Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 2 - 20

Published: Dec. 24, 2009

Language: Английский

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Dietary phenolics: chemistry, bioavailability and effects on health

Natural Product Reports, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 1001 - 1001

Published: Jan. 1, 2009

Covering: up to the end of 2008

Language: Английский

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Natural Antioxidants: Sources, Compounds, Mechanisms of Action, and Potential Applications

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 221 - 247

Published: June 14, 2011

Abstract: While use of synthetic antioxidants (such as butylated hydroxytoluene and hydroxyanisole) to maintain the quality ready-to-eat food products has become commonplace, consumer concern regarding their safety motivated industry seek natural alternatives. Phenolic can inhibit free radical formation and/or interrupt propagation autoxidation. Fat-soluble vitamin E (α-tocopherol) water-soluble C (L-ascorbic acid) are both effective in appropriate matrix. Plant extracts, generally used for flavoring characteristics, often have strong H-donating activity thus making them extremely antioxidants. This antioxidant is most due phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic, caffeic, rosmarinic acids), diterpenes (carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmanol, rosmadial), flavonoids (quercetin, catechin, naringenin, kaempferol), volatile oils (eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, menthol). Some plant pigments (anthocyanin anthocyanidin) chelate metals donate H oxygen radicals slowing oxidation via 2 mechanisms. Tea extracts grape seeds skins contain catechins, epicatechins, acids, proanthocyanidins, resveratrol, all which contribute antioxidative activity. The objective this article provide an overview antioxidants, mechanisms action, potential applications.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols as antimicrobial agents

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 174 - 181

Published: Sept. 18, 2011

Language: Английский

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GENETICS AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF SEED FLAVONOIDS

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 405 - 430

Published: Feb. 1, 2006

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that accumulate in most plant seeds and involved physiological functions such as dormancy or viability. This review presents a current view of the genetic biochemical control flavonoid metabolism during seed development. It focuses mainly on proanthocyanidin accumulation Arabidopsis, with comparisons to other related metabolic regulatory pathways. These intricate networks their fine-tuned regulation, once they determined, should contribute better understanding coat development PA flavonol metabolism. In addition, flavonoids provide an interesting model study various biological processes networks.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in the transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 62(8), P. 2465 - 2483

Published: Jan. 28, 2011

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites involved in several aspects of plant development and defence. They colour fruits flowers, favouring seed pollen dispersal, contribute to adaptation environmental conditions such as cold or UV stresses, pathogen attacks. Because they affect the quality flowers (for horticulture), vegetables, their derivatives (colour, aroma, stringency, etc.), flavonoids have a high economic value. Furthermore, these compounds possess pharmaceutical properties extremely attractive for human health. Thanks easily detectable mutant phenotypes, modification petal pigmentation seeds exhibiting transparent testa, enzymes flavonoid biosynthetic pathway been characterized species. Conserved features well specific differences described. Regulation structural gene expression appears tightly organized spatial temporal way during development, is orchestrated by ternary complex involving transcription factors from R2R3-MYB, basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH), WD40 classes. This MYB–bHLH–WD40 (MBW) regulates genes that encode specifically late steps leading biosynthesis anthocyanins condensed tannins. Although encoding three families identified, many gaps remain our understanding regulation this pathway, especially about respective roles bHLH proteins. A better knowledge regulatory mechanisms likely favour new biotechnological tools generation value-added plants with optimized content.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 180 - 209

Published: Dec. 16, 2020

Abstract Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the most important metabolisms in plants, yielding more than 8,000 metabolites contributing to plant development and plant–environment interplay. materialized during evolution early freshwater algae that were initiating terrestrialization land plants have evolved multiple branches this pathway, which give rise including lignin, flavonoids, lignans, phenylpropanoid esters, hydroxycinnamic acid amides, sporopollenin. Recent studies revealed many factors participate regulation metabolism, modulate homeostasis when undergo successive developmental processes are subjected stressful environments. In review, we summarize recent progress on elucidating contribution coordination interaction, metabolic flux redirection among diverse routes. addition, our review focuses at transcriptional, post‐transcriptional, post‐translational, epigenetic levels, response phytohormones biotic abiotic stresses.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoid oxidation in plants: from biochemical properties to physiological functions

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 29 - 36

Published: Dec. 13, 2006

Language: Английский

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Grapevine under deficit irrigation: hints from physiological and molecular data

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 105(5), P. 661 - 676

Published: March 18, 2010

A large proportion of vineyards are located in regions with seasonal drought (e.g. Mediterranean-type climates) where soil and atmospheric water deficits, together high temperatures, exert constraints on yield quality. The increasing demand for vineyard irrigation requires an improvement the efficiency use. Deficit has emerged as a potential strategy to allow crops withstand mild stress little or no decreases yield, potentially positive impact fruit Understanding physiological molecular bases grapevine responses moderate deficits is fundamental optimize deficit management identify most suitable varieties those conditions. How whole plant acclimatizes scarcity how short- long-distance chemical hydraulic signals intervene reviewed. Chemical compounds synthesized drying roots shown act inducing leaf stomatal closure and/or restricting growth. This explains why some plants endure without significant changes shoot status. control by aperture via feed-forward mechanisms associated 'isohydric' behaviour contrast 'anysohydric' which lower potentials attained. review discusses differences this respect between grapevines experimental Mild also direct indirect (via light environment around grape clusters) effects berry development composition; higher content skin-based constituents tannins anthocyanins) generally being reported. Regulation under genes proteins various metabolic pathways responsible composition therefore wine quality

Language: Английский

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The Phenylpropanoid Pathway in Arabidopsis

The Arabidopsis Book, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 9, P. e0152 - e0152

Published: Jan. 1, 2011

The phenylpropanoid pathway serves as a rich source of metabolites in plants, being required for the biosynthesis lignin, and serving starting point production many other important compounds, such flavonoids, coumarins, lignans. In spite fact that phenylpropanoids their derivatives are sometimes classified secondary metabolites, relevance to plant survival has been made clear via study Arabidopsis species. As model system, helped elucidate details pathway, its enzymes intermediates, interconnectedness with metabolism whole. These advances our understanding have possible large part by relative ease which mutations can be generated, identified, studied Arabidopsis. Herein, we provide an overview research progress recent years, emphasizing both genes (and gene families) associated Arabidopsis, end products contributed identification mutants deficient metabolism: sinapate esters.

Language: Английский

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