Extra-pair paternity and sperm length variation in a far northern Great Tit (Parus major) population DOI Creative Commons
Oddmund Kleven, Jan Eivind Østnes, Geir Rudolfsen

et al.

Journal of Ornithology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 25, 2024

Abstract Extra-pair paternity is common among socially monogamous bird species and considered an important driver of post-copulatory sexual selection on ejaculate traits including sperm traits. Patterns extra-pair size both show substantial variation populations, yet we know little about the expression these key reproductive at high latitudes. Here report patterns describe in dimensions a Norwegian population Great Tit ( Parus major ) breeding beyond polar circle 69° northern latitude. Across six study years, detected 19.2% 26 broods, average 4.7% nestlings per brood were offspring. As expected from results previous intraspecific analyses latitudinal rates, observed rate offspring was low comparison to published estimates more southern populations (range: 2.9 − 20.4%). Our therefore support pattern decreasing levels with increasing latitude this also for extremely Overall mean total length amounted 97.5 ± 0.6 (SE) μm 30.6% phenotypic explained by differences samples. The among-sample coefficient sample 1.93%. Using comparative work as yardstick, value substantially lower than frequency

Language: Английский

The coevolutionary dynamics of cryptic female choice DOI Creative Commons
Matthew C. Kustra, Suzanne H. Alonzo

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 191 - 202

Published: June 7, 2023

In contrast to sexual selection on traits that affect interactions between the sexes before mating, little theoretical research has focused coevolution of postmating via cryptic female choice (when females bias fertilization toward specific males). We used simulation models ask (a) whether and, if so, how nondirectional (female-by-male in success) causes deviations from focus exclusively male-mediated processes, and (b) risk sperm competition, strength choice, tradeoffs number interact influence coevolutionary dynamics traits. found incorporating can result males investing much less their ejaculates than predicted by with competition only. also resulted evolution genetic correlations traits, even when was weak, low. This suggests may be important systems low multiple mating. These increased as increased. When high, extreme codivergence preference occurred trait traded off number. male lagged behind traits; this lag decreased increasing competition. Overall, our results suggest deserves more attention theoretically driving ways just beginning explored.

Language: Английский

Citations

11

Paternity bias and cryptic female choice in chickens DOI Creative Commons
Qunpu Wang, Bin Wang, Junying Li

et al.

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(6), P. 103744 - 103744

Published: April 6, 2024

Sperm competition and cryptic female choice (CFC) are 2 significant mechanisms of postcopulatory sexual selection that greatly impact fertilization success in various species. Despite extensive research has conducted on sperm the evolution traits internal fertilization, our understanding preferences selecting is still limited. Here, we aimed to investigate characteristics CFC chickens by utilizing artificial insemination with mixed semen control for variations male caused perception quality mating order. Our results revealed offspring from multiple-mated females exhibited paternity. Although males had an equal number viable sperm, 1 consistently a 15% higher rate average, regardless whether was performed fresh or diluted semen. This result suggested this demonstrates superior performance competition, potential advantage success. While dominant generally made greater genetic contribution most offspring, degree varied greatly, ranging 11.11 75%. Furthermore, study provided evidence influenced precedence certain over others. Interestingly, bias not observed among all individuals, as derived some were predominantly sired overall disadvantaged while others different male. Overall, these underscored complex processes involved emphasized importance theory.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Sperm as a speciation phenotype in promiscuous songbirds DOI Creative Commons
Jan T. Lifjeld, Emily R. A. Cramer, Erica H. Leder

et al.

Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract Sperm morphology varies considerably among species. traits may contribute to speciation if they diverge fast in allopatry and cause conspecific sperm precedence upon secondary contact. However, their role driving prezygotic isolation has been poorly investigated. Here we test the hypothesis that, early process, female promiscuity promotes a reduction overlap length distributions songbird populations. We assembled data set of 20 pairs populations with known distributions, published estimate divergence time, an index derived from extrapair paternity rates or relative testis size. found that diverged more rapidly promiscuous Faster between was caused by lower variance trait species, not faster mean lengths. The reduced is presumably due stronger stabilizing selection on mediated competition. If divergent optima causes sympatry, which remains be shown empirically, promote isolation, rapid songbirds.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Selection on sperm size in response to promiscuity and variation in female sperm storage organs DOI Creative Commons
Emily R. A. Cramer, Zelealem B. Yilma, Jan T. Lifjeld

et al.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(1), P. 131 - 143

Published: Nov. 10, 2022

Abstract Sperm cells are exceptionally morphologically diverse across taxa. However, morphology can be quite uniform within species, particularly for species where females copulate with many males per reproductive bout. Strong sexual selection in these promiscuous is widely hypothesized to reduce intraspecific sperm variation. Conversely, we hypothesize that size variation may maintained by high among‐female the of storage organs, assuming paternity success improves when compatible organ. We use individual‐based simulations and an analytical model evaluate how on depends promiscuity level organ (hereafter, female preference variation). Simulations (10 mates female) showed stabilizing was low, disruptive high, consistent results. With low (2–3 female), all levels simulations, contrasting model. Promiscuity level, or mate sampling, thus has a strong impact resulting from preferences. Furthermore, male traits will occur under much more limited circumstances (i.e. only higher variation) than previous models suggest. Variation organs likely implications highly but does not explain differences less

Language: Английский

Citations

6

The surprising complexity and diversity of sperm storage structures across Galliformes DOI Creative Commons
Katherine Assersohn,

Jonathan P. Richards,

Nicola Hemmings

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

In internal fertilisers, the precise timing of ovulation with arrival sperm at site fertilisation is essential for success. birds, mating often not synchronised ovulation, but instead females utilise specialised storage tubules (SSTs) in reproductive tract, which can ensure are always available time whilst simultaneously providing a mechanism post-copulatory sexual selection. Despite clear importance SSTs success, we know little about mechanisms involved acceptance, storage, and release. Furthermore, most research has been conducted on only small number species, based usually assumed to look function same way across all species. Here, conduct comparative exploration SST morphology 26 species Galliformes. We show that SSTs, surrounding tissue, vary significantly provide observational evidence Galliformes exhibit least 5 distinct categories tubule types, including distinctive coiled multi-branched tubules, describe 2 additional features tissue. suggest functional explanations variation propose next steps future research. Our findings indicate likely be far more variable than previously assumed, potentially important consequences our understanding birds selection general.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Extra-pair paternity and sperm length variation in a far northern Great Tit (Parus major) population DOI Creative Commons
Oddmund Kleven, Jan Eivind Østnes, Geir Rudolfsen

et al.

Journal of Ornithology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 25, 2024

Abstract Extra-pair paternity is common among socially monogamous bird species and considered an important driver of post-copulatory sexual selection on ejaculate traits including sperm traits. Patterns extra-pair size both show substantial variation populations, yet we know little about the expression these key reproductive at high latitudes. Here report patterns describe in dimensions a Norwegian population Great Tit ( Parus major ) breeding beyond polar circle 69° northern latitude. Across six study years, detected 19.2% 26 broods, average 4.7% nestlings per brood were offspring. As expected from results previous intraspecific analyses latitudinal rates, observed rate offspring was low comparison to published estimates more southern populations (range: 2.9 − 20.4%). Our therefore support pattern decreasing levels with increasing latitude this also for extremely Overall mean total length amounted 97.5 ± 0.6 (SE) μm 30.6% phenotypic explained by differences samples. The among-sample coefficient sample 1.93%. Using comparative work as yardstick, value substantially lower than frequency

Language: Английский

Citations

0