Tip rates, phylogenies and diversification: What are we estimating, and how good are the estimates?

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 821 - 834

Published: Jan. 21, 2019

Abstract Species‐specific diversification rates, or ‘tip rates’, can be computed quickly from phylogenies and are widely used to study rate variation in relation geography, ecology phenotypes. These tip rates provide a number of theoretical practical advantages, such as the relaxation assumptions homogeneity trait‐dependent studies. However, there is substantial confusion literature regarding whether these metrics estimate speciation net rates. Additionally, no has yet compared relative performance accuracy across simulated scenarios. We statistical three model‐free (inverse terminal branch lengths; node density metric; DR statistic) model‐based approach (Bayesian analysis macroevolutionary mixtures [BAMM]). applied each method large set that had been generated under different processes. summarized type variation, magnitude heterogeneity regime size. also ability both show decisively better than diversification. Error estimates increases function extinction rate. In contrast, error low relatively insensitive extinction. Overall, particular when was high, BAMM inferred most accurate exhibited lower non‐model‐based approaches. highly correlated with true but high variance, best metric for very small regimes. found that, tested, useful studying dynamics Although more overall, two approaches have complementary strengths. Because reliable estimators rate, we recommend empirical studies using exercise caution drawing biological interpretations any situation where distinction between important.

Language: Английский

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Sixty-fifth Supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds

Ornithology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 141(3)

Published: July 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world’s babblers (Aves: Passeriformes)

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 346 - 356

Published: Oct. 12, 2018

Language: Английский

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Divergence time estimation of Galliformes based on the best gene shopping scheme of ultraconserved elements

BMC Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2021

Abstract Background Divergence time estimation is fundamental to understanding many aspects of the evolution organisms, such as character evolution, diversification, and biogeography. With development sequence technology, improved analytical methods, knowledge fossils for calibration, it possible obtain robust molecular dating results. However, while phylogenomic datasets show great promise in phylogenetic estimation, best ways leverage large amounts data divergence has not been well explored. A potential solution focus on a subset which can significantly reduce computational burdens avoid problems with heterogeneity that may bias Results In this study, we obtained thousands ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 130 extant galliform taxa, including representatives all genera, determine times throughout history. We tested effects different “gene shopping” schemes using carefully, previously validated, set fossils. Our results found commonly used clock-like be suitable UCE (or other types) where some loci have little information. suggest use partitioning (e.g., PartitionFinder) selection tree-like partitions good strategies select UCEs. tree largely consistent clock studies mitochondrial nuclear loci. our increased taxon sampling, well-resolved topology, carefully vetted fossil calibrations, high quality tree. Conclusions provide backbone combined more records further facilitate Galliformes resource comparative biogeographic group.

Language: Английский

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Gray Partridges (Phasianidae: Genera Perdix and Enkuria gen. nov.) from the Early Pleistocene of Crimea and Remarks on the Evolution of the Genus Perdix

Paleontological Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 335 - 352

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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“Into and Out of” the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau and the Himalayas: Centers of origin and diversification across five clades of Eurasian montane and alpine passerine birds

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(17), P. 9283 - 9300

Published: Aug. 4, 2020

Abstract Encompassing some of the major hotspots biodiversity on Earth, large mountain systems have long held attention evolutionary biologists. The region Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) is considered a biogeographic source for multiple colonization events into adjacent areas including northern Palearctic. faunal exchange between QTP and regions could thus represent one‐way street (“out of” QTP). However, immigration has so far received only little attention, despite its potential to shape floral communities QTP. In this study, we investigated centers origin dispersal routes QTP, forested margins five clades alpine montane birds passerine superfamily Passeroidea. We performed an ancestral area reconstruction using BioGeoBEARS inferred time‐calibrated backbone phylogeny 279 taxa oldest endemic species was dated early Miocene (ca. 20 Ma). Several additional endemics evolved in mid late (12–7 diversification our target matched “out Tibet hypothesis’ or Himalayas hypothesis” others they “into hypothesis.” Three radiations included independent Pleistocene as distant Western Palearctic Nearctic. conclude that bidirectional through time, harbored both immigration.

Language: Английский

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The role of evolutionary time, diversification rates and dispersal in determining the global diversity of a large radiation of passerine birds

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 47(7), P. 1612 - 1625

Published: April 24, 2020

Abstract Aim Variation in species diversity among different geographical areas may result from differences speciation and extinction rates, immigration time for diversification. An area with high be the of a net diversification rate, multiple events adjacent regions, long available accumulation (known as ‘time‐for‐speciation effect’). Here, we examine relative importance three aforementioned processes shaping patterns large radiation passerine birds. Location Global. Taxon Babblers (Aves: Passeriformes). Methods Using comprehensive phylogeny extant (~90% sampled) distributions world's babblers, reconstructed their biogeographical history analysed dynamics. We examined how richness correlates timing regional colonization, number rate within all 13 distribution regions. Results found that babblers likely originated Sino‐Himalayan Mountains (SHM) early Miocene, suggesting SHM. Regression analyses showed can well explained by first colonization these areas, while rates or have far weaker effects. Nonetheless, rapid Zosterops during Pleistocene has accounted increased oceanic islands. Main Conclusions Our results suggest global predominantly been shaped time‐for‐speciation effect. findings also support an origin centred tropical subtropical parts SHM, cradle recent islands Indo‐Pacific Indian Ocean which provides new insights into generation biodiversity hotspots.

Language: Английский

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Joint effects of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation on the species assemblage of the Tibetan Plateau

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(4), P. 640 - 653

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Abstract Aim Mountains harbour a rich and non‐random cluster of species, yet knowledge the species' biological attributes that support their coexistence in montane community is limited. Here, we investigated association species occurrence on Tibetan Plateau with morphological, ecological or evolutionary constraints. Location (TP). Taxon Mammals birds. Methods We tested whether TP correlates constraints using spatial distribution, phylogeny, dispersal ability thermal niche property data for 1353 terrestrial vertebrates (383 mammals 970 birds). used standard (non‐phylogenetic) phylogenetic logistic regressions to elucidate relative contributions these explaining TP. assessed geographical patterns structures fitted linear mixed models explore underlying eco‐evolutionary forces. Results The exhibited higher cold tolerance, wider breadth rate evolution than non‐TP species. supported assumption were not random subset from pool, but structured jointly by environmental filtering limitation. While processes assemblages varied spatially among taxa, found stressful environments limited filtering, whereas limitation was more pronounced under favourable climatic conditions. Main conclusions Our study finds shape assemblage These findings provide significant insights into assembly other ecosystems Earth, especially those are sensitive global warming.

Language: Английский

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Habitat Use and Spatial Distribution Patterns of Endangered Pheasants on the Southern Slopes of the Himalayas

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03414 - e03414

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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How to Identify Priority Sites for Invasive Alien Species Policy and Management

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Identifying priority species and introduction pathways has long been a goal of national international policy for reducing mitigating the impacts invasive alien (IAS). Although identifying sites invasion management is included within Target 6 Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, methods doing so that capture both site sensitivity (i.e., level biodiversity value) susceptibility to have received little attention. Here we describe implement data‐driven approach identification integrates spatial conservation planning modelling techniques. Location Australia. Methods We use modelled distributions 5113 Australian native 12 insect as case study demonstrating purposes IAS surveillance management. The consists three components, namely sensitive, susceptible subsequently their overlap sites). also compare our with proposed alternative sites, Australia's key area (KBA) network. Results Numerous sensitive were identified across Australia using large taxonomically diverse set areas known importance. Most had high degree 10 out having median sensitivities above 0.70. demonstrate that, by comparison, KBA's can underestimate potential threat environmentally insects. Main Conclusions Given most may not be implementing site‐based prioritisation approaches should account components guide effectively mitigate environmental impacts. demonstrated here applied at multiple sub‐national scales improve efficiency interventions IAS.

Language: Английский

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