Global priority areas for ecosystem restoration

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 586(7831), P. 724 - 729

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

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Extinction risk and threats to plants and fungi

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(5), P. 389 - 408

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Societal Impact Statement There is increasing awareness that plants and fungi, as natural solutions, can play an important role in tackling ongoing global environmental challenges. We illustrate how understanding current projected threats to fungi necessary manage mitigate risks, while building of gaps bias assessment coverage essential adequately prioritize conservation efforts. highlight the state art science point methods future studies needed species extinction. Summary Plant fungal biodiversity underpin life on earth merit careful stewardship increasingly uncertain environment. However, biases documented extinction risks plant impede effective management. Formal risk assessments help avoid extinctions, through engagement, financial, or legal mechanisms, but most lack assessments. Available cover c. 30% (ThreatSearch). Red List overrepresents woody perennials useful plants, underrepresents single‐country endemics. Fungal overrepresent well‐known are too few infer status trends. Proportions assessed vascular considered threatened vary between datasets: 37% (ThreatSearch), 44% (International Union for Conservation Nature Threatened Species). Our predictions, correcting several quantifiable biases, suggest 39% all with other remain unquantified, may affect our estimate. Preliminary trend data show moving toward Quantitative estimates based understate likely loss: they do not fully capture impacts climate change, slow‐acting threats, clustering risk, which could amplify loss evolutionary potential. The importance estimation support existing emerging initiatives grow intensify. This necessitates urgent strategic expansion efforts comprehensive risk.

Language: Английский

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Endemism increases species' climate change risk in areas of global biodiversity importance

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 109070 - 109070

Published: April 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Atlas of Brazilian Snakes: Verified Point-Locality Maps to Mitigate the Wallacean Shortfall in a Megadiverse Snake Fauna

South American Journal of Herpetology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(sp1), P. 1 - 1

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Accurate and detailed species distribution maps are fundamental for documenting interpreting biological diversity. For snakes, an ecologically diverse group of reptiles, syntheses data on patterns remain scarce. We present the first comprehensive collection detailed, voucher-based, point-locality, range all described documented Brazilian with major aim mitigating Wallacean shortfall as a contribution towards better understanding this rich, threatened, poorly studied megadiverse fauna. recorded total 412 snake in Brazil basis extensive verified point-locality database 163,498 entries 75,681 unique records (available here Online Supporting Information). Our results reveal previously undocumented distribution, sampling effort, richness, endemism levels, resulting more objective view diversity Neotropics. Apart from these achievements, we understand that most relevant enduring atlas is to stimulate researchers publish corrections, additions, new discoveries.

Language: Английский

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Relative effects of land conversion and land-use intensity on terrestrial vertebrate diversity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Abstract Land-use has transformed ecosystems over three quarters of the terrestrial surface, with massive repercussions on biodiversity. intensity is known to contribute effects land-use biodiversity, but magnitude this contribution remains uncertain. Here, we use a modified countryside species-area model compute global account impending biodiversity loss caused by current patterns, explicitly addressing role based two sets indicators. We find that entails ~15% vertebrate species from average 5 × arcmin-landscape outside remaining wilderness areas and ~14% their native area-of-habitat, risk extinction for 556 individual species. Given large fraction land currently used under low intensity, its be substantial (~25%). While both indicators yield similar results, regional differences between them discuss data gaps. Our results support calls improved sustainable intensification strategies demand-side actions reduce trade-offs food security conservation.

Language: Английский

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A climate risk index for marine life

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 854 - 862

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Relocating croplands could drastically reduce the environmental impacts of global food production

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: March 10, 2022

Abstract Agricultural production has replaced natural ecosystems across the planet, becoming a major driver of carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and freshwater consumption. Here we combined global crop yield environmental data in ~1-million-dimensional mathematical optimisation framework to determine how optimising spatial distribution croplands could reduce impacts whilst maintaining current levels. We estimate that relocating optimal locations, allowing then-abandoned areas regenerate, simultaneously decrease carbon, biodiversity, irrigation water footprint by 71%, 87%, 100%, respectively, assuming high-input farming on newly established sites. The crops is largely similar for end-of-century climatic conditions emission scenarios. Substantial impact reductions already be achieved only small proportion worldwide production, within national borders, less intensive systems.

Language: Английский

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Multinational evaluation of genetic diversity indicators for the Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Under the recently adopted Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, 196 Parties committed to reporting status of genetic diversity for all species. To facilitate reporting, three indicators were developed, two which focus on processes contributing conservation: maintaining genetically distinct populations and ensuring are large enough maintain diversity. The major advantage these is that they can be estimated with or without DNA‐based data. However, demonstrating their feasibility requires addressing methodological challenges using data gathered from diverse sources, across taxonomic groups, countries varying socio‐economic biodiversity levels. Here, we assess 919 taxa, representing 5271 nine countries, including megadiverse developing economies. Eighty‐three percent taxa assessed had available calculate at least one indicator. Our results show although majority species most populations, 58% have too small Moreover, indicator values suggest IUCN Red List other initiatives fail status, highlighting critical importance indicators.

Language: Английский

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The macroecology of landscape ecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 480 - 487

Published: Feb. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Mind the lag: understanding delayed genetic erosion

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The delay between environmental changes and the corresponding genetic responses within populations is a common but surprisingly overlooked phenomenon in ecology, evolutionary conservation genetics. This time lag problem can lead to erroneous assessments when solely relying on data. We identify population size, life-history traits, reproductive strategies severity of decline as main determinants lags, evaluate potential confounding factors affecting parameters during propose methodological approaches that allow controlling for them. Considering current unprecedented rate diversity species loss, we expect our novel interpretive framework lags stimulate further research discussion most appropriate analyse conservation.

Language: Английский

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