The genetic architecture of repeated local adaptation to climate in distantly related plants

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 1933 - 1947

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Closely related species often use the same genes to adapt similar environments. However, we know little about why such possess increased adaptive potential and whether this is conserved across deeper evolutionary lineages. Adaptation climate presents a natural laboratory test these ideas, as even distantly must contend with stresses. Here, re-analyse genomic data from thousands of individuals 25 plant diverged lodgepole pine Arabidopsis (~300 Myr). We for genetic repeatability based on within-species associations between allele frequencies in variation 21 variables. Our results demonstrate significant statistical evidence deep time that not expected under randomness, identifying suite 108 gene families (orthogroups) functions repeatedly drive local adaptation climate. This set includes many orthogroups well-known abiotic stress response. Using co-expression networks quantify pleiotropy, find stronger exhibit greater network centrality broader expression tissues (higher pleiotropy), contrary 'cost complexity' theory. These may be important helping wild crop cope future change, representing candidates study.

Language: Английский

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Recurrent hybridization and gene flow shaped Norway and Siberian spruce evolutionary history over multiple glacial cycles

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(17)

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Most tree species underwent cycles of contraction and expansion during the Quaternary. These led to an ancient complex genetic structure that has since been affected by extensive gene flow strong local adaptation. The extent which hybridization played a role in this multi-layered is important be investigated. To study effect on joint population two dominant Eurasian boreal forest, Picea abies P. obovata, we used targeted resequencing obtained around 480 K nuclear SNPs 87 chloroplast 542 individuals sampled across most their distribution ranges. Despite clear pattern Isolation-by-Distance, distinct clusters emerged, indicating presence barriers corridors migration. Two cryptic refugia located large hybrid zone between critical shaping current distributions. repeatedly hybridized Pleistocene direction introgression depended latitude. Our suggests helped both overcome main shifts ranges glacial highlights importance considering whole instead separate entities retrieve demographic histories.

Language: Английский

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Response of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Genetic and Dendrochronological Studies

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 109 - 109

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is widely distributed across Europe and serves critical ecological, economic, recreational functions. Investigating its responses to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, pests, pathogens provides valuable insights into capacity adapt climate change. Genetic dendrochronological studies offer complementary perspectives on this adaptability. Tree-ring analysis (dendrochronology) reveals how Q. has historically responded environmental stressors, linking growth patterns specific conditions drought or temperature extremes. By examining tree-ring width, density, dynamics, researchers can identify periods of suppression enhancement predict forest future climatic events. further complement by uncovering adaptive genetic diversity inheritance patterns. Identifying markers associated with stress tolerance enables managers prioritize the conservation populations higher potential. These guide reforestation efforts support development climate-resilient populations. integrating data, gain a holistic understanding robur’s mechanisms resilience. This knowledge vital for management sustainable planning in face challenges, ultimately helping ensure long-term viability their ecosystems. The topics covered review are very broad. We tried include most relevant, important, significant studies, but focused mainly relatively recent Eastern European because they species’ area. However, although more than 270 published works have been cited review, we have, course, missed some studies. apologize advance authors those relevant that not cited.

Language: Английский

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Climate‐Mediated Hybridisation and the Future of Andean Forests

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

ABSTRACT The tropical Andes face unprecedented warming and shifting precipitation patterns due to climate change land‐use alteration, challenging the future of Andean forests. During Quaternary, many trees responded through upslope migrations but, while there is evidence such ongoing in species, they are at rates far below what needed remain equilibrium with current climate. Similarly, given number generations required for adaptation long lifespans trees, it unlikely that most species will be able adapt fast enough. This synthesis explores role migration‐induced secondary contact hybridisation as potential mechanisms accelerating adaptive response Hybridisation, historically underappreciated increasingly recognised an important driver speciation ecological diversity. It may facilitate gene flow introgression, providing novel genetic combinations enhance resilience change. process can generate new allelic diversity, allowing more rapidly than mutation or selection on standing variation alone. However, also lead negative outcomes like swamping outbreeding depression. Conservation strategies should consider benefits risks maintaining biodiversity under changing environmental conditions. As habitat fragmentation deforestation exacerbate challenges faced by these forests, preserving connectivity crucial migration flow, potentially aiding survival tree Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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‘Chimes of resilience’: what makes forest trees genetically resilient?

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 7, 2025

Summary Forest trees are foundation species of many ecosystems and challenged by global environmental changes. We assemble genetic facts arguments supporting or undermining resilient responses forest to those Genetic resilience is understood here as the capacity a restore its adaptive potential following changes disturbances. Importantly, data come primarily from European temperate tree with large distributions consider only marginally small distributions. first examine historical trajectories during repeated climatic Species that survived Pliocene–Pleistocene transition underwent oscillations glacial interglacial periods were equipped life history traits enhancing persistence resilience. Evidence their also comes maintenance effective population sizes across time rapid microevolutionary recent events. then review mechanisms attributes shaping responses. Usually, invoked constraints resilience, such load generation overlap, have limited consequences offset positive impacts. Conversely, plasticity, gene flow, introgression, architecture fitness‐related demographic dynamics strengthen accelerating Finally, we address limitations this highlight critical research gaps.

Language: Английский

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Geographical Gradient of Fungal Decay Type in Norway Spruce Logs in Europe and Its Impact on Seedling Establishment

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) is a dominant tree species across Eurasia, and known to regenerate on decaying logs. Understanding its regeneration dynamics crucial for predicting forest sustainability under climate change. The decay type of the logs, indicative fungal capabilities lignin holocellulose traditionally categorised into white rot brown rot, markedly influences seedling density because reduces their establishment. As distribution wood types are affected by macroclimate, success establishment expected vary continentally may be further influenced goal present study examine relationship between frequencies densities assessing effects along climatic gradient. Location Fifteen sites in six European countries. Taxa [L.] H. Karst.). Methods We collected samples from logs naturally evaluate types. Spruce numbers were recorded occurrence certain types, density, relationships with climate, stand, log variables analysed using generalised linear mixed models (GLMM) structural equation modelling (SEM). Results White was dominating central Europe compared southern northern Europe, where prevalent. positively correlated heartwood, which explained high precipitation seasonality Europe. Main Conclusions indirectly through influence fungal‐mediated decomposition. Despite predictions northward shifts due change, slower rates limit expansion, potentially leading contraction species' range.

Language: Английский

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Integrating evolutionary genomics of forest trees to inform future tree breeding amidst rapid climate change

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 101044 - 101044

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Global climate change is leading to rapid and drastic shifts in environmental conditions, posing threats biodiversity nearly all life forms worldwide. Forest trees serve as foundational components of terrestrial ecosystems play a crucial role combating mitigating the adverse effects extreme events, despite their own vulnerability these threats. Therefore, understanding monitoring how natural forests respond key priority for conservation. Recent progress evolutionary genomics, driven primarily by cutting-edge multi-omics technologies, offers powerful new tools address several issues. These include precise delineation species units, inference past histories demographic fluctuations, identification environmentally adaptive variants, measurement genetic load levels. As urgency deal with more stresses grows, genomics history, local adaptation, future responses change, conservation restoration forest will be critical research at nexus global population biology. In this review, we explore application assess using approaches discuss outlook breeding climate-adapted trees.

Language: Английский

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Identification of SNPs Associated with Drought Resistance in Hybrid Populations of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.–P. obovata (Ledeb.)

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 1440 - 1440

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

The spruces of the

Language: Английский

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