Published: Sept. 27, 2021
Language: Английский
New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(4), P. 1636 - 1646
Published: July 26, 2023
Regions harbouring high unique phylogenetic diversity (PD) are priority targets for conservation. Here, we analyse the global distribution of plant PD, which remains poorly understood despite plants being foundation most terrestrial habitats and key to human livelihoods. Capitalising on a recently completed, comprehensive checklist vascular plants, identify hotspots PD test three hypotheses: (1) is more evenly distributed than species diversity; (2) areas highest (often called 'hotspots') do not maximise cumulative PD; (3) many biomes needed PD. Our results support all twice as regions required cover 50% compared species; that substantially differ from with outstanding individual while (sub-)tropical moist forest dominate across hotspots, other types open also essential. Safeguarding in Anthropocene (including protection some comparatively species-poor areas) global, increasingly recognised responsibility. Having highlighted countries further analyses now fully understand associated conservation imperatives spatial scales.
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(3), P. 289 - 300
Published: Nov. 29, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
29
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 138(4), P. 437 - 452
Published: March 11, 2023
Abstract Upstream colonizations from islands to continents have played an important role in two major global bird radiations: the oscine passerines and pigeons. Here, we investigate insular diversification upstream dispersal dynamics of pigeons (Columbiformes) within Indo-Australian Archipelago using a supermatrix fossil-calibrated phylogeny model-based biogeographical analyses. These analyses show that Melanesia, now centred on New Guinea considered separately Australia, been centre pigeon since Eocene–Oligocene transition (~34 Mya). Geological reconstructions are concordant suggesting arc terranes continental ribbon fragments underpin contemporary Melanesian region might formed extensive archipelagos for much Oligocene Miocene. also inferred functioned as net source lineages Asia especially Australia. Arboreal fruit-eating colonized nearby multiple occasions yet little evidence subsequent radiation. Insular terrestrial largely unable colonize Asia, single Miocene colonization Australia preceded endemic may well be frequent process history surrounds, however ecological environmental factors likely place strong constraints its success evolutionary outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Biodiversity Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(12), P. 23261 - 23261
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Background & Aims: The regions of Southeast Asia are recognized as global biodiversity hotspots that require conservation priority.Since the mid-19th century, has been widely considered one most important foundations biogeography.This recognition stems from groundbreaking field works Alfred Russel Wallace, who spent eight years to extensively explore and proposed geographic distribution patterns fauna in Malesia (or Malay Archipelago).Wallace's Asia, such famous "Wallace Line"•综述• 华莱士诞辰200周年纪念专题
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(9), P. 1639 - 1652
Published: June 7, 2023
Abstract Aim Little is known about the distribution of grasses throughout Australia. Using endemism as a basis for understanding biogeographical distributions, we hypothesised that contemporary species richness would be result environmental factors and dynamic ecological interactions spanning more than 25 Ma. Location Taxon Grasses. Methods We mapped all Australian grass modelled climatic landscape correlates according to photosynthetic type (C 3 or C 4 ), endemism, age in Australia, phylogenetic lineage traits linked dominance, using height proxy. Age classes comprised ‘Ancient’ (Gondwanan), three others related migration during Sunda‐Sahul Interchange (SSI): Early, Mid Recent. In some analyses, ‘Ancient’, ‘Early SSI’ ‘Mid were combined into ‘Pre‐Recent SSI’. Results Overall, increased with warmer mean annual temperatures, while was higher cooler areas. Recent SSI had strong associations summer rains dominant continent's northeast, Pre‐Recent concentrated southeast, pattern largely reflecting respectively). Endemic shared patterns support sequence which most Pooideae Panicoideae genera arrived Australia before Pliocene aridifications, followed by Chloridoideae aridification increased, Andropogoneae immigrating recently across Lake Carpentaria's open habitats later Pleistocene. significantly taller endemic grasses. Main Conclusions The few present grew influx contributed dramatic changes—including creation northern savannas—with repercussions resident taxa. Contemporary methods fuel management could promoting invasion grass, thereby jeopardising conditions suited ancient taxa threatening region's evolutionary history.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 6, 2024
Abstract The orchid genus Dipodium R.Br. (Epidendroideae) comprises leafy autotrophic and leafless mycoheterotrophic species, the latter confined to sect. . This study examined plastome degeneration in a phylogenomic temporal context. Whole plastomes were reconstructed annotated for 24 samples representing 14 species two putatively new encompassing over 80% of diversity Phylogenomic analysis based on 68 plastid loci including broad outgroup sampling across Orchidaceae found Leopardanthus as sister lineage Dipodium. ensifolium , only was all leafless, supporting single evolutionary origin mycoheterotrophy genus. Divergence time estimations that arose ca. 33.3 Ma near lower boundary Oligocene crown diversification commenced late Miocene, 11.3 Ma. Mycoheterotrophy estimated have evolved 7.3 Ma, comparative assessment structure gene degradation revealed ndh genes pseudogenised or physically lost both sections. Levels vary among well within providing evidence relaxed selection retention NADH dehydrogenase complex exhibits an early stage genome retained full set functional photosynthesis-related housekeeping genes. provides important insights into along transition from autotrophy
Language: Английский
Citations
1
International Journal of Plant Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 185(5), P. 482 - 502
Published: July 25, 2024
Premise of research. The Neogene collision the Australian tectonic plate (Sahul) with Southeast Asia (Sunda) restructured vegetation both regions. rarity plant macrofossils from Sunda has limited understanding precollision and plants that migrated to Sahul. Despite importance legumes in living flora, no Malesian reproductive or pre-Neogene fossils Fabaceae are known. Methodology. We collected 47 Tambak Member Tanjung Formation (middle-late Eocene) while surveying Wahana Baratama coal mine near Satui, South Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. These represent Asian forests before Sahul-Sunda collision. studied three isolated large (up 72 mm length) seeds upper Member, along 43 fossil leaves two palynological samples lower Member. Pivotal results. describe extinct legume Jantungspermum gunnellii gen. et sp. nov. J. flattened on one side, bilobed, heart shaped a long hilum (~60 mm) overlain suture, closely resembling Castanospermum, black bean tree. seven morphotypes, which include but otherwise unidentifiable. One specimen preserves situ cuticle. palynoflora includes diverse ferns palms, Typhaceae, Onagraceae, forest taxa, including Podocarpaceae, Sapindaceae, Fabaceae, indicating largely freshwater coastal swamp environment Conclusions. double length Castanospermum seeds, representing related papilionoid taxon. discovery suggests Sundan history, much later Sunda-Sahul migration, an eventual extinction for lineage, today inhabits rainforests northern Australasia. only known relative oldest Malesia, largest angiosperm seeds. new leaves, palynomorphs provide window into Eocene rare macrofossil evidence history Australasian lineage.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Australian Systematic Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 1 - 20
Published: Feb. 8, 2023
Research into the systematics of Prostanthera recently revealed close evolutionary relationship among P. phylicifolia sens. str., critically endangered gilesii, and a population uncertain identity from Central Tablelands New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Previous analyses were unable to establish whether genetic boundaries separated these taxa. This study assessed species three taxa by using combination single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) sampled at population-scale multivariate analysis morphological characters. Ordination, model-based clustering, F-statistics, neighbour-network analysis, phylogenetic ancestry coefficient estimates all provided support for discrete differences Morphological phenetic recovered congruent clusters identified suite corresponding diagnostic congruence molecular evidence supports presence independently evolving lineages, two which correspond with previously described gilesii str. The third taxon, represented single NSW, is here as volucris R.P.O’Donnell. A detailed description, line drawings photographs are provided. We evaluate satisfying criteria be considered Critically Endangered.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Australian Systematic Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 570 - 586
Published: Sept. 14, 2021
In the present study, we tested chronological and geographic origins of mostly arid Australian Ptilotus (Amaranthaceae) its close relatives (i.e. ‘aervoids’) by reconstructing a dated phylogeny with near-comprehensive sampling for estimating ancestral ranges. We investigated climatic niche evolution within identified likely subsequent shifts states variables on phylogeny, which was visualised using phyloecospace approach. Geospatial analyses were employed to identify probable diversification hotspots Australia. inferred that aervoids originated in Oligocene Africa–Asia arrived northern Australia dispersal Early Miocene. Subsequent rapid, giving rise all major clades western Eremaean time an aridification pulse Middle Climatic from into monsoonal temperate southern are apparent multiple independent species groups. Our support hypothesis pre-adaptation aridity early arrival aridifying integral success Ptilotus, has been source biodiversity genus radiations neighbouring zones.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76(6), P. 1209 - 1228
Published: March 19, 2022
The expansions and contractions of a species' range in response to temporal changes selective filters leave genetic signatures that can inform more accurate reconstruction their evolutionary history across the landscape. After long period continental decline, Australian rainforests settled into localized patterns contraction or expansion during climatic fluctuations Quaternary. environmental impacts recurring glacial interglacial periods also intensified arrival new lineages from Sunda shelf, it be expected immigrant versus locally persistent taxa responded challenges quantifiably different manner. To investigate how such differences impact on distribution, we contrast landscape genomic habitat availability between species with Doryphora sassafras Sunda-derived (Toona ciliata), distributional overlap. Extensive landscape-level homogeneity chloroplast nuclear genomes for T. ciliata, characterize signature very recent invasion rapid southern "exploratory" had not been previously recorded flora (i.e., Gondwanan origin Sahul-derived). In contrast, D. is consistent other Sahul-derived characterized by strong geographical divergence regional differentiation. Interestingly, our findings suggest admixture genetically divergent populations events might contributing factor successful colonization novel habitats. Overall, this study identifies some mechanisms regulating rearrangements distributions assemblage composition follow major shifts, reminds us current necessarily define preference, consequence estimates past future always reliable.
Language: Английский
Citations
4