A Combinatorial View on Speciation and Adaptive Radiation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 531 - 544

Published: March 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Recombination rate variation shapes barriers to introgression across butterfly genomes

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. e2006288 - e2006288

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

Hybridisation and introgression can dramatically alter the relationships among groups of species, leading to phylogenetic discordance across genome between populations. Introgression also erode species differences over time, but selection against at certain loci acts maintain postmating barriers. Theory predicts that barriers made up many throughout should lead a broad correlation recombination rate, which determines extent on deleterious foreign alleles will affect neutral physically linked loci. Here, we describe variation in genealogical three Heliconius butterflies: H. melpomene (mel), cydno (cyd), timareta (tim), using whole genomes 92 individuals, ask whether this be explained by heterogeneous introgression. We find vary predictably chromosomal scale. By quantifying rate admixture proportions, then show rates are predicted rate. This implies highly polygenic, with acting introgressed most genome. In addition, long chromosomes, have lower rates, produce stronger average than short chromosomes. Finally, consistent difference two pairs either side Andes, suggests architecture Our findings illustrate how combined effects hybridisation, recombination, natural selection, multitudes periods, sculpt species.

Language: Английский

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Interpreting the genomic landscape of introgression

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 69 - 74

Published: Sept. 18, 2017

Introgression, the transfer of genetic material between species through hybridisation, occurs in many taxa and has important consequences. Genomic studies allow us to characterise landscape introgression across genome, shedding light on both its adaptive benefits incompatibilities that help maintain barriers. Studies taking a genome-wide view suggest may be common, but introgressed variation is selected against throughout much genome. Confounding factors can complicate interpretations from these data, computational simulations have proved vital illustrate expected patterns under different scenarios. Future developments will move beyond correlative evidence explicit models account for how selection drift influence variation.

Language: Английский

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The importance of intrinsic postzygotic barriers throughout the speciation process

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1806), P. 20190533 - 20190533

Published: July 12, 2020

Intrinsic postzygotic barriers can play an important and multifaceted role in speciation, but their contribution is often thought to be reserved the final stages of speciation process. Here, we review how intrinsic contribute this may change through time. We outline three major contributions speciation. (i) reduction gene flow: effectively reduce exchange between sympatric species pairs. discuss factors that influence effective incompatibilities are limiting flow. (ii) early onset boundaries via rapid evolution: evolve recently diverged populations or incipient species, thereby influencing relatively why origination expected under some biological models, detail other (and less obvious) also serve as on (iii) reinforcement: promote evolution subsequent reproductive isolation processes such reinforcement, even incorporate classic recent empirical theoretical work explore these facets barriers, provide our thoughts challenges areas field which progress made. This article part theme issue 'Towards completion speciation: beyond first barriers'.

Language: Английский

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Defining the speciation continuum

Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 75(6), P. 1256 - 1273

Published: March 23, 2021

A primary roadblock to our understanding of speciation is that it usually occurs over a timeframe too long study from start finish. The idea continuum provides something solution this problem; rather than observing the entire process, we can simply reconstruct multitude events surround us. But what do really mean when talk about continuum, and help us understand speciation? We explored these questions using literature review online survey researchers. Although most researchers were familiar with concept thought was useful, revealed extensive disagreement actually tells This due partly lack clear definition. Here, provide an explicit definition compatible Biological Species Concept. That is, reproductive isolation. After outlining logic in light alternatives, explain why attempts process present-day populations will ultimately fail. then outline how think continue act as foundation for isolation surrounds

Language: Английский

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Phylogeny and Evolution of the Brown Algae

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 39(4), P. 281 - 321

Published: July 3, 2020

The brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are a group of multicellular heterokonts that ubiquitous in today's oceans. Large from multiple orders the foundation to temperate coastal ecosystems globally, role extends into arctic and tropical regions, providing services indirectly through increased productivity habitat provisioning, directly as source food commercially important extracts. Recent multi-locus genome-scale analyses have revolutionized our understanding algal phylogeny, robust framework test evolutionary hypotheses interpret genomic variation across diverse lineages. Here, we review recent developments evolution based on modern advances phylogenetics functional genomics. We begin by summarizing phylogenetic hypotheses, illuminating timescales over which various diversified. then discuss key insights life cycle sexual reproduction systems derived techniques. also speciation mechanisms associated biogeographic patterns emerged globally. conclude discussing promising avenues for future research opened datasets, directions expected reveal critical past, present,

Language: Английский

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Genetics of adaptation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(30)

Published: July 18, 2022

The rediscovery of Mendel's work showing that the heredity phenotypes is controlled by discrete genes was followed reconciliation Mendelian genetics with evolution natural selection in middle last century Modern Synthesis. In past two decades, dramatic advances genomic methods have facilitated identification loci, genes, and even individual mutations underlie phenotypic variants are putative targets selection. Moreover, these also changed how we can study adaptation flipping problem around, allowing us to first examine what loci show evidence having been under selection, then connecting genetic variation. As a result, now an expanding list actual changes potentially adaptive Here, synthesize considering effects context cellular environments, genomes, organisms, populations has provided new insights architecture adaptation.

Language: Английский

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What is reproductive isolation?

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(9), P. 1143 - 1164

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Abstract Reproductive isolation (RI) is a core concept in evolutionary biology. It has been the central focus of speciation research since modern synthesis and basis by which biological species are defined. Despite this, term used seemingly different ways, attempts to quantify RI have very approaches. After showing that field lacks clear definition term, we attempt clarify key issues, including what is, how it can be quantified principle, measured practice. Following other definitions with genetic focus, propose quantitative measure effect differences between populations on gene flow. Specifically, compares flow neutral alleles presence these without any such differences. thus greater than zero when reduce populations. We show range scenarios. A conclusion depends strongly circumstances—including spatial, temporal genomic context—making difficult compare across systems. reviewing methods for estimating from data, conclude discuss our findings light goals encourage use integrate organismal biology ways efforts data vastly In this paper, issues about RI,

Language: Английский

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The Role of Hybridization in Species Formation and Persistence

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. a041445 - a041445

Published: March 4, 2024

Joshua V. Peñalba1, Anna Runemark2, Joana I. Meier3,4, Pooja Singh5,6, Guinevere O.U. Wogan7, Rosa Sánchez-Guillén8, James Mallet9, Sina J. Rometsch10,11, Mitra Menon12, Ole Seehausen5,6, Jonna Kulmuni13,14,16 and Ricardo Pereira15,16 1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution Biodiversity Science, Center Integrative Discovery, 10115 Berlin, Germany 2Department of Biology, Lund University, 22632 Lund, Sweden 3Tree Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, United Kingdom 4Department Zoology, University Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, 5Department Aquatic Ecology, Ecology Evolution, Bern, 3012 Switzerland 6Center & Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Science Technology (EAWAG), CH-8600 Kastanienbaum, 7Department Oklahoma State Stillwater, 74078, USA 8Red de Biología Evolutiva, INECOL, Xalapa, Veracruz, CP 91073, Mexico 9Organismal Evolutionary Harvard Massachusetts 02138, 10Department Yale New Haven, Connecticut 06511, 11Yale Biospheric Studies, 12Department California Davis, 95616, 13Department Population Ecosystem Dynamics, Amsterdam, 1098 XH The Netherlands 14Organismal Biology Research Programme, Helsinki, Biocenter 3, Finland 15Department Museum Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70191, Correspondence: ricardojn.pereira{at}gmail.com ↵16 These authors contributed equally to this work.

Language: Английский

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Background selection and biased gene conversion affect more than 95% of the human genome and bias demographic inferences

eLife, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Aug. 20, 2018

Disentangling the effect on genomic diversity of natural selection from that demography is notoriously difficult, but necessary to properly reconstruct history species. Here, we use high-quality human data show purifying at linked sites (i.e. background selection, BGS) and GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) together affect as much 95% variants our genome. We find magnitude relative importance BGS gBGC are largely determined by variation in recombination rate base composition. Importantly, synonymous non-transcribed regions also affected, albeit different degrees. Their for demographic inference can lead strong biases. However, conditioning with rates above 1.5 cM/Mb mutation types (C↔G, A↔T), identify a set SNPs mostly unaffected or gBGC, avoids these biases reconstruction history.

Language: Английский

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