Reconstruction of the pelvic girdle and hindlimb musculature of the early tetanurans Piatnitzkysauridae (Theropoda, Megalosauroidea)
Journal of Anatomy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
244(4), P. 557 - 593
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Abstract
Piatnitzkysauridae
were
Jurassic
theropods
that
represented
the
earliest
diverging
branch
of
Megalosauroidea,
being
one
lineages
to
have
evolved
moderate
body
size.
This
clade's
typical
size
and
some
unusual
anatomical
features
raise
questions
about
locomotor
function
specializations
aid
in
support;
other
palaeobiological
issues.
Biomechanical
models
simulations
can
illuminate
how
extinct
animals
may
moved,
but
require
data
as
inputs.
With
a
phylogenetic
context,
osteological
evidence,
neontological
on
anatomy,
it
is
possible
infer
musculature
taxa.
Here,
we
reconstructed
hindlimb
(
Condorraptor
,
Marshosaurus
Piatnitzkysaurus
).
We
chose
this
clade
for
future
usage
biomechanics,
comparisons
with
myological
reconstructions
theropods,
resulting
evolutionary
implications
our
reconstructions;
differential
preservation
affects
these
inferences,
so
discuss
issues
well.
considered
32
muscles
total:
attachments
29
could
be
inferred
based
correlates;
meanwhile,
respectively
21
12
muscles.
found
great
similarity
within
Piatnitzkysauridae,
differences
such
origin
M
.
ambiens
caudofemoralis
brevis
are
present.
Similarities
evident
Aves,
division
iliofemoralis
externus
iliotrochantericus
caudalis
broad
depression
gastrocnemius
pars
medialis
cnemial
crest.
Nevertheless,
plesiomorphic
origins
puboischiofemoralis
internus
1
around
“cuppedicus”
fossa
ischiotrochantericus
medially
ischium.
As
first
attempt
reconstruct
early
tetanurans,
study
allows
more
complete
understanding
evolution
theropod
pelvic
appendages.
Language: Английский
Pelvic and hindlimb muscular reconstruction of the paravian theropod Buitreraptor gonzalezorum and its palaeobiological implications
Historical Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 27
Published: Jan. 14, 2024
Soft
tissue
reconstructions
of
fossil
vertebrates
provide
valuable
data
and
support
for
functional
interpretations.
Here,
we
present
the
pelvic
hindlimb
muscular
reconstruction
Buitreraptor
gonzalezorum,
a
unenlagiine
dromaeosaurid
theropod.
Dromaeosaurids
employed
their
hindlimbs
locomotion
predation,
with
specialised
pedal
digit
II.
Using
'extant
phylogenetic
bracket'
methodology,
reconstruct
29
muscles
out
37
typically
found
in
extant
archosaur
hindlimbs.
Some
characteristics
resemble
those
cursorial
tetrapods.
For
example,
M.
iliotibialis
shows
an
increased
hip
abduction
moment
arm,
while
primary
protractors
exhibit
flexion
main
retractors
display
decreased
extension
arm.
However,
positive
allometric
growth
limb
inertia
relative
to
body
mass
gradual
transition
'knee-based'
observed
birds
may
have
influenced
muscle
arms.
Regarding
predatory
functions,
features
length
proportions
metatarsus
II
phalanges
suggest
faster
movements
compared
derived
dromaeosaurids.
Also,
robust
flexor
muscle,
likely
perforans
et
perforatus
digiti
II,
was
inserted
on
proximoventral
heel
second
phalanx
These
interpretations
presence
behaviours
different
from
more
Language: Английский
Appendicular myology of Skorpiovenator bustingorryi: A first attempt to reconstruct pelvic and hindlimb musculature in an abelisaurid theropod
The Anatomical Record,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 11, 2024
Abstract
We
present
the
pelvic
and
hindlimb
musculature
of
abelisaurid
Skorpiovenator
bustingorryi
,
constituting
most
comprehensive
muscle
reconstruction
to
date
in
ceratosaur
theropods.
Using
extant
phylogenetic
bracket
method,
we
reconstructed
39
muscles
that
can
commonly
found
archosaurs.
Through
identification
bone
correlates,
recognized
thigh
including
knee
extensors,
m.
iliofibularis
flexor
tibialis
externus
mm.
caudofemorales
puboischiofemorales
crus
important
foot
extension
flexion
(e.g.,
anterior
gastrocnemii
).
Also,
autopodial
intrinsic
were
whose
function
involve
(
extensor
digiti
2–4
),
digitorum
brevis
superficialis
interdigital
adduction
interosseus
dorsalis
)
abduction
interosseous
plantaris
abductor
4
Abelisaurids
like
show
a
deep
pre‐
postacetabular
blade
ilia
enlarged
cnemial
crests,
which
would
have
helped
increasing
moment
arm
related
hip
extension.
pedal
pronation
probably
but
reduced
pronator
profundus
Despite
some
gross
differences
morphology
outgroups
crocodilian
metatarsus
avian
tarsometatarsus),
study
allows
us
hypothesize
several
.
These
not
be
arranged
tendinous
bundles
as
Neornithes,
rather
condition
similar
crocodilians
with
layers
formed
by
fleshy
bellies
on
plantar
dorsal
aspects
metatarsus.
The
is
key
for
future
studies
concerning
biomechanics,
integration
functional
ichnological
data.
Language: Английский
New theropod dinosaur remains from the Upper Cretaceous of the Kem Kem Group (Eastern Morocco) clarify spinosaurid morphology
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
202(2)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Abstract
The
Kem
Group
is
a
lowermost
lithostratigraphic
unit
from
the
Upper
Cretaceous
that
extends
along
border
between
Algeria
and
Morocco,
in
northern
region
of
Africa.
This
geological
has
yielded
several
tetrapod
fossils,
including
well-represented
assemblage
theropod
dinosaurs,
after
more
than
eight
decades
research.
Here,
we
report
new
occurrences
spinosaurid
theropods
spinosaurine
clade
by
providing
anatomical
descriptions
taxonomic
identifications
11
specimens
derived
Tafilalt
Morocco.
Among
findings,
describe
cervical
vertebra
Sigilmassasaurus,
addition
to
cranial,
axial,
appendicular
elements
can
safely
be
attributed
Spinosaurinae.
Moreover,
based
on
unique
combination
characteristics,
also
an
isolated
partial
ischium
belonging
indeterminate
carcharodontosaurid.
We
deliver
detailed
redescription
one
most
complete
snouts
known
date.
Therefore,
dinosaurs
show
considerable
diversity,
but
many
questions,
especially
related
diversity
spinosaurids
general
abundance
carnivorous
this
region,
remain
unclear
until
materials
are
discovered
made.
Language: Английский
The appendicular osteology of the Early Jurassic theropod Piatnitzkysaurus floresi and its implications on the morphological disparity of non-coelurosaurian tetanurans
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
203(1)
Published: Dec. 28, 2024
Abstract
Piatnitzkysaurus
floresi
is
a
theropod
dinosaur
from
the
Cañadón
Asfalto
Formation
(Chubut
Province,
Argentina)
and
one
of
few
Early
Jurassic
tetanurans
known
worldwide.
This
species
two
specimens
plays
key
role
in
our
understanding
early
evolution
tetanuran
theropods.
Nevertheless,
published
information
about
its
postcranium
limited
to
original
description
1980s
drawings
views.
Here,
we
redescribe
detail
appendicular
skeleton
Piatnitzkaysaurus
integrate
new
into
phylogenetic
morphological
disparity
analyses
focused
on
non-coelurosaurian
tetanurans.
Our
results
agree
with
recent
studies
that
place
Piatnitzkysauridae
(including
Condorraptor,
Marshosaurus,
Piatnitzkysaurus,
Xuanhanosaurus)
as
earliest
diverging
group
Allosauroidea
within
monophyletic
Carnosauria
(Allosauroidea
+
Megalosauroidea).
Morphological
show
occupy
different
morphospace
Cretaceous
species.
Condorraptor
are
found
occupied
by
Middle
Northern
Hemisphere,
which
indicates
presence
similar
body
plans
for
during
Early–Middle
The
improves
knowledge
Language: Английский