Journal of King Saud University - Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
33(8), P. 101599 - 101599
Published: Sept. 9, 2021
The
increasing
trend
of
extreme
heat
events
poses
serious
implications
for
rice
production
in
China,
especially
when
it
coincides
with
the
heat-sensitive
reproductive
growth
period
(RGP)
leading
to
high
temperature-induced
spikelet
sterility.
(2)
Methods:
This
study
analyzed
long-term
meteorological
data
Jiangsu
province,
located
at
lower
reaches
Yangtze
River
Valley,
ascertain
changing
trends
temperature
extremes.
Moreover,
stress
days
and
nights
were
derived
from
extremes,
during
RGP
as
a
proxy
sterility
province.
defined
three
ways,
higher
daily
maximum
(≥35
°C,
hot
day,
HD),
minimum
(≥28
night,
HN)
both
critical
limits
(severe
SHD).
(3)
Results:
analysis
revealed
that
definite
warming
hiatus
1970s
transitional
phase
1980s
evident
temperatures
(TMX)
Warm
phases
since
1990s
day
night
Asymmetric
TMX
(TMN)
reduced
diurnal
range
(DTR)
over
time.
slight
negative
HD
observed,
while
TMN,
HN
SHD
strongly
positive
province
regional
variations.
(4)
Conclusion:
Observed
HNs,
SHDs,
well
decreasing
DTR
can
be
threat
Rice
crop
Southern
is
more
vulnerable
extremes
northern
Jiangsu,
crucial.
These
findings
could
have
useful
improving
yield
under
climate.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
9(12), P. 1780 - 1780
Published: Dec. 16, 2020
Efforts
to
develop
more
environmentally
friendly
alternatives
traditional
broad-spectrum
pesticides
in
agriculture
have
recently
turned
RNA
interference
(RNAi)
technology.
With
the
built-in,
sequence-specific
knockdown
of
gene
targets
following
delivery
double-stranded
(dsRNA),
RNAi
offers
promise
controlling
pests
and
pathogens
without
adversely
affecting
non-target
species.
Significant
advances
efficacy
this
technology
been
observed
a
wide
range
species,
including
many
insect
fungal
pathogens.
Two
different
dsRNA
application
methods
are
being
developed.
First,
host
induced
silencing
(HIGS)
harnesses
production
through
thoughtful
precise
engineering
transgenic
plants
second,
spray
(SIGS)
that
uses
surface
applications
topically
applied
molecule.
Regardless
method,
one
aspect
is
critical
success
ability
target
organism
internalize
take
advantage
cellular
machinery.
The
efficiency
uptake
mechanisms
varies
across
some
negligible,
rendering
them
effectively
resistant
new
generation
control
technologies.
If
RNAi-based
be
used
widely,
it
critically
important
understand
underpinning
uptake.
Understanding
will
also
provide
insight
into
design
formulation
dsRNAs
for
improved
clues
development
potential
resistance
these
Climatic Change,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
177(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract
Climate
change
will
push
the
planet
worryingly
close
to
its
boundaries,
across
all
latitudes
and
levels
of
development.
One
question
therefore
is
extent
which
climate
does
(and
will)
severely
affect
societies’
livelihoods,
health,
well-being,
cultures.
This
paper
discusses
“severe
risks”
concept
developed
under
Working
Group
II’s
contribution
Fifth
Sixth
Assessment
Reports
Intergovernmental
Panel
on
Change
(IPCC,
AR5,
AR6).
Focusing
low-lying
coastal
socio-ecological
systems
(LCS)
acknowledging
that
attempts
define
“severe”
risk
have
been
problematic
at
level
global
syntheses,
we
argue
for
a
more
place-
people-based
framing
relating
“habitability
changing
climate.”
We
summarize
habitability
in
terms
five
pillars:
land,
freshwater,
food,
settlement
infrastructure,
economic
subsistence
activities;
acknowledge
social
cultural
factors
(including
perceptions,
values,
governance
arrangements,
human
agency,
power
structures)
as
critical
underlying
rather
than
separate
pillars.
further
develop
examine
future
health
three
“hotspot”
archetypes
(arctic
coasts,
atoll
islands,
densely
populated
urban
areas).
Building
IPCC
AR6
severe
risks,
discuss
key
parameters
describing
risks
LCS:
point
irreversibility
changes,
physical
thresholds
,
cascading
effects
various
dimensions.
also
highlight
variability
conditions
both
between
within
each
them.
Further
work
should
consist
refining
case
study
find
right
balance
capturing
context-specificities
through
real-world
local
studies
commonalities
derived
from
generic
archetypes.
In
addition,
there
need
identify
appropriate
methods
assess
thus
habitability.
Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
377(6612), P. 1315 - 1319
Published: Sept. 15, 2022
Global
food
security
depends
on
the
sustainability
of
irrigated
agriculture.
Rising
groundwater
withdrawals
from
seasonally
humid,
alluvial
plains
across
tropical
Asia
have
enabled
dry-season
rice
cultivation.
This
pumpage
increases
available
subsurface
storage
that
under
favorable
conditions
amplifies
replenishment
during
subsequent
monsoon.
We
empirically
quantified
this
nature-based
solution
to
seasonal
freshwater
capture
described
as
"Bengal
Water
Machine,"
revealing
its
potential
and
limitations.
On
basis
a
million
piezometric
observations
465
monitoring
wells,
we
show
collective
operation
~16
smallholder
farmers
in
Bengal
Basin
Bangladesh
1988
2018
has
induced
cumulative
volumetrically
(75
90
cubic
kilometers)
is
equivalent
twice
reservoir
capacity
Three
Gorges
Dam.
Abstract
The
ties
between
a
society
and
its
local
ecosystem
can
decouple
as
societies
develop
replace
services
such
food
or
water
regulation
via
trade
technology.
River
deltas
have
developed
into
important,
yet
threatened,
urban,
agricultural
industrial
centres.
Here,
we
use
global
spatial
datasets
to
explore
how
49
respond
four
human
modification
indicators,
e.g.
population
density,
across
235
large
deltas.
We
formed
bundles
of
statistically
correlated
examined
if
their
relationship
with
changed.
Decoupling
all
robust
service
from
at
least
one
indicator
was
indicated
in
34%
deltas,
while
53%
displayed
decoupling
for
bundle.
Food-related
increased
modification,
the
other
declined.
Our
findings
suggest
two
developmental
pathways
deltas:
coupled
systems
risking
irreversible
biodiversity
loss;
decoupled
urban
centres
externalising
impact
growing
demands.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(9), P. 1855 - 1855
Published: April 30, 2023
Plants
irrigated
with
saline
solutions
undergo
osmotic
and
oxidative
stresses,
which
affect
their
growth,
photosynthetic
activity
yield.
Therefore,
the
use
of
water
for
irrigation,
in
addition
to
increasing
soil
salinity,
is
one
major
threats
crop
productivity
worldwide.
Plant
tolerance
stressful
conditions
can
be
improved
using
different
strategies,
i.e.,
seed
priming
acclimation,
elicit
morphological
biochemical
responses
overcome
stress.
In
this
work,
we
evaluated
combined
effect
acclimation
on
salt
stress
response
a
tomato
cultivar
(Solanum
lycopersicum
L.),
very
sensitive
salinity.
Chemical
seeds
was
performed
by
treating
polyamines
(PAs):
2.5
mM
putrescine
(PUT),
spermine
(SPM)
spermidine
(SPD).
Germinated
primed
non-primed
(controls)
were
sown
non-saline
soil.
The
consisted
irrigating
seedlings
2
weeks
tap
water,
followed
irrigation
4
weeks.
At
end
growth
period,
morphological,
physiological
parameters
determined.
positive
effects
treatments
evident,
when
plants
compared
non-primed,
grown
under
same
conditions.
Priming
PAs
stress,
reduced
negative
salinity
membrane
integrity,
increased
pigments,
proline
enzymatic
non-enzymatic
antioxidant
all
salt-exposed
plants.
These
results
may
open
new
perspectives
strategies
increase
species,
such
as
tomato.