Screening Enterococcus Isolates for Antimicrobial and In Vitro Antitumor Activity against Colorectal Carcinoma

BioScientific Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 134 - 147

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Background. Enterococci are a part of the natural intestinal flora humans and animals play an important role in keeping microbial balance gut. Many species also used as probiotics that produce vitamins, stimulate immune response, maintain integrity The use dietary supplements to reinforce some gut components is current aspect functional food sciences treat various diseases. Methodology. In study, 21 Enterococcus strains were isolated identified morphologically, biochemically, physiologically. analyzed for their metabolomics potential by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) high-performance liquid (HPLC) analyses, while disc diffusion method was employed assess antibacterial against known pathogens. vitro antitumor activity determined HCT 116 colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cell lines at different concentrations including 12 mg/ml, 25 50 100 mg/ml. Results. Out strains, 9 showed antimicrobial Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus. Several sensitivity certain antibiotics, such amoxicillin, norfloxacin, streptomycin, vancomycin, nalidixic acid. crude extracts isolates high cytotoxicity Artemia salina significant CRC lines. these exhibited presence variety bioactive metabolites TLC HPLC analysis. Conclusion. study revealed compounds produced can be Moreover, investigated probiotic agents cancer because CRC.

Language: Английский

Editorial: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and antioxidant therapeutics

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 26, 2025

association between OBS and IBD. demonstrated a negative correlation with IBD, particularly among female Crohn's disease (CD) patients. This research highlights the importance of an antioxidant diet lifestyle, potentially offering improved health for patients CD. The study conducted by Chang et al. indicates that increased exposure to antioxidants, evaluated through (diet lifestyle rich in antioxidants), could reduce incidence colorectal cancer (CRC). A significant was identified likelihood developing CRC its various subsites (proximal colon cancer, distal rectal cancer). especially evident male Biomarkers are essential detection diseases evaluating effectiveness treatments (4,5). Serum albumin, uric acid, neutrophil count biomarkers mediating potential CRC.Antioxidants have been suggested as possible alternative treatment antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory medications used treat GI disorders. There types each exhibiting distinct mechanisms action application specific clinical applications (6). Natural compounds can scavenge ROS enhance body's defense (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), inhibiting pro-oxidative enzymes aiding When capacity damaged mucosa is diminished, nontraditional therapies, including pharmaceuticals, natural or synthetic agents, hormones, probiotics neutralize reactive oxygen nitrogen species, mitigate cellular damage (protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, DNA modification) function enzymes, helpful when conjunction anti-inflammatory independently (14)(15)(16)(17). Muro provided comprehensive overview involvement OS pathophysiology highlighting diagnostic targets exploring use therapies manage Markers OS, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, serum-free thiols, were blood stool correlated severity. Consequently, markers serve dual purpose, both diagnosis assessment IBD efficacy. also focus on such glutathione, vitamin C, E, N-acetylcysteine. In their review, Sahoo examined range polyphenolic substances, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, green tea flavonoids, luteolin, genistein, xanthohumol, alpinetin, silymarin, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins phenolic thymol, alkaloids like berberine, storage polysaccharides tamarind xyloglucan, phytochemicals represented isothiocyanate sulforaphane food/spices ginger, flaxseed oil, along hormones melatonin, all which target signaling pathways intestinal inflammation associated He relationship dietary carotenoid intake soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) plasma levels elderly adults. overall consumption carotenoids showed positive concentrations S-Klotho population, ingestion α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein zeaxanthin. gut microbiota (GM), includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, viruses, significantly influences host (18,19). GM plays crucial role epithelial barrier, aids metabolism, offers protection against pathogens, impacts development mucosal immune system (19). Numerous findings illustrate prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics human animal health, contributing maintenance healthy microbiota, enhancing promoting tolerance, helping regulate proinflammatory response (18,(20)(21)(22). underlying functional disorders encompass alterations microbiota/gut hormone axis, play motility. Hormone receptors discovered inflamed regions, demonstrating ability trigger pro-and responses. Dai review pathogenesis cardiovascular (CVD), addressing factors inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, dysbiosis GM. Research functions "microbial organ" influencing "gut-heart" axis presents promising pathway preventing treating CVD. number potent derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) identified, acids, stilbenes, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, demonstrate therapeutic effects CVDs. TCM address CVD mechanisms, properties, antiinflammatory effects, enhancement function, prevention cell death (including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis), modulation Clinical trials safety reducing symptoms Studies indicate numerous monomers sugar early renal via "gut-liver-kidney axis" while mitigating pathological kidneys. Xu exhibits protective influence kidneys interaction farnesoid X receptor (FXR). TCMs modulate microbiota-bile (BA) thereby slowing progression DKD. distinctive benefits kidney tissue damage, managing glucose lowering urinary protein levels, determined. DKD, there reduction supplementation these elements restore mucosa, reverse structural individuals TCM, combination Salvia miltiorrhiza Astragalus membranaceus effective prescription DKD (23). A. S. enhanced prevalence Akkermansia, muciniphila, Lactobacillus, L. murinus. While Akkermansia muciniphila exhibited synthesis arachidonic metabolites, Lactobacillus murinus exhibit glycerophospholipid suggesting may contribute positively flora distribution. Another astragaloside IV (AS-IV), active component astragaloside, facilitates release Nrf2 Kelch-like ECHassociated 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 complex counteracts dysfunction (24). Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, formulation, has improve metabolism rats advanced glycation endproducts (AGE)/ AGE (RAGE)/ kinase B (Akt)/Nrf2 triglyceride low-density lipoprotein cholesterol safeguard (25). Mycobacterial species possess powerful immunomodulatory capability, primarily due wall composition. Abdallah explore prophylactic anti-diabetic heat-killed Mycobacterium aurum (HK-MA) mice streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Prophylactic administration three doses HK-MA diabetic led notable decrease compared control mice. notably normalized altered expression liver uncoupling 2 (UCP2), lactate dehydrogenase, skeletal muscle UCP3. lower hyperglycemia support supplement improving diabetes management. might be partially linked effect brought about HK-MA. However, still hypothesis necessitates additional research. contrast, Shi microbiome tumorpromoting anti-tumor effects. They outlined bacterial strategies tumors, encompassing engineered approaches. conditions, particular anaerobes parthenogenetic anaerobes, accumulate proliferate within tumor environment. occurrence triggers series responses body eventually lead metabolic by-products, induction cascades, responses, alteration microbial abundance colonization sites. metabolite indole-3-propionic aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) agonist. It reduces colonic cells, consequently hindering carcinogenesis anticancer Bifidobacterium classified advantages CRC. produces metabolites proliferation regulating suppressing important highlight butyrate, recognized most thoroughly researched short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), role, possessing promote tumorigenesis elicit Butyrate demonstrates combat Fas p21 models pro-carcinogenic activities intestine, histone deacetylases. These actions inhibition further progression. Furthermore, butyrate preserving integrity functioning intestines. bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (BTS-MR) Liu illustrated intricate thyroid dysfunction. underlines selecting more targeted uphold thyroid-gut homeostasis, prevention, management, reversal development. BTS-MR genera Intestinimonas, Eubacterium brachy group, Ruminiclostridium, Ruminococcaceae UCG004 risk decreased function. Lachnospiraceae UCG008, phyla Actinobacteria Verrucomicrobia, effects.Exploring products (26,27) production therapeutics molecular farming (28) garnered interest recent years reduced adverse medications. Considering current scientific evidence, it seems forthcoming incorporate antioxidants alongside conventional medical approach humans animals suffering necessary before utilized practice.

Language: Английский

Decoding the Gut Microbiome in Companion Animals: Impacts and Innovations

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1831 - 1831

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

The changing notion of “companion animals” and their increasing global status as family members underscores the dynamic interaction between gut microbiota host health. This review provides a comprehensive understanding intricate microbial ecology within companion animals required to maintain overall health prevent disease. Exploration specific diseases syndromes linked microbiome alterations (dysbiosis), such inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, neurological conditions like epilepsy, are highlighted. In addition, this an analysis various factors that impact abundance age, breed, habitual diet, microbe-targeted interventions, probiotics. Detection methods including PCR-based algorithms, fluorescence in situ hybridisation, 16S rRNA gene sequencing reviewed, along with limitations need for future advancements. Prospects longitudinal investigations, functional dynamics exploration, accurate identification signatures associated problems offer promising directions research. summary, it is attempt provide deeper insight into orchestration multiple species shaping possible species-specific differences.

Language: Английский