Osteohistology of Dromornis stirtoni (Aves: Dromornithidae) and the biological implications of the bone histology of the Australian mihirung birds DOI Creative Commons
Anusuya Chinsamy, Warren D. Handley, Trevor H. Worthy

et al.

The Anatomical Record, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 306(7), P. 1842 - 1863

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Abstract The late Miocene Dromornis stirtoni is the largest of giant flightless dromornithid birds. Here, we studied 22 long bones (femora, tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi) D. to assess its osteohistology deduce various aspects life history. Our results show that took several years (likely, more than a decade), reach adult body size, after which growth rate slowed down, and skeletal maturity occurred. This strategy differs from Pleistocene relative, Genyornis newtoni , experienced faster rates size. We propose these mihirung birds, separated by millions years, each responded prevailing environmental conditions time, selecting for different strategies, with having an extreme K‐selected history strategy. presence medullary bone permitted identification female specimens, in some lacking OCL layer showed sexual preceded formation. postulate while G. had somewhat greater reproductive potential it remained far less observed extant emu ( Dromaius novaehollandiae ). survived into alongside emus overlapped arrival first humans Australia, but former species shortly thereafter became extinct remain prolific.

Language: Английский

Palaeoecological deductions from osteohistology DOI Creative Commons
Anusuya Chinsamy

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Palaeoecological deductions are vital for understanding the evolution and diversification of species within prehistoric environments. This review highlights multitude ways in which microanatomy microscopic structure bones enables palaeoecological deductions. The occurrence growth marks is discussed, their usefulness deducing ontogenetic status age individuals considered, as well how such permit assessment dynamics species. Here osteohistology shown to provide insight into past populations, ecological relationships between individuals. In addition, response trauma, disease moulting considered. Finally, I explore can give ecomorphological adaptations, filter feeding, probe feeding saltatorial locomotion. Methodological advances three-dimensional microtomography synchrotron scanning bodes future studies despite some compromises terms tissue identity, circumvents crucial issue destructive analyses.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Growing with dinosaurs: a review of dinosaur reproduction and ontogeny DOI Creative Commons
Kimberley E. J. Chapelle, Christopher T. Griffin, Diego Pol

et al.

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Since the start of twenty-first century, there has been a notable increase in annual publications focusing on dinosaur reproduction and ontogeny with researchers using these data to address range macroevolutionary questions about dinosaurs. Ontogeny, which is closely tied osteological morphological variation, impacts several key research areas, such as taxonomic diversity, population dynamics, palaeoecology, macroevolution, well physiological reproductive factors driving ecological success. While broad studies have significantly advanced our understanding evolution, they also revealed important challenges areas needing further investigation. In this review, we aim outline some major linked ontogeny, namely biology, osteohistological growth strategies, variation link between macroevolution. We offer recommendations for best practices promising future directions. These include increasing sample sizes through fieldwork exhaustive use pre-existing fossil collections, micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning methods dataset non-destructive manner, methodical collection reposition μCT scan data, assessing ontogenetic maturity, establishing consistency terminology building comprehensive extant comparative datasets.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Paleohistological Analysis of “Terror Birds” (Phorusrhacidae, Brontornithidae): Paleobiological Inferences DOI Creative Commons
Jordi Alexis Garcia Marsà, Federico L. Agnolín, Delphine Angst

et al.

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 153 - 153

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Extinct flightless birds of the clades Phorusrhacidae and Brontornithidae are among most characteristic elements South American Cenozoic faunas. Although anatomy, systematics, paleoecology, distribution these have been analyzed in some detail, there is not a single work dealing with osteohistology taxa. Herein, we present for first time paleohistological data phorusrhacids (Patagornis marshi) brontornithids (Brontornis burmeisteri). A dense vascularized fibrolamellar matrix an uninterrupted cortex lacking growth lines indicate similar metabolism physiological attributes occurring extant birds, they differ from condition insular taxa or species living very stable habitats. This congruent recent analyses indicating that were active insularity-related attributes. It also supports growing evidence birds’ extinction may be related to climatic environmental changes rather than being result competitive displacement by immigrant placental mammals.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Osteohistology of a Triassic dinosaur population reveals highly variable growth trajectories typified early dinosaur ontogeny DOI Creative Commons
Daniel E. Barta, Christopher T. Griffin,

Mark A. Norell

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2022

Abstract Intraspecific variation in growth trajectories provides a fundamental source of upon which natural selection acts. Recent work hints that early dinosaurs possessed elevated levels such compared to other archosaurs, but comprehensive data uniting body size, bone histology, and morphological from stratigraphically constrained dinosaur population are needed test this hypothesis. The Triassic theropod Coelophysis bauri , known bonebed preserving single coeval individuals, an exceptional system assess whether highly variable patterns were present near the origin Dinosauria. Twenty-four histologically sampled individuals less than year at least four years old confirm right-skewed age distribution assemblage. Poor correlations among age, maturity strongly support presence unique, relative archosaurs their living kin.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Osteohistological description of ostrich and emu long bones, with comments on markers of growth DOI
Nathan Ong,

Brenna Hart‐Farrar,

Katie Tremaine

et al.

Journal of Anatomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 241(2), P. 518 - 526

Published: April 12, 2022

Abstract Ostriches and emus are among the largest extant birds frequently used as modern analogs for growth dynamics of non‐avian theropod dinosaurs. These ratites quickly reach adult size in under 1 year, such do not typically exhibit annually deposited marks. Growth marks, commonly classified annuli or lines arrested (LAGs), represent reduced halted osteogenesis, respectively, their presence demonstrates varying degrees developmental plasticity. marks have yet been reported from ostriches emus, prompting authors to suggest that they lost plasticity required deposit them. Here we observe hind limb bone histology three captive juvenile one ostrich. Two typical but third emu, a 4.5‐month‐old juvenile, exhibits regional arc avascular tissue, which interpret mark. As this mark is present other two same cohort it co‐occurs with contralateral broken fibula, variable biomechanical load potential cause. The ostrich complete ring avascular, hypermineralized sparse, flattened osteocyte lacunae. We identify an annulus slowing growth. In absence lacking animal's life history, timing cause ostrich's unclear. Even so, these findings demonstrate both taxa retain ancestral temporarily slow also discuss challenges identifying using incomplete population data sets partial cortical sampling.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Brain shapes of large-bodied, flightless ratites (Aves: Palaeognathae) emerge through distinct developmental allometries DOI Creative Commons
Meghan Forcellati, Todd L. Green, Akinobu Watanabe

et al.

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Comparative neuroanatomical studies have long debated the role of development in evolution novel and disparate brain morphologies. Historically, these emphasized whether evolutionary shifts along conserved or distinct developmental allometric trends cause changes However, degree to which interspecific differences between variably sized taxa originate through modifying allometry remains largely untested. Taxa with shapes sizes thus allow for investigation into how contribute diversification. Here, we examine a series large-bodied ratite birds (approx. 60–140 kg). We use three-dimensional geometric morphometrics on cephalic endocasts common ostriches, emus southern cassowaries compare their trajectories those more modestly domestic chicken, previously shown be same grade as ratites. The results suggest that ratites chickens exhibit endocranial not simply accounted by size differences. When shape age are examined, partly accelerated mature than similar age. Taken together, our study indicates differently emerged from allometries, rather following scaling trends.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Osteohistology of Dromornis stirtoni (Aves: Dromornithidae) and the biological implications of the bone histology of the Australian mihirung birds DOI Creative Commons
Anusuya Chinsamy, Warren D. Handley, Trevor H. Worthy

et al.

The Anatomical Record, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 306(7), P. 1842 - 1863

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Abstract The late Miocene Dromornis stirtoni is the largest of giant flightless dromornithid birds. Here, we studied 22 long bones (femora, tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi) D. to assess its osteohistology deduce various aspects life history. Our results show that took several years (likely, more than a decade), reach adult body size, after which growth rate slowed down, and skeletal maturity occurred. This strategy differs from Pleistocene relative, Genyornis newtoni , experienced faster rates size. We propose these mihirung birds, separated by millions years, each responded prevailing environmental conditions time, selecting for different strategies, with having an extreme K‐selected history strategy. presence medullary bone permitted identification female specimens, in some lacking OCL layer showed sexual preceded formation. postulate while G. had somewhat greater reproductive potential it remained far less observed extant emu ( Dromaius novaehollandiae ). survived into alongside emus overlapped arrival first humans Australia, but former species shortly thereafter became extinct remain prolific.

Language: Английский

Citations

6