Biology, invasion and management of the agricultural invader: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 646 - 663

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is native to the Americas. It has rapidly invaded 47 African countries and 18 Asian since first detection of invasion into Nigeria Ghana in 2016. regarded as a super pest based on its host range (at least 353 plants), inherent ability survive wide habitats, strong migration ability, high fecundity, rapid development resistance insecticides/viruses gluttonous characteristics. inherently superior biological characteristics FAW contribute invasiveness. Integrated management (IPM) relied multiple applications monitoring scouting, agricultural control, chemical pesticides, viral insecticides, sex attractants, bio-control agents (parasitoids, predators entomopathogens) botanicals. Knowledge gaps remain be filled to: (1) understand invasive mechanisms S. frugiperda; (2) how prevent further spread (3) provide better strategies. This review summarizes characters FAW, their association with invasiveness IPM strategies, which may insights for future management.

Language: Английский

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Study on the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(5)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Abstract This study examined the impact of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) conidia on eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults Spodoptera frugiperda . The results showed that exhibited mortality rates were dependent dose. An increased amount (1.5 × 10 9 conidia/mL) was found to be toxic after days treatment, resulting in a 100% rate 98% 76% 85% adults. A using earthworms as bioindicators 3 exposure, M. did not cause any harmful effects earthworms. In contrast, chemical treatment (positive control) resulted at concentration 40 ppm. Histopathological studies earthworm gut tissues treated with fungal show significant differences compared those negative control. monocrotophos damage, notable observed treatment. treatments 70 100 µg/mL solutions Eudrilus eugeniae epidermal mucus no growth. analysis enzymes biochemical level revealed decrease levels acetylcholinesterase, α‐carboxylesterase, β‐carboxylesterase S. larvae exposure conidia. is effective against , highlighting potential this entomopathogenic fungus controlling agricultural insect pest.

Language: Английский

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Global scientific progress and shortfalls in biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Biological Control, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 105460 - 105460

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Since 2016, the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda has spread over extensive areas of tropics and subtropics, imperiling food security, economic progress livelihoods millions cereal farmers. Although FAW received long-standing scientific attention in its home range Americas, chemical inputs feature prominently mitigation biological control uptake is globally lagging. Here, building upon a quantitative review global literature, we methodically dissect science. Of known entomopathogens (46), parasitoids (310) predators (215) FAW, approx. 40% have been subject to laboratory- or field-level scrutiny. Laboratory-level performance partially assessed for 14–18% above invertebrate taxa. Yet, organismal, geographic, methodological thematic biases hamper efforts relate in-field animal biodiversity services. Often, single-guild 'snapshot' surveys are preferred comprehensive bio-inventories population dynamics appraisals, trophic interactions remain undocumented, standard pest infestation metrics lacking natural enemy censuses performed arbitrarily. Diurnal biota receive inordinate attention, while egg pupal predation - main biotic sources mortality routinely overlooked. Multiple microbial investigated with view towards mass-rearing augmentative release. Meanwhile, conservation receives marginal cross-disciplinary engagement agroecology domain We lay out several steps, including standardized methodologies, smart use biodemographic toolkits, networked field trials fortification ecological underpinnings, sharpen science urge further momentum implementation.

Language: Английский

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Understanding smallholders' responses to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) invasion: Evidence from five African countries

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 740, P. 140015 - 140015

Published: June 10, 2020

Fall armyworm (FAW) is a new invasive pest that causing devastating effects on maize production and threatening the livelihoods of millions poor smallholders across sub-Saharan Africa Asia. Using unique survey data from 2356 maize-growing households in Ghana, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia Zimbabwe, we examined how smallholder farmers are fighting this voracious pest. In particular, assessed FAW management strategies used by smallholders, socio-economic factors driving choice options, complementarities or tradeoffs among (un)safe pesticide use practices farmers. Results showed farm have adopted variety cultural, physical, chemical local options to mitigate FAW, but synthetic pesticides remains most popular option. multivariate probit regressions indicated extensive driven household asset wealth, access subsidised inputs extension information. We observed using wide range pesticides, including highly hazardous banned products. Unfortunately, majority do not personal protective equipment while handling resulting reports acute pesticide-related illness. Our findings important implications for policies interventions aimed at promoting environmentally friendly sustainable ways managing pests farming systems.

Language: Английский

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Parasitoid Complex of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Ghana and Benin

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 68 - 68

Published: Jan. 21, 2020

Keywords: biological control; Chelonus bifoveolatus; Coccygidum luteum; Telenomus remus; Trichogramma; West Africa.

Language: Английский

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Susceptibility of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), to eight insecticides in China, with special reference to lambda-cyhalothrin

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 104623 - 104623

Published: June 5, 2020

Language: Английский

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Why don't smallholder farmers in Kenya use more biopesticides?

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 76(11), P. 3615 - 3625

Published: May 13, 2020

Although Kenya has a relatively high number of registered biopesticide products, little is known about use by smallholders. This paper documents farmers' current and perception chemical pesticides biopesticides, their willingness to pay for the key challenges uptake.A survey found that are used widely smallholders despite awareness risks human health environment. Almost half respondents showed but in localities was low (10%). Key reasons biopesticides this study are: perceptions effectiveness, primarily speed action spectrum activity, availability affordability. Smallholders who cited recommendation advisory services safety as choice. farmers viewed both costly, they invested former due perceived effectiveness. Average pay, above pesticide expenditures per cropping season 9.6% (US$5.7). Willingness differed significantly between counties, higher among with more education or greater associated use.This confirms products areas, alongside conventional pesticides. In order promote uptake addressing effectiveness important, well increasing knowledge those providing advice ensuring available locally at competitive prices. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Land-use change drives present and future distributions of Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 706, P. 135872 - 135872

Published: Dec. 5, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Efficacy of Alternative, Environmentally Friendly Plant Protection Measures for Control of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, in Maize

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 240 - 240

Published: April 10, 2020

The invasive fall armyworm (FAW) is threatening maize production and the livelihoods of millions smallholder farmers in newly invaded areas Africa Asia. To control this new key pest to overcome health, environmental, resistance problems related indiscriminate use insecticides, effective sustainable alternative approaches are needed. Here, we report on field trials that tested maltodextrin, neem-based products, ash, soil, as well locally produced alata samina soap, Upper West Greater Accra regions, Ghana. Significant reductions larval numbers crop damage, together with increased yields, were mostly achieved by applying insecticide emamectin benzoate, which was considered positive set trials. However, high efficiency cost–benefit ratios also two products. Maltodextrin only efficient at one sites, a clear dose-dependent effect, while higher dosage nearly benzoate. Due its relatively product cost, maltodextrin generally less cost-efficient. Ash soap treatments, did not efficiently reduce FAW or damage dosages tested; thus, they significantly increase yields.

Language: Английский

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Bioecology of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), its management and potential patterns of seasonal spread in Africa

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. e0249042 - e0249042

Published: June 11, 2021

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) has rapidly spread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and emerged as a major pest of maize sorghum the continent. For effective monitoring better understanding bioecology management this pest, Community-based Armyworm Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning Management (CBFAMFEW) initiative was implemented six eastern African countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda Burundi). Over 650 Community Focal Persons (CFPs) who received training through project were involved data collection on adult moths, crop phenology, cropping systems, FAW practices other variables. Data performed using Monitoring System (FAMEWS), mobile application developed by Food Agricultural Organization (FAO) United Nations. collected from CBFAMFEW East efforts merged analysed to determine factors that are related population dynamics. We used negative binomial models test for effect main crops type, systems phenology abundance FAW. also rainfall spatial temporal distribution populations. The study showed variability across region terms proportion crops, diversity rotation, control methods impact trap larval counts. Intercropping rotation had incident rate 2-times 3-times higher relative seasonal cropping, respectively. infestation significantly varied with being high at vegetative reproductive stages crop, low maturity stage. This provides an bioecology, which could be vital guiding deployment FAW-IPM tools specific locations developmental outcomes demonstrate relevance community-based awareness creation among smallholder farmers SSA.

Language: Английский

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