosol-producing global catastrophes such as nuclear war, super-volcano eruption, or asteroid strike, although rare, pose a serious threat to human survival. Light-absorbing aerosols would sharply reduce temperature and solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface, decreasing crop productivity including for locally adapted traditional varieties, i.e. landraces. Here, we test post-catastrophic climate impacts on barley, maize, rice, sorghum, four crops with extensive landrace cultivation, under range of war scenarios that differ in amount soot injected into model. We used growth model estimate gradients environmental stressors drive local adaptation. then fit genotype environment associations using high density genomic markers gradient forest offset (GF offset) methods predicted maladaptation through time. As validation, found our GF models successfully adaptation maize landraces multiple common gardens across Mexico. strong concordance between disruptions climate, were be most maladapted space time where soot-induced change was greatest. further identify varieties best matched specific conditions, indicating potential substitutions agricultural resilience. often far away another nation, though countries more climatic diversity had better within-country substitutions. Our results highlight soot-producing catastrophe result suggest current adaptive is insufficient resilience case greatest climate.

Language: Английский

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Advances in barley germplasm diversity characterization through next-generation sequencing approach

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Landscape genomics reveals adaptive genetic differentiation driven by multiple environmental variables in naked barley on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Heredity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(5-6), P. 316 - 326

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Understanding the local adaptation of crops has long been a concern evolutionary biologists and molecular ecologists. Identifying adaptive genetic variability in genome is crucial not only to provide insights into mechanism but also explore potential crops. This study aimed identify climatic drivers naked barley landraces putative loci driving on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). To this end, total 157 diverse accessions were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing approach, which yielded 3123 high-quality SNPs for population structure analysis partial redundancy analysis, 37,636 outlier analysis. The indicated that could be divided four groups. We found genomic diversity partly traced back geographical environmental landscape. In total, 136 signatures associated with temperature, precipitation, ultraviolet radiation identified, 13 had pleiotropic effects. mapped 447 genes, including known gene HvSs1. Some genes involved cold stress regulation flowering time detected near eight signatures. Taken together, these results highlight existence QTP thus improve our current understanding basis adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Genomic, climatic, and cultural diversity of maize landraces from the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 965 - 978

Published: May 1, 2024

Societal Impact Statement Bhutan is an ancient kingdom in the Himalayan range and one of most rugged, geodiverse, mountainous agricultural countries world. Historically secluded geographically isolated, a hotspot for agrobiodiversity where small‐scale agriculture supports livelihoods large share resident population. Here, Bhutanese maize explored to unlock its adaptation potential using genomics participatory variety selection combination with climate research. We show that traditional farmers maintain wealth diversity may support sustainable intensification cropping Himalayas beyond. Summary Bhutan, enshrouded Himalayas, hosts largely untapped harness genetic variation useful local climates user needs. we genotyped‐by‐sequencing 351 pooled samples ( Zea mays L.) landraces, entire collection National Gene Bank, comparing their genomic from other range. reconstructed historical projected climates, identifying areas future maladaptation. then run common garden experiment involving smallholder evaluation landraces' performance, aiming at identification quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) contributing adaptation, farmers' choice. found unique range, locus on Chromosome 5 differentiation three distinct clusters. portion current can be associated landscape cultivation southwest country negatively impacted by climates. also contribute improvement. A genome‐wide association study identified 117 QTNs climatic agronomic preferences. Our results landraces are source adaptation. integration genomics, science, methods speed up factors

Language: Английский

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Landrace in situ (on-farm) conservation: European Union achievements

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(10), P. 2709 - 2738

Published: July 9, 2024

Abstract This paper offers an insight on present status of on-farm conservation landrace diversity in the European Union. The review initially examines types materials that are object conservation, assesses current maintenance and reproduction within farms gardens, explores motivations drive ongoing efforts as a foundation for future enhancement identifies key actors involved their respective roles. Secondarily, it reviews Union policies provisions supporting crop fields, with particular focus regulations pertaining to commercialization seeds. Given availability propagation material remains primary constraint widespread dissemination landraces, also includes achievements constraints could be mitigated. discussion highlights how continue intensify development implementation agro-environmental seed well further collection, documentation, study promotion traditional farmers’ knowledge ̶ associated development, production utilization local products can improve situation. It is hoped model applied useful other regions world.

Language: Английский

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Precision Nutrient and Soil Tillage Management for Sustainable Winter Barley Production (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Tillage Impact on Soil CO2 Emission

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 2 - 2

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

Precision sustainable agronomic practices are crucial for achieving global food security as well mitigating climate change. A field experiment was conducted at the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences in Gödöllő from 2023 to 2024. The study aimed evaluate effects soil tillage foliar nutrient supplementation on winter barley yield, associated characteristics, CO2 emissions. Employing a split-plot design with three replications, included four treatments (control, bio-cereal, bio-algae, MgSMnZn blend) two type (i.e., plowing cultivator). found that emissions were influenced by crop growth stage across both throughout growing seasons, but system itself did not have an effect. Similarly, leaf chlorophyll content affected treatments. Plant height, area index (LAI), thousand kernel weights (TKW) significantly seasons. Both also had notable effect number productive tillers barley. Moreover, consistently grain yield their interaction impacted weights. bio-cereal treatment combined yielded highest values most parameters Therefore, it can be concluded combination boost yields. Notably, peak during crops’ reproductive stage, surpassing levels early growth.

Language: Английский

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