Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Liver Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Elias Kouroumalis, Ioannis Tsomidis, Argyro Voumvouraki

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1785 - 1785

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer released by cells in the microenvironment of liver including parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. They third important mechanism communications between cells, besides secretion cytokines chemokines direct cell-to-cell contact. The aim this review is to discuss role EVs viral disease, as there increasing evidence that transportation proteins, all types RNA, particles complete virions implicated pathogenesis both cirrhosis viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma. biogenesis discussed their diseases presented. Their use diagnostic prognostic biomarkers also analyzed. Most importantly, significance possible novel treatment strategies for fibrosis carcinoma presented, although available data based on experimental clinical trials have not been reported.

Language: Английский

Hepatocyte‐derived exosomes deliver the lncRNA CYTOR to hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis DOI Creative Commons
Wenqiang Xu, Wenhui Mo,

Dengyu Han

et al.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(8)

Published: March 23, 2024

Abstract Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation and transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced various injury factors. The degree liver can be significantly improved, but persistent factors present a significant therapeutic challenge. Hepatocytes are most important parenchymal cell type in liver. In this study, we explored molecular mechanisms which damaged activate HSCs through extracellular vesicles. We established coculture model LO2 LX2 validated its exosomal transmission activity. Subsequently, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened RNA sequencing their action as competing endogenous (ceRNAs) further confirmed using biological methods, such FISH luciferase assays. Damaged upregulation fibrosis‐related markers. Exosomes extracted identified from supernatant fraction contained lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator (CYTOR) that competed with microRNA‐125 (miR‐125) for binding to glial line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) HSCs, turn, promoting activation. MiR‐125 could target regulate both CYTOR GDNF vice versa, verified assay. an vivo model, vesicles formation fibrosis. Notably, downregulation within effectively inhibited exosomes upregulated modulates expression downstream activity ceRNA, providing effective mechanism HSCs.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Immune Checkpoints and the Immunology of Liver Fibrosis DOI Creative Commons
Ioannis Tsomidis, Argyro Voumvouraki, Elias Kouroumalis

et al.

Livers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 5 - 5

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Liver fibrosis is a very complicated dynamic process where several immune cells are involved. Both innate and adaptive immunity implicated, their interplay always present. Multi-directional interactions between liver macrophages, hepatic stellate (HSCs), cells, cytokines important for the induction perpetuation of fibrosis. Detailed studies proteomics transcriptomics have produced new evidence role individual in cirrhosis. Most these controlled by various checkpoints whose main function to maintain homeostasis implicated cells. Recent indicates that involved In particular, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), death-ligand (PD-L1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) been investigated, particularly after availability checkpoint inhibitors. Their activation leads exhaustion CD4+ve CD8+ve promotion this review, current pathogenesis immunological abnormalities discussed. The recent data on involvement identified as possible targets future interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Long non-coding RNAs: roles in cellular stress responses and epigenetic mechanisms regulating chromatin DOI Creative Commons
Jeffrey A. Nickerson, Fatemeh Momen‐Heravi

Nucleus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 22, 2024

Most of the genome is transcribed into RNA but only 2% sequence codes for proteins. Non-coding transcripts include a very large number long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). A growing identified lncRNAs operate in cellular stress responses, example response to hypoxia, genotoxic stress, and oxidative stress. Additionally, lncRNA plays important roles epigenetic mechanisms operating at chromatin maintaining architecture. Here, we address three topics that have had significant recent advances. The first an emerging role many responses. second development high throughput screening assays develop causal relationships between across with functions. Finally, turn advances understanding regulating architecture epigenetics, build on some earliest work linking

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Ghrelin alleviates liver fibrosis by triggering HSCs ferroptosis via regulating injured hepatocyte‐derived exosomal LncMALAT1/GPX4 pathway DOI Open Access
Xin Luo, Kan Chen, Jie Zhang

et al.

The FASEB Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract Ghrelin is a gastric peptide that modulates various biological functions, including potential anti‐inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. Increasingly evidence have demonstrated exosomes derived from injured hepatocytes (IHC‐Exo) can accelerate the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) liver fibrosis. Ferroptosis, type novel programmed cell death, regulates diverse pathological processes, However, it remains unclear whether ghrelin exerts its effect through mechanisms involving ferroptosis. To explore mechanism, IHC‐Exo were isolated supernatant mouse primary (HCs) treated with palmitic acid (PA). Mouse HSCs bile duct ligation (BDL)‐induced fibrosis murine model then or ghrelin‐pretreated (GHR‐IHC‐Exo). The expression α‐SMA, Collagen I long noncoding (lnc) RNA MALAT1 in detected. ferroptosis was evaluated by assessing level CCK8, MDA, GSH, GPX4 expression. serum biopsy samples used to determine involved progression Nanoparticle tracking analysis electron microscopy characterized features IHC‐Exo. As results suggested, compared IHC‐Exo, GHR‐IHC‐Exo treatment significantly promoted HSCs, inhibited their activation, consequently alleviated BDL mice. inhibitory on partially reversed inhibitor Ferrostatin‐1. lncMALAT1 down‐regulated as Serum exosome levels higher patients severe those mild Additionally, suppressor protein elevated progression, indicating decreased In conclusion, reduced pro‐fibrotic regulating lncMALAT1/GPX4 pathway mediated Triggering via may become strategy alleviate

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exosomes: A Promising Drug Delivery Tool in Hepatic Drug Delivery DOI
Neha Kanojia,

Komal Thapa,

Thakur Gurjeet Singh

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106761 - 106761

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dynamic role of exosomal long non-coding RNA in liver diseases: pathogenesis and diagnostic aspects DOI
Mohammed Ismail,

M Fadul,

Reham Taha

et al.

Hepatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
The role of hepatocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in liver and extrahepatic diseases DOI Open Access
Shihui Li, Cheng Fang, Zhuan Zhang

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 117502 - 117502

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Exosome-mediated Transfer of lncRNA in Liver Associated Diseases; Uncovered Truths DOI
Raed Obaid Saleh, Hamad Ali Hamad,

Maryam Abdulrahman Najim

et al.

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Liver Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Elias Kouroumalis, Ioannis Tsomidis, Argyro Voumvouraki

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1785 - 1785

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer released by cells in the microenvironment of liver including parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. They third important mechanism communications between cells, besides secretion cytokines chemokines direct cell-to-cell contact. The aim this review is to discuss role EVs viral disease, as there increasing evidence that transportation proteins, all types RNA, particles complete virions implicated pathogenesis both cirrhosis viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma. biogenesis discussed their diseases presented. Their use diagnostic prognostic biomarkers also analyzed. Most importantly, significance possible novel treatment strategies for fibrosis carcinoma presented, although available data based on experimental clinical trials have not been reported.

Language: Английский

Citations

0