PreTCR Interaction With Self-pMHC: Expanding the Repertoire of Thymocytes During β Selection While Maintaining Developmental Fidelity

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

The Structural Biology of T‐Cell Antigen Detection at Close Contacts

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 331(1)

Published: April 3, 2025

ABSTRACT T cells physically interrogate their targets using tiny membrane protrusions called microvilli, forming junctions ~400 nm in diameter and ~ 15 deep, referred to as “close contacts”. These contacts, which are stabilized by the binding of small adhesion protein CD2 its ligand, CD58 locally exclude large proteins such phosphatase CD45, sites antigen recognition T‐cell receptor (TCR) very early signaling cells. With our collaborators, we have characterized molecular structures several key mediating these events: i.e., ligands, αβ‐ γδ‐TCRs, accessory CD28, CTLA‐4, PD‐1. Here, review structural work insights it offers into events underpinning responsiveness that take place confined space close contact. We reflect on crucial roles organization dimensions likely determining sequence leading at contacts consider general implications for explanations how immune is initiated.

Language: Английский

Intracellular and extracellular stiffness regulation in osteosarcoma: Overcoming mechano-immune checkpoints to enhance anti-osteosarcoma immunity

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 162930 - 162930

Published: April 1, 2025