Investigating the Effects of Thermal Variability and Heatwaves on Pond Zooplankton Communities and Physiological Traits

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 70(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT To understand the impacts of climate change, we must consequences multiple and interacting timescales temperature change. While much is known about rising mean temperatures, less understood influence projected thermal variability extreme events like heatwaves on biological communities. This study investigates interaction short‐term (experimental) long‐term (historic) with zooplankton communities physiological traits. We performed a fully factorial mesocosm experiment three factors: (1) historic variation (four source ponds similar average but different daily ranges including 3.7°C, 5.9°C, 9.1°C, 10.7°C); (2) experimental (insulated non‐insulated tanks); (3) 4‐day heatwave treatment (+3.5°C) halfway through experiment. sampled community throughout assayed upper limit (CTmax) metabolic rate Daphnia dentifera Leptodiaptomus signicauda immediately before after heatwave. Zooplankton composition responded minimally to For both species, CTmax response varied by variability, increasing in individuals from low‐variability tanks decreasing high‐variability tanks. Metabolic did not vary significantly any treatments. D. L. 's seems be unaffected their history, while rely only history. rate, other hand, history or this magnitude. In spite responses at individual level, structure buffered overall Our provides new insight effects short‐ scales combined an acute changing more realistic manner. The data supports that recently thermally stable backgrounds may better equipped positively respond physiologically system could warming

Language: Английский

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Vulnerability of amphibians to global warming

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

Amphibians are the most threatened vertebrates, yet their resilience to rising temperatures remains poorly understood1,2. This is primarily because knowledge of thermal tolerance taxonomically and geographically biased3, compromising global climate vulnerability assessments. Here we used a phylogenetically informed data-imputation approach predict heat 60% amphibian species assessed daily temperature variations in refugia. We found that 104 out 5,203 (2%) currently exposed overheating events shaded terrestrial conditions. Despite accounting for heat-tolerance plasticity, 4 °C increase would create step change impact severity, pushing 7.5% beyond physiological limits. In Southern Hemisphere, tropical encounter disproportionally more events, while non-tropical susceptible Northern Hemisphere. These findings challenge evidence general latitudinal gradient risk4-6 underscore importance considering climatic variability provide conservative estimates assuming access cool microenvironments. Thus, impacts warming will probably exceed our projections. Our microclimate-explicit analyses demonstrate vegetation water bodies critical buffering amphibians during waves. Immediate action needed preserve manage these microhabitat features.

Language: Английский

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Warm acclimation reduces the sensitivity of Drosophila species to heat stress at ecologically relevant scales

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Thermal acclimation is presumed to affect heat tolerance, though it unclear how this should impact populations under realistic natural conditions. In study, we quantified thermal affects tolerance landscapes in Drosophila and, as a consequence, their predicted mortality the field based on modelling with dynamic algorithm. We measured of four species (D. repleta, D. hydei, simulans and virilis) acclimated five constant temperatures covering range from 18 30°C. then combined information construct for these examine survival varies over course year. Our analyses reveal effect an ecologically relevant scale, specifically through study cumulative regimes. explore different respond challenges during acclimation, generally showing increase critical temperature (CTmax) while either reducing or maintaining sensitivity (z). Furthermore, show that presents relatively modest improvement short ramping laboratory trials, response becomes stronger when estimates are translated into timescales, such annual survival. results indicate warm conditions can substantially contradicting idea ectotherms has only minor effect. work applies novel approaches studying aims highlight role ameliorating global warming.

Language: Английский

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Local conditions drive interpopulation variation in field-based critical thermal maximum of brook trout

Conservation Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Individual- and population-level responses to thermal change will be pivotal for species' resilience adaptive climate change. Thermal tolerance of ectotherms has been extensively studied under laboratory conditions, but comparatively few studies have assessed intra- interpopulation variation natural conditions or in situ. We measured field critical maximum (CTmax) brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations at twenty sites across Ontario, Canada, assess their situ examine potential factors underlying intraspecific performance. modelled CTmax as a function acclimation using short-term stream temperature data variation, used full-season temperatures calculate safety margins (TSM) each population. ranged between 27.41 30.46°C periods 4 40 days were strong predictors site CTmax, aligning closely with lab-based studies. Seasonal profiles varied substantially among sites, mean 30-day accounting 66% the among-site CTmax. TSMs 0.51 15.51°C reflected differences regimes. Streams watersheds more urban agricultural development had lowest addition those that fed by lake surface water. This work emphasizes importance locally based conservation management practices act below population level, local beyond partly responsible thus dictate resiliency

Language: Английский

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Drivers of Intraspecific Variation in Thermal Traits and Their Importance for Resilience to Global Change in Amphibians

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 882 - 899

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Synopsis Intraspecific variation can be as great across species, but the role of intraspecific in driving local and large-scale patterns is often overlooked, particularly field thermal biology. In amphibians, which depend on environmental conditions behavior to regulate body temperature, recognizing trait essential comprehensively understanding how global change impacts populations. Here, we examine drivers micro- macrogeographical amphibians. At scale, arise via changes ontogeny, size, between sexes, developmental plasticity, acclimation, maternal effects may modulate predictions amphibian performance under future climate scenarios. macrogeographic adaptation traits occur along latitudinal elevational gradients, with seasonality range-edge dynamics likely playing important roles that impact persistence. We also discuss importance considering disease a factor affecting population resilience change, given pathogens preferences critical limits hosts. Finally, make recommendations for work this area. Ultimately, our goal demonstrate why it researchers consider determine amphibians change.

Language: Английский

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Too Hot to Handle: A Meta‐Analytical Review of the Thermal Tolerance and Adaptive Capacity of North American Sturgeon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Understanding how ectotherms may fare with rising global temperatures and more frequent heatwaves is especially concerning for species already considered at‐risk, such as long‐lived, late‐maturing sturgeon. There have been concerted efforts to collect data on the movement behavior thermal physiology of North American sturgeon enhance conservation efforts; thus, we sought synthesize these understand respond stress what capacity they acclimate adapt warming. Here, combined a systematic literature review meta‐analysis, integrating field‐based observations (distribution spawning) laboratory‐based experiments (survival, activity, growth, metabolism, upper limits) large‐scale insights vulnerability temperatures. We summarized preferred habitat limits in their natural environment using meta‐analytical techniques, quantified effect prolonged temperature change whole‐animal acute limits. While acclimation did not significant effects physiological rates or survival overall, there were positive trends activity metabolism young‐of‐the‐year sturgeons, likely offset by negative early life. Notably, greater tolerance plasticity than other fishes, increasing 0.56°C per 1°C temperature. But limited studies, research needed if this trait, perhaps that basal fishes general. Importantly, gaps, fate remains uncertain climate intensifies, impacts across life stages limit ecological success.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of thermal tolerance plasticity across fish species and life stages

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 104024 - 104024

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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