Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling: An important molecular mechanism of herbal medicine in the treatment of atherosclerosis via the protection of vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 43 - 63

Published: July 6, 2021

Recently, Nrf2/HO-1 has received extensive attention as the main regulatory pathway of intracellular defense against oxidative stress and is considered an ideal target for alleviating endothelial cell (EC) injury.This paper aimed to summarized natural monomers/extracts that potentially exert protective effects in ECs.A literature search was carried out regarding our topic with keywords "atherosclerosis" or "Nrf2/HO-1" "vascular cells" "oxidative stress" "Herbal medicine" "natural products" extracts" compounds" "traditional Chinese medicines" based on classic books herbal medicine scientific databases including Pubmed, SciFinder, Scopus, Web Science, GoogleScholar, BaiduScholar, others. Then, we analyzed possible molecular mechanisms different types compounds treatment atherosclerosis via protection vascular cells from stress. In addition, perspectives future studies are discussed.These agents ECs mainly include phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids. Most these alleviate apoptosis due stress, related signaling activation. However, despite continued progress research various aspects exerting EC injury by activating signaling, development new drugs (AS) other CVDs will require more detailed preclinical clinical studies.Our present provides updated information activities Nrf2/HO-1. We hope this review provide some directions further novel candidate AS CVDs.

Language: Английский

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NAD(H)-loaded nanoparticles for efficient sepsis therapy via modulating immune and vascular homeostasis

Nature Nanotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 880 - 890

Published: June 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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The role of endothelial shear stress on haemodynamics, inflammation, coagulation and glycocalyx during sepsis

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24(21), P. 12258 - 12271

Published: Sept. 19, 2020

Abstract Sepsis is a multifactorial syndrome primarily determined by the host response to an invading pathogen. It common, with over 48 million cases worldwide in 2017, and often lethal. The sequence of events sepsis begins damage endothelium within microvasculature, as consequence inflammatory coagulopathic responses pathogen that can progress multiple organ failure death. Most therapeutic interventions target inflammation coagulation pathways act auto‐amplified vicious cycle, which, if unchecked be fatal. Normal blood flow shear stress acting on healthy intact glycocalyx have anti‐inflammatory, anticoagulant self‐repairing effects. During early stages sepsis, vascular its become dysfunctional, yet they are essential components resuscitation recovery from sepsis. effects forces sepsis‐induced endothelial dysfunction, including inflammation, coagulation, complement activation microcirculatory breakdown reviewed. suggested strategies should prioritize restoration function preservation endothelial‐glycocalyx barrier.

Language: Английский

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The Structure and Function of the Glycocalyx and Its Connection With Blood-Brain Barrier

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

The vascular endothelial glycocalyx is a dense, bush-like structure that synthesized and secreted by cells evenly distributed on the surface of cells. blood-brain barrier (BBB) mainly composed pericytes cells, glycocalyx, basement membranes, astrocytes. in BBB plays an indispensable role many important physiological functions, including permeability, inflammation, blood coagulation, synthesis nitric oxide. Damage to fragile can lead increased permeability BBB, tissue edema, glial cell activation, up-regulation inflammatory chemokines expression, ultimately brain damage, leading mortality. This article reviews function BBB. review may provide some basis for research direction neurological diseases theoretical diagnosis treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

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Disseminated intravascular coagulation and its immune mechanisms

Blood, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 139(13), P. 1973 - 1986

Published: Aug. 24, 2021

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a syndrome triggered by infectious and noninfectious pathologies characterized excessive generation of thrombin within the vasculature widespread proteolytic conversion fibrinogen. Despite diverse clinical manifestations ranging from thrombo-occlusive damage to bleeding diathesis, DIC etiology commonly involves activation blood overlapping dysregulation anticoagulants fibrinolysis. Initiation follows expression tissue factor or contact pathway in response pathogen-associated host-derived, damage-associated molecular patterns. The process further amplified through inflammatory immunothrombotic mechanisms. Consumption disruption endothelial homeostasis lower regulatory control disseminate microvascular thrombosis. Clinical development patients associated with worsening morbidities increased mortality, regardless underlying pathology; therefore, timely recognition critical for reducing pathologic burden. Due diversity triggers pathogenic mechanisms leading DIC, diagnosis based on algorithms that quantify hemostatic imbalance, thrombocytopenia, fibrinogen conversion. Because current primarily assesses overt consumptive coagulopathies, there need better nonovert and/or pre-DIC states. Therapeutic strategies involve resolution eliciting supportive care imbalance. medical care, mortality remains high, new strategies, tailored mechanisms, are needed.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation in Critical Illness and Injury

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 8, 2022

The endothelial glycocalyx is a gel-like layer on the luminal side of blood vessels that composed glycosaminoglycans and proteins tether them to plasma membrane. Interest in its properties function has grown, particularly last decade, as importance barrier come light. Endothelial studies have revealed many critical illnesses result degradation or removal, contributing dysfunction break-down. Loss facilitates direct access immune cells deleterious agents (e.g., proteases reactive oxygen species) endothelium, can then further cell injury leading complications such edema, thrombosis. Here, we briefly describe primary components thought be directly responsible for degradation. We review recent literature relevant damage several (sepsis, COVID-19, trauma diabetes) share inflammation common denominator with actions by (hyaluronidases, proteases, species, etc.). Finally, cover strategies therapies show promise protecting helping rebuild steroids, protease inhibitors, anticoagulants resuscitation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Thromboinflammation in acute injury: infections, heatstroke, and trauma

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 7 - 22

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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The lubricated matter in body

Progress in Materials Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 101334 - 101334

Published: July 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Glycocalyx Impairment in Vascular Disease: Focus on Inflammation

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 13, 2021

The glycocalyx is a complex polysaccharide-protein layer lining the lumen of vascular endothelial cells. Changes in structure and function promote an inflammatory response blood vessels play important role pathogenesis many diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, sepsis). Vascular dysfunction hallmark inflammation-related diseases. Endothelial can lead to tissue swelling, chronic inflammation, thrombosis. Therefore, elimination inflammation could be potential target for treatment This review summarizes key process possible mechanism by which it alleviates this interrupting cycle inflammation. Especially, we highlight roles different components modulating process, including that regulate leukocyte rolling, L-selectin binding, inflammasome activation signaling interactions between We discuss how interferes with development importance preventing impairment. Finally, drawing on current understanding consider strategy

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory factors driving atherosclerotic plaque progression new insights

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 36 - 47

Published: March 1, 2022

Abstract Coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to varying degrees of blood flow obstruction and common pathophysiological basis cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory factors run through the whole process atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophages, T cells, neutrophils play important roles in inflammation. Considering evolutionary characteristics, be divided into different stages as early plaque, plaque formation stage, rupture stage. In this paper, changes cells at lesions their related mechanisms are discussed, which provide new insights from clinical bench perspective for me chanism.

Language: Английский

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