Microclimate mapping using novel radiative transfer modelling DOI Creative Commons
Florian Zellweger,

Eric Sulmoni,

Johanna Malle

et al.

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 605 - 623

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract. Climate data matching the scales at which organisms experience climatic conditions are often missing. Yet, such on microclimatic required to better understand climate change impacts biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Here we combine a network of microclimate temperature measurements across different habitats vertical heights with novel radiative transfer model map daily temperatures during vegetation period 10 m spatial resolution Switzerland. Our results reveal strong horizontal variability in temperature, particularly for maximum 5 cm above ground within topsoil. Compared macroclimate as measured by weather stations outside forests, diurnal air topsoil ranges inside forests were reduced up 3.0 7.8 ∘C, respectively, while below trees e.g. hedges solitary trees, this buffering effect was 1.8 7.2 respectively. We also found that, open grasslands, are, average, 3.4 ∘C warmer than those macroclimate, suggesting habitats, heat exposure close is underestimated when using macroclimatic data. Spatial interpolation achieved hybrid approach based linear mixed-effect models input from detailed radiation estimates that account topographic shading, well other predictor variables related topography, height. After accounting effects, patterns primarily driven radiation, effects temperatures. Results block cross-validation revealed predictive accuracies root mean squared errors ranging 1.18 3.43 minimum being predicted more accurately overall The microclimate-mapping methodology presented here enables biologically relevant perspective analysing climate–species interactions, expected lead understanding biotic responses land use change.

Language: Английский

Predicting future climate at high spatial and temporal resolution DOI Creative Commons
Ilya M. D. Maclean

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 1003 - 1011

Published: Oct. 22, 2019

Abstract Most studies on the biological effects of future climatic changes rely seasonally aggregated, coarse‐resolution data. Such data mask spatial and temporal variability in microclimate driven by terrain, wind vegetation, ultimately bear little resemblance to conditions that organisms experience wild. Here, I present methods for providing fine‐grained, hourly daily estimates current temperature soil moisture over decadal timescales. Observed climate spatially coherent probabilistic projections weather were disaggregated used drive empirically calibrated physical models thermal hydrological microclimates. Mesoclimatic (cold‐air drainage, coastal exposure elevation) determined from surfaces using thin‐plate spline with elevation as predictors. Differences between micro mesoclimate temperatures vegetation ground properties energy balance equations. Soil was computed a thin upper layer an underlying deeper layer, exchange water these layers calculated van Genuchten equation. Code processing running is provided series R packages. The applied Lizard Peninsula, United Kingdom, provide (100 m grid resolution entire area, 1 selected area) periods 1983–2017 2041–2049. Results indicated there fine‐resolution changes, primarily interactions landscape features trends conditions. High‐temporal extremes under change predicted be considerably less novel than estimated aggregated variables. study highlights need more accurately estimate experienced equips biologists means do so.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Maintaining forest cover to enhance temperature buffering under future climate change DOI
Emiel De Lombaerde, Pieter Vangansbeke, Jonathan Lenoir

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 810, P. 151338 - 151338

Published: Nov. 5, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

88
Light availability and land‐use history drive biodiversity and functional changes in forest herb layer communities DOI
Leen Depauw, Michael P. Perring, Dries Landuyt

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 108(4), P. 1411 - 1425

Published: Dec. 19, 2019

Abstract A central challenge of today's ecological research is predicting how ecosystems will develop under future global change. Accurate predictions are complicated by (a) simultaneous effects different drivers, such as climate change, nitrogen deposition and management changes; (b) legacy from previous land use. We tested whether herb layer biodiversity (i.e. richness, Shannon diversity evenness) functional cover, specific leaf area [SLA] plant height) responses to environmental change drivers depended on land‐use history. used resurvey data 192 plots across nineteen European temperate forest regions, with large spatial variability in factors. for interactions between history, distinguishing ancient recent post‐agricultural) forests four drivers: temperature, deposition, aridity at the regional scale light dynamics plot‐scale. Land‐use history significantly modulated signature SLA height). Light availability was main driver interacting found greater cover height decreases increases decreasing than forests. Furthermore, we increased forests, whereas warming had strongest effect Interactive were not found, but species evenness more Synthesis . Our results demonstrate that should be overlooked when Moreover, composition semi‐natural deciduous mainly controlled local canopy characteristics, regulating levels floor, much less changes (here: warming, aridity). The observed disconnect demonstrates importance assessing both types increase our understanding possible impact layer.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Microclimatic edge-to-interior gradients of European deciduous forests DOI
Camille Meeussen, Sanne Govaert, Thomas Vanneste

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 311, P. 108699 - 108699

Published: Oct. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Thermal sensitivity across forest vertical profiles: patterns, mechanisms, and ecological implications DOI Creative Commons
Nidhi Vinod, Martijn Slot, Ian R. McGregor

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(1), P. 22 - 47

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Rising temperatures are influencing forests on many scales, with potentially strong variation vertically across forest strata. Using published research and new analyses, we evaluate how microclimate leaf temperatures, traits, gas exchange vary in forests, shaping tree, ecosystem ecology. In closed-canopy upper canopy leaves exposed to the highest solar radiation evaporative demand, which can elevate temperature (Tleaf ), particularly when transpirational cooling is curtailed by limited stomatal conductance. However, foliar traits also height or light gradients, partially mitigating protecting against elevation of Tleaf . Leaf metabolism generally increases vertical gradient, yet differences thermal sensitivity gradient appear modest. Scaling from trees, trees have higher absolute metabolic capacity growth, more vulnerable drought damaging than their smaller counterparts, under climate change. By contrast, understory experience fewer extreme high 's but mechanisms thus may be strongly impacted warming some conditions, a harsher microenvironment through disturbance. As changes, integrating patterns reviewed here into models will critical forecasting forest-climate feedback.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Forest structure and composition alleviate human thermal stress DOI Open Access
Loïc Gillerot, Dries Landuyt, Rachel Rui Ying Oh

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(24), P. 7340 - 7352

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Current climate change aggravates human health hazards posed by heat stress. Forests can locally mitigate this acting as strong thermal buffers, yet potential mediation forest ecological characteristics remains underexplored. We report over 14 months of hourly microclimate data from 131 plots across four European countries and compare these to open-field controls using physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) reflect perception. slightly tempered cold extremes, but the strongest buffering occurred under very hot conditions (PET >35°C), where forests reduced extreme stress day occurrence 84.1%. Mature cooled 12.1 14.5°C PET under, respectively, conditions. Even young plantations those 10°C PET. Forest structure strongly modulated capacity, which was enhanced increasing stand density, canopy height closure. Tree species composition had a more modest significant influence: that is, shade-casting, small-leaved evergreen amplified cooling. diversity little direct influences, though indirect effects through remain possible. in general, both mature, are thus reducers, their cooling be even further amplified, given targeted (urban) management considers new insights.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Estimating the cooling effect magnitude of urban vegetation in different climate zones using multi-source remote sensing DOI
Yongxian Su, Jianping Wu, Chaoqun Zhang

et al.

Urban Climate, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43, P. 101155 - 101155

Published: March 22, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Tree species mixing can amplify microclimate offsets in young forest plantations DOI
Shengmin Zhang, Dries Landuyt, Kris Verheyen

et al.

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 59(6), P. 1428 - 1439

Published: March 11, 2022

Abstract Macroclimate warming is affecting ecosystems world‐wide. Tree canopies, however, can significantly buffer temperature fluctuations, giving rise to lower maximum temperatures, higher minimum temperatures and enhanced water availability at the forest floor. Forests, therefore, act as refugia for heat‐sensitive species with important implications climate‐change responses in understorey of forests. These microclimate offsets have been well‐studied, but far less known about how are modulated by tree mixing. We installed air humidity loggers a multisite diversity experiment quantify role richness composition on below‐canopy investigate mechanisms underlying these effects. Microclimate highly depended identity Not only monocultures larch Larix × eurolepis Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii had high performance thermal buffering, also mixtures such birch Betula pendula pine Pinus sylvestris . Indirect effects brought mixing were found amplify offsets, mostly via increased canopy cover. Synthesis applications Our findings show that offsetting depends diversity, buffered microclimates be achieved rapidly young plantations, depending being planted. Based our findings, we recommend planting instead monocultures. because was some investigated stands, likely increase resilience forests climate change. Hence, expect long‐term might beneficial buffering. Forest managers policy makers use finding optimise design plantations minimise impacts biodiversity functioning.

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Microclimate reveals the true thermal niche of forest plant species DOI Open Access
Stef Haesen, Jonathan Lenoir, Eva Gril

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(12), P. 2043 - 2055

Published: Oct. 3, 2023

Species distributions are conventionally modelled using coarse-grained macroclimate data measured in open areas, potentially leading to biased predictions since most terrestrial species reside the shade of trees. For forest plant across Europe, we compared conventional macroclimate-based distribution models (SDMs) with corrected for microclimate buffering. We show that microclimate-based SDMs at high spatial resolution outperformed and coarser resolution. Additionally, introduced a systematic bias response curves, which could result erroneous range shift predictions. Critically important conservation science, these were unable identify warm cold refugia edges distributions. Our study emphasizes crucial role when used gain insights into biodiversity face climate change, particularly given growing policy management focus on worldwide.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Higher soil moisture increases microclimate temperature buffering in temperate broadleaf forests DOI Creative Commons
Caroline Greiser, Lucia Hederová, Giulia Vico

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 109828 - 109828

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Forest canopies can buffer the understory against temperature extremes, often creating cooler microclimates during warm summer days compared to temperatures outside forest. The buffering of maximum in results from a combination canopy shading and air cooling through soil water evaporation plant transpiration. Therefore, capacity forests depends on cover moisture content, which are increasingly affected by more frequent severe disturbances droughts. extent this will be maintained future conditions is unclear due lack understanding about relationship between interaction with topographic settings. We explored how variability affects offsets inside forest daily basis, using data 54 sites temperate broadleaf Central Europe over four climatically different seasons. Daily understories were average 2 °C than temperatures. was effective when higher, sensitive drier soils sun-exposed slopes high heat load. Based these results, soil–water limitation become prevalent under warmer likely lead changes communities. Thus, our highlight urgent need include models predictions microclimate, biodiversity tree regeneration, provide precise estimate effects climate change.

Language: Английский

Citations

35