International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(11), P. 5005 - 5005
Published: May 22, 2025
Vitamin
D,
a
hormone
synthesized
in
the
skin
through
ultraviolet
B
radiation
(UVB),
plays
crucial
role
not
only
calcium
and
phosphate
homeostasis
but
also
regulating
modulating
immune
responses.
In
keratinocytes,
vitamin
D
is
converted
to
its
active
form,
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3
(1,25(OH)2D),
which
interacts
with
receptor
(VDR)
regulate
gene
expression
involved
proliferation,
differentiation,
antimicrobial
defense.
Dysregulation
of
this
pathway
has
been
implicated
inflammatory
diseases
such
as
psoriasis,
atopic
dermatitis,
acne
vulgaris,
hidradenitis
suppurativa.
These
conditions
are
associated
altered
epidermal
imbalance,
microbial
interactions,
where
modulatory
by
suppressing
proinflammatory
cytokines,
enhancing
peptide
synthesis,
restoring
barrier
integrity.
Topical
analogues
have
shown
therapeutic
benefits
while
emerging
evidence
supports
adjunctive
supplementation
acne,
suppurativa,
dermatitis.
Despite
promising
associations
between
low
serum
levels
disease
severity,
causal
relationship
remains
uncertain.
This
review
integrates
molecular
mechanisms
clinical
findings,
emphasizing
cutaneous
physiology
pathology,
highlights
need
for
further
research
into
targeted
strategies
dermatological
disorders.
Dermatology Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
A
19-year-old
female
with
severe
hidradenitis
suppurativa
(HS),
treated
adalimumab
for
10
months,
developed
facial
erysipelas
following
an
episode
of
pharyngitis.
The
infection
presented
fever,
cough,
and
a
rapidly
progressing
erythematous
plaque
edema
on
the
left
cheek,
forehead,
periocular
region.
Laboratory
tests
confirmed
streptococcal
infection.
Due
to
allergies
intolerance
first-line
antibiotics,
azithromycin
was
administered,
leading
complete
resolution.
This
case
highlights
increased
risk
infections
in
immunosuppressed
patients
underscores
importance
careful
antibiotic
selection
close
monitoring
receiving
TNF-α
inhibitors.
Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 18, P. 617 - 626
Published: March 1, 2025
This
systematic
review
explores
the
increased
cancer
risk
in
patients
with
hidradenitis
suppurativa
(HS),
particularly
cutaneous
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(SCC)
and
lymphoma.
Chronic
inflammation
immune
dysregulation
HS
are
identified
as
key
factors
contributing
to
malignant
transformation,
often
observed
areas
of
prolonged
tissue
damage.
The
NOTCH
signaling
pathway,
disrupted
by
smoking,
plays
a
dual
role
cancer,
acting
both
tumor
suppressor
proto-oncogene
depending
on
context.
Mutations
TP53
common
SCC
linked
HS,
prevalence
0.5%
4.6%,
predominantly
men
localized
buttock
anogenital
regions.
Histological
analyses
suggest
that
transformation
occurs
within
keratinized
epithelium,
supported
altered
cytokeratin
expression.
Immune
HS-affected
areas,
compounded
scarring
lymphatic
disruption,
further
exacerbates
tumorigenic
potential.
While
anti-TNF-alpha
therapies
have
been
implicated
risk,
conflicting
evidence
meta-analyses
no
consistent
increase
non-melanoma
skin
cancers
(NMSC).
Similarly,
IL-17
inhibitors
show
potential
risks
but
lack
robust
HS-specific
populations.
In
conclusion,
HS-associated
malignancies,
SCC,
underscore
need
for
research
elucidate
mechanisms
linking
chronic
development.
Insights
from
such
studies
could
guide
preventative
therapeutic
strategies,
improving
outcomes
patients.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(7), P. 2424 - 2424
Published: April 2, 2025
Background:
Hidradenitis
suppurativa
(HS)
is
a
chronic,
disabling,
and
disfiguring
inflammatory
disease
with
complex,
incompletely
elucidated
pathogenesis.
The
role
of
skin
dysbiosis
in
the
development
progression
HS
has
not
yet
been
clarified.
Methods:
We
performed
an
observational,
prospective
culture-based
study
that
included
40
patients
analyzed
bacterial
load
diversity
lesions,
their
correlation
severity,
several
host
environmental
factors.
Additionally,
we
investigated
prevalence
antibiotic
resistance
determined
profile
strains
isolated
from
chronic
lesions.
Results:
An
impressive
number
were
both
superficial
deep
201
aerobic
anaerobic
isolated,
polymicrobial
growth
being
detected
majority
samples.
most
frequently
bacteria
Staphylococcus
epidermidis,
aureus,
lugdunensis,
Peptoniphilus
spp.,
Enterococcus
faecalis
lesions
Corynebacterium
tuberculostearicum
A
significantly
higher
density
was
found
male
patients,
regardless
affected
area
severe
HS.
proportion
resistant
to
antibiotics
lower
our
(8.95%)
compared
previously
reported
data.
Conclusions:
Our
findings
indicate
as
key
player
initiation
maintenance
process
Further
large-scale,
studies
are
required
comprehensively
characterize
microbiological
landscape
shed
light
on
its
contribution
pathogenesis
disease.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 3502 - 3502
Published: April 9, 2025
Hidradenitis
suppurativa
(HS)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
skin
condition,
primarily
affecting
young
individuals,
with
significant
impact
on
their
quality
of
life
due
to
recurrent,
painful
nodules,
abscesses,
and
oozing
sinus
tracts,
intertriginous
areas.
The
pathogenesis
HS
multifactorial,
involving
complex
interplay
between
genetic
predisposition,
immune
dysregulation,
microbial,
environmental
factors.
While
it
known
that
cutaneous
gut
microbiome
contribute
innate
dysregulation
in
HS,
precise
involvement
disease
remains
unclear.
Despite
several
studies
investigating
the
lesions,
either
by
culture-dependent
or
independent
methods,
there
no
data
available
bacterial
virulence
profiles,
clinical
manifestations,
host
response.
This
study
aimed
explore
phenotypic
genotypic
resistance
profiles
microorganisms
isolated
from
lesions
(including
expression
soluble
factors
ability
develop
biofilms),
special
focus
Staphylococcus
aureus
(S.
aureus),
one
most
frequent
infectious
agents
HS.
A
total
92
strains,
belonging
20
different
species,
were
23
patients.
strains
Staphylococcus,
Corynebacterium,
Enterococcus
expressed
highest
levels
factors,
such
as
hemolysins,
lecithinase,
lipase,
which
are
involved
persistence,
local
invasivity,
tissue
damage.
Moreover,
variation
among
species
was
noted
regarding
capacity
biofilms,
potential
chronicization,
tolerance
antibiotics,
defense
mechanisms.
characterization
methicillin-resistant
staphylococci
revealed
presence
adhesins,
hemolysin
enterotoxin
genes
well
methicillin
macrolides
genes.
Our
findings
highlight
critical
role
determinants,
including
pathogenesis,
emphasizing
need
for
targeted
therapeutic
strategies
disrupt
biofilms
mitigate
infection
severity.
Experimental Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
34(S1)
Published: March 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Hidradenitis
suppurativa
is
a
solely
human
disease
for
which—unlike
other
inflammatory
dermatoses—applied
animal
models
are
not
available.
In
order
to
study
skin
cell
immunology
under
conditions
which
approximate
the
in
vivo
functions,
maintenance
of
structural
tissue
integrity
experimental
essential.
Consequently,
several
ex
using
lesional,
perilesional
hidradenitis
and
control
healthy
skin,
have
been
described,
claim
represent
fast
relatively
simple
methods
investigate
pathophysiology
preclinically
detect
effectiveness
candidate
therapeutic
agents.
At
least
some
these
seem
situation
by
maintaining
patients'
architecture
days
expressing
biomarkers
also
detected
vivo.
Validation
still
remains
be
performed
majority
evaluating
efficacy
drugs,
introduced
clinical
studies
and/or
approved
HS
treatment.
