The changing biological roles of melatonin during evolution: from an antioxidant to signals of darkness, sexual selection and fitness

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 85(3), P. 607 - 623

Published: Dec. 21, 2009

Melatonin is a molecule present in multitude of taxa and may be ubiquitous organisms. It has been found bacteria, unicellular eukaryotes, macroalgae, fungi, plants animals. A primary biological function melatonin primitive organisms antioxidant defence to protect against toxic free radical damage. During evolution, adopted by multicellular perform many other functions. These functions likely include the chemical expression darkness vertebrates, environmental tolerance fungi plants, sexual signaling birds fish, seasonal reproductive regulation photoperiodic mammals, immunomodulation anti-inflammatory activity all vertebrates tested. Moreover, its waning production during aging indicate senescence terms bio-clock Conversely, high levels can serve as signal vitality health. The multiple partially attributed unconventional metabolism which comprised multi-enzymatic, pseudo-enzymatic non-enzymatic pathways. As result, several bioactive metabolites are formed some presumed reported date may, fact, mediated these metabolites. changing roles seem have evolved from an antioxidant.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin mitigates cadmium phytotoxicity through modulation of phytochelatins biosynthesis, vacuolar sequestration, and antioxidant potential in Solanum lycopersicum L

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Aug. 11, 2015

Melatonin is a ubiquitous signal molecule, playing crucial roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. Recently, toxic metal cadmium (Cd) has been reported to regulate melatonin content rice; however, the function of under Cd stress, particularly higher plants, still remains elusive. Here, we show that optimal dose could effectively ameliorate Cd-induced phytotoxicity tomato. The contents were gradually increased over time stress. However, such increase endogenous was incapable reverse detrimental effects Cd. Meanwhile, supplementation with conferred tolerance as evident by biomass photosynthesis. In addition notable antioxidant enzymes activity, melatonin-induced mitigation closely associated enhanced H + -ATPase activity glutathione phytochelatins. Although exogenous had no effect on root content, it significantly reduced leaf indicating its role transport. Analysis different subcellular compartments revealed cell wall vacuolar fractions Our results suggest enhancements potential, phytochelatins biosynthesis subsequent sequestration might play critical Such mechanism may have potential implication safe food production.

Language: Английский

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A brief review about melatonin, a pineal hormone

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 62(4), P. 472 - 479

Published: Aug. 1, 2018

Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule in nature, being locally synthesized several cells and tissues, besides hormone that centrally produced the pineal gland of vertebrates, particularly mammals. Its synthesis timed by suprachiasmatic nucleus, synchronized to light-dark cycle via retinohypothalamic tract, placing melatonin at night, provided its dark. This unique trait turns into an internal synchronizer adequately times organism's physiology daily seasonal demands. Besides amphiphilic, presents specific mechanisms ways action devoted role as time-giving agent, widely spread organism. The present review aims focus on with action, presenting clinical syndromes related and/or function disruptions.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Antioxidative Defense: Therapeutical Implications for Aging and Neurodegenerative Processes

Neurotoxicity Research, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 267 - 300

Published: June 27, 2012

Language: Английский

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Phytomelatonin: a universal abiotic stress regulator

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 69(5), P. 963 - 974

Published: Dec. 19, 2017

Melatonin, a derivative of tryptophan, was first detected in plant species 1995 and it has been shown to be diverse regulator during growth development, stress responses. Recently, great progress made towards determining the detailed functions melatonin responses abiotic stress. Melatonin priming improves tolerance cold, heat, salt, drought stresses through regulation genes involved DREB/CBF, HSF, SOS, ABA pathways, respectively. As scavenger free radicals, also directly detoxifies reactive oxygen species, thus alleviating membrane oxidation. Abiotic stress-inhibited photosynthesis is partially recovered metabolites accumulate presence melatonin, leading improved growth, delayed leaf senescence, increased tolerance. In this review, we summarize interactions with phytohormones regulate downstream gene expression, protein stabilization, epigenetic modification plants. Finally, consider need for, approaches to, identification receptors components signaling transduction pathways.

Language: Английский

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