Phenotypic adaptation to temperature in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Abstract Most models exploring the effects of climate change on mosquito‐borne disease ignore thermal adaptation. However, if local adaptation leads to changes in mosquito responses, “one size fits all” could fail capture current variation between populations and future adaptive responses temperature. Here, we assess phenotypic temperature Aedes aegypti , primary vector dengue, Zika, chikungunya viruses. First, explore whether there is any difference existing response mosquitoes populations, used a knockdown assay examine five Ae. collected from climatically diverse locations Mexico, together with long‐standing laboratory strain. We identified significant tolerance populations. Next, such can be generated by differences temperature, conducted an experimental passage study establishing six replicate lines single field‐derived population maintaining half at 27°C other 31°C. After 10 generations, found performance, maintained under elevated temperatures showing greater tolerance. Moreover, these translated shifts performance curves for multiple life‐history traits, leading overall fitness. Together, novel findings provide compelling evidence that do differ response, suggesting simplified might insufficient predicting vector‐borne transmission.

Language: Английский

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The greatest Dengue epidemic in Brazil: Surveillance, Prevention, and Control

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In this review, we discuss dengue surveillance, prevention, and control measures in Brazil. Data on epidemics between 2000 2024 indicates an increase the number of cases deaths. Global climate change is a key driver growth. Over past 25 years, nearly 18 million Brazilians have been infected with virus, highest Brazil's history projected to reach 2024. Dengue mortality Brazil increased geographically over time. As June, there were approximately 6 probable 4,000 confirmed deaths Brazil, which represents greatest epidemic date. Several technologies developed Aedes aegypti, including deployment Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, indoor residual spraying, sterile insect techniques, mosquito-disseminated insecticides. The Ministry Health recommends integrating these into health services. first country incorporate Takeda vaccine its public system, Butantan currently undergoing Phase 3 clinical trials. Increasing vaccination coverage implementing novel Ae. aegypti could reduce coming years. Community activities such as home cleaning elimination potential mosquito breeding sites, facilitated by social media education initiatives, must continue achieve reduction. Ultimately, multisectoral approach encompassing sanitary improvements, control, vaccination, community mobilization crucial fight against epidemics.

Language: Английский

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Population‐specific responses to developmental temperature in the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus: Implications for climate change

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract The increase of environmental temperature due to current global warming is not only favouring the expansion distribution range many insect species, but it also changing their phenology. Insect phenology tightly linked developmental timing, which regulated by temperatures. However, degree effects temperatures extend across stages and inter‐stage relationships have been thoroughly quantified in mosquitoes. Here, we used mosquito Aedes albopictus , an aggressive invasive species arboviral vector, study how influences fitness stages, thermal traits, energy reserves, transcriptome Wolbachia prevalence laboratory‐reared populations originally collected from either temperate or tropical regions. We show that hatchability, larval pupal viability speed are strongly influenced temperature, these wing length, body mass, longevity content water, protein lipids adults a population‐specific manner. On contrary, neither adult preference nor heat resistance significantly change with temperature. density was generally lower mosquitoes reared at 18°C than other tested temperatures, analysis showed enrichment for functions stress responses (i.e. cuticle proteins chitin, cytochrome p450 shock proteins) both 18 32°C. Our data overall reduced vector performance when were 32°C, absence isomorphy relationship between laboratory population deriving larvae northern Italy. Altogether, results important implications reliable model projections invasion potentials Ae. its epidemiological impact.

Language: Английский

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Elevated developmental temperatures below the lethal limit reduce Aedes aegypti fertility

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 228(3)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the principal vectors of dengue and continue to pose a threat human health, with ongoing urbanization, climate change trade all impacting distribution abundance this species. Hot periods becoming increasingly common their impacts on insect mortality have been well established, but they may even greater fertility. In study, we investigated high temperatures Ae. fertility both within across generations. Mosquitoes developing under elevated exhibited higher critical thermal maxima (CTmax), reflecting developmental acclimation, declined increasing temperature. females, decreased fecundity while in males it tended decrease proportion eggs that hatched individuals producing viable offspring. Rearing sexes at 35°C increased subsequent generation effects persisted gonotrophic cycles same generation. Moreover, exposure adults further beyond temperature alone. These findings highlight sub-lethal plastic responses stress This has significant implications for predicting mosquito populations thriving warmer environments.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary adaptation under climate change: Aedes sp. demonstrates potential to adapt to warming

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Climate warming is expected to shift the distributions of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases, promoting expansions at cool range edges contractions warm edges. However, whether mosquito populations could maintain their through evolutionary adaptation remains unknown. Here, we investigate potential for thermal in Aedes sierrensis , a congener major disease vector species that experiences large gradients its native range, by assaying tolerance prolonged acute heat exposure, genetic basis diverse, field-derived population. We found pervasive evidence heritable variation tolerance, phenotypic trade-offs versus exposure. Further, genomic associated with was clustered several regions genome, suggesting presence larger structural variants such as chromosomal inversions. A simple model based on our data estimates maximum rate will exceed projected climate warming, implying track via adaptation.

Language: Английский

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First evidence of a genetic basis for thermal adaptation in a schistosome host snail

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 95(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Freshwater snails play a key role in the transmission of schistosomiasis, tropical parasitic disease affecting over 150 million people. Adaptation these to local climatic conditions is critical factor determining how climate change and other environmental factors influence dynamics, yet this potential adaptation has remained unexplored. Bulinus truncatus schistosome intermediate host snail with widest geographic distribution therefore an important maximum range urogenital schistosomiasis. In study, we assessed capacity B. temperature through integrative approach encompassing phenotypic, ecophysiological, genomic data. Ten populations from diverse thermal environments were collected three countries, eight reared common garden. The F2 generation ( N = 2304) was exposed chronic treatments (±36 snails/population/temperature treatment) various life history traits recorded for 14 weeks. Subsequently, ecophysiological analyses conducted on 10 last surviving per population. Genotyping parental field using genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) approach, revealed 12,875 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which 4.91% potentially under selection. We observed significant association between outlier SNPs, temperature, precipitation. Thermal adaptations evident, lower survival rates at high temperatures warm‐origin compensated by higher reproduction rates. Cold‐origin snails, hand, exhibited growth adapted shorter growing season. Ecophysiological included elevated sugar hemoglobin contents cold‐adapted snails. contrast, warm‐adapted displayed not only increased protein levels but also more oxidative damage. Furthermore, heightened phenoloxidase indicated robust immune response parasite‐rich regions. These morphological physiological differences provide convincing evidence genetic basis adaptation. This turn holds profound implications snail's change, future schistosomiasis risk, effectiveness control measures.

Language: Английский

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Assessing Temperature-Dependent Deltamethrin Toxicity in Various kdr Genotypes of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 254 - 254

Published: March 1, 2025

Insecticide resistance surveillance systems for vector-borne diseases are crucial early detection of and the implementation evidence-based management strategies. While insecticide susceptibility bioassays typically conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, mosquitoes in field experience varying environmental with temperature being a key determinant. Understanding relationship between toxicity is essential interpreting extrapolating assay results across different climate zones or more locally days weather conditions. In this study, we examined Aedes aegypti genetic backgrounds resistance. Mosquitoes were homozygous knockdown (kdr) F1534C mutation, plus either (1) kdr 1016V wildtype allele, (2) V1016I mutant (3) heterozygous crosses. These three genotypes exposed to deltamethrin using WHO tube tests at temperatures (22 °C, 27 32 °C) dosages. LC50 values determined each genotype combination. A negative coefficient was observed exclusively female indicating reduced pyrethroid higher temperatures. No temperature–toxicity found males other sex. findings suggest that may interact mutations possibly even sex, highlighting complex interactions factors, such as temperature, determining phenotype. Given wide distribution Ae. aegypti, understanding how local conditions influence performance will help improve control strategies slow evolution, protecting public health efforts against mosquito-borne

Language: Английский

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Rapid molecular method for early detection of the invasive mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) at Points of Entry

Acta Tropica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107605 - 107605

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Prolonged exposure to heat enhances mosquito tolerance to viral infection

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

How and to what extent mosquito-virus interaction is influenced by climate change a complex question of ecological epidemiological relevance. We worked at the intersection between thermal biology vector immunology studied shifts in tolerance resistance cell fusing agent virus (CFAV), prominent component mosquito virome known contribute shaping competence, warm-acclimated warm-evolved Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. show that length challenge influences outcome infection with mosquitoes being more tolerant CFAV infection, while resistant suffering from extensive fitness costs. These results highlight importance considering fluctuations immunity relation understand natural variation response viruses frame realistic transmission models. Single versus multi-generational exposure increased temperature alters immune viral implications for interactions under global change.

Language: Английский

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Study of Bacterial Communities in Water and Different Developmental Stages of Aedes aegypti from Aquatic Breeding Sites in Leticia City, Colombian Amazon Biome

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 195 - 195

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Aedes aegypti is a key vector in the transmission of arboviral diseases Colombian Amazon. This study aimed to characterize microbiota composition using DNA extracted from water artificial breeding sites, immature stages, and adults Ae. Leticia, Amazonas. Additionally, physicochemical variables were correlated with bacterial communities present. Eight sites identified, bucket, plant pot, tire being most frequent. The exhibited similar profiles, significant temperature salinity differences (p-value < 0.03). representative genera included Ottowia (82%), Xanthobacter (70.59%), Rhodocyclaceae (92.78%) site water; Aquabacterium (61.07%), Dechloromonas (82.85%), Flectobacillus (58.94%) stages; Elizabethkingia (70.89%) Cedecea (39.19%) males females aegypti. Beta diversity analysis revealed distinct clustering between 0.001). Multivariate showed strong correlations among communities, such as drum cover which high levels total dissolved solids, conductivity, associated Flectobacillus, Leifsonia, Novosphingobium, Ottowia, Rhodobacter. Bacterial Mycobacterium, Escherichia, Salmonella, Clostridium, present are public health relevance. provides insights into community dynamics across aegypti's life cycle underscores importance biological characteristics for developing new control strategies.

Language: Английский

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