Deconstructing the mangrove carbon cycle: Gains, transformation, and losses

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Mangroves are one of the most carbon‐dense forests on Earth and have been highlighted as key ecosystems for climate change mitigation adaptation. Hundreds studies investigated how mangroves fix, transform, store, export carbon. Here, we review synthesize previously known emerging carbon pathways in mangroves, including gains (woody biomass accumulation, deadwood soil sequestration, root litterfall production), transformations (food web transfer through herbivory, decomposition), losses (respiration CO 2 CH 4 , export, particulate dissolved export). We then technologies available to measure fluxes their potential, limitations. also compare mangrove net ecosystem productivity (NEP) with terrestrial forests. Finally, update global estimates current values area. found that contributions recently fluxes, such respiration minor (<1 Tg C year −1 ), while lateral significant (>35 ). Dissolved inorganic exports an order magnitude higher than other processes were highly variable, highlighting need further studies. Gross primary (GPP) (ER) per area within same However, ER/GPP was lower explaining sequestration. estimate mean NEP 109.1 (7.4 Mg ha ) or a budget balance, accounting losses, 66.6 (4.5 Overall, productive, despite due tidal exchange, they sinks.

Language: Английский

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Refining the Global Estimate of Mangrove Carbon Burial Rates Using Sedimentary and Geomorphic Settings

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(18)

Published: Sept. 21, 2022

Abstract This study provides updated analysis of multi‐decadal mangrove organic carbon (OC) burial rates. The available data indicate mangroves bury 138.6 (120.3–158.8, 95% C.I.) g OC m −2 yr −1 locally, or 20.18 (17.52–23.12) Tg globally. We contend that this common approach upscaling from a single local‐scale rate obscures critical environmental differences in By implementing recently formalized, spatially explicit global typology, we find carbonate setting have lower rates than terrigenous settings, and based on representative for sedimentary alone combination geomorphic increased the scale annual to 22.10 (18.26–26.05) 24.17 (19.77–25.50) , respectively. propose future work should focus less consolidating confidence interval rates, instead explore drivers spatial variability settings.

Language: Английский

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Brazilian Mangroves: Blue Carbon Hotspots of National and Global Relevance to Natural Climate Solutions

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 3, 2022

Mangroves are known for large carbon stocks and high sequestration rates in biomass soils, making these intertidal wetlands a cost-effective strategy some nations to compensate portion of their dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. However, few countries have the national-level inventories required support inclusion mangroves into national credit markets. This is case Brazil, home second largest mangrove area world but lacking an integrated inventory that captures diversity coastline types climatic zones which present. Here we reviewed published datasets derive first assessment stocks, potential CO 2eq emissions across Brazilian mangroves. We found hold 8.5% global (biomass soils combined). When compared other vegetated biomes, store up 4.3 times more top meter soil only Amazon forest. Moreover, organic 15–30% higher than recent estimates; over country’s area, they account 13.5% buried world’s annually. Carbon woody 10% accumulation globally. Our study identifies as major blue hotspot suggest loss could potentially release substantial amounts . research provides robust baseline consideration strategies meet Brazil’s intended Nationally Determined Contributions.

Language: Английский

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Blue carbon pathways for climate mitigation: Known, emerging and unlikely

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 105788 - 105788

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

As interest in natural climate mitigation solutions continues to grow, there is an essential role for coastal and ocean ecosystems ("blue carbon") play. To meet targets, however, it crucial that human actions protect or restore blue carbon sinks are based on solid science actionable management opportunities increase reduce emissions from ecosystem loss. Here, we reaffirm the of wetlands opportunities. We update state regarding existing pathways explore expanding new systems. Specifically, analyze those categorize as "emerging" (e.g., interventions involving macroalgae - both cultivated wild, tidal flats, marine sediments) where action may be able these sinks, but currently have insufficient information ensure their benefit additional. revisit "non-actionable" calcifying organisms fauna) scientific evidence clear no benefit, too uncertain claim can definitively sinks. With limited funding action, critical efforts focus projects with most potential. Blue only one piece challenge, important one. Continued research investment developing policy warranted emerging At same time, world must continue work decrease rapidly, invest other solutions, scale renewable energy technologies.

Language: Английский

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Blue carbon assessments of seagrass and mangrove ecosystems in South and Southeast Asia: Current progress and knowledge gaps

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 904, P. 166618 - 166618

Published: Aug. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Stronger increases but greater variability in global mangrove productivity compared to that of adjacent terrestrial forests

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 239 - 250

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Knowledge Assisted Differential Evolution Extreme Gradient Boost algorithm for estimating mangrove aboveground biomass

Applied Soft Computing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112838 - 112838

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Variation in Mangrove Geometric Traits Among Genera and Climate Zones

Estuaries and Coasts, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 48(2)

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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A new synergistic approach for Sentinel-1 and PALSAR-2 in a machine learning framework to predict aboveground biomass of a dense mangrove forest

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 101900 - 101900

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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A comparison of global mangrove maps: Assessing spatial and bioclimatic discrepancies at poleward range limits

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 860, P. 160380 - 160380

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Mangrove distribution maps are used for a variety of applications, ranging from estimates mangrove extent, deforestation rates, quantify carbon stocks, to modelling response climate change. There multiple datasets, which were derived different remote sensing data and classification methods, so there some discrepancies among these especially with respect the locations their range limits. We investigate latitudinal in poleward limits represented by datasets how differences translate climatologically considering factors known control distributions. compare four widely global - World Atlas Mangroves, Mangroves 2, Global Distribution Watch. examine 21 limit positions analysing set bioclimatic variables that have been commonly related mangroves. show important position Latitudinal between exceed 5°, 7° 10° western North America, Australia northern West Africa, respectively. In areas, such as Japan, correspond exceeding 600 mm annual precipitation > 10 °C minimum temperature coldest month. conclude dissimilarities mapping parts world can jeopardise inferences climatic thresholds. expect efforts should prioritise greater accuracy, ideally combining field-based surveys very high-resolution data. An accurate representation will contribute better predicting dynamics shifts

Language: Английский

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