Hyperglycemia induces histological abnormalities and dysregulates angiotensin-converting enzymes and inflammatory signaling in zebrafish brain: Possible relationship with memory impairment

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Dysregulation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), through the actions angiotensin-converting enzymes significantly impacts inflammatory responses. Recent studies have demonstrated relevance RAS in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), where outcomes worsen diabetic patients. We investigate effects hyperglycemia on components and gene expression adult zebrafish brain. Hyperglycemia was induced by exposing to a 111 mM glucose solution for 14 days. Behavioral tasks were conducted evaluate learning/memory anxiety-like behavior. After fasting, blood levels measured, brain collected histological q-RT-PCR analyses. Exposure resulted significant hyperglycemic state, inducing phenotypes impairing learning memory. These alterations followed an upregulation ace downregulation ace2 transcripts. Additionally, there increase transcript adam17a. Furthermore, increased il-6, il-10, il-1β, along with decrease rela Several abnormalities found telencephalon, cerebellum optic tectum fish, including neuronal synaptic loss, gliosis, edema necrosis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that disrupts behavioral cognitive functions zebrafish. conditions correlate dysregulated critical markers, suggesting potential neuroinflammatory pathway may underlie observed neurodegenerative The dysregulation signaling, which play roles pathophysiology COVID-19, exacerbate inflammation contribute neurological complications associated disease.

Language: Английский

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Neurological sequelae of long COVID: a comprehensive review of diagnostic imaging, underlying mechanisms, and potential therapeutics

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

One lingering effect of the COVID-19 pandemic created by SARS-CoV-2 is emergence Long COVID (LC), characterized enduring neurological sequelae affecting a significant portion survivors. This review provides thorough analysis these disruptions with respect to cognitive dysfunction, which broadly manifest as chronic insomnia, fatigue, mood dysregulation, and impairments dysfunction. Furthermore, we characterize how diagnostic tools such PET, MRI, EEG, ultrasonography provide critical insight into subtle anomalies that may mechanistically explain disease phenotype. In this review, explore mechanistic hypotheses changes, describe CNS invasion, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, gut-brain axis along novel vascular disruption hypothesis highlights endothelial dysfunction hypoperfusion core underlying mechanism. We lastly evaluate clinical treatment landscape, scrutinizing efficacy various therapeutic strategies ranging from antivirals anti-inflammatory agents in mitigating multifaceted symptoms LC.

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric sequelae in an experimental model of post-COVID syndrome in mice

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Health outcomes up to 3 years and post-exertional malaise in patients after hospitalization for COVID-19: a multicentre prospective cohort study (CO-FLOW)

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101290 - 101290

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Possible link between steatotic liver diseases, severe COVID-19 and cognitive impairment in post-COVID-19 syndrome

Infection, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Purpose Steatotic liver diseases (SLD) have become more prevalent over the last decade and are associated not only with cardiometabolic but also psychological symptoms (depression, fatigue). These common in post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Therefore, aim of study was to analyze burden SLD PCS patients. Methods We systematically screened all patients from our outpatient clinic using transient elastography, structured questionnaires for neurocognitive evaluation blood sample analysis. Controls without known were recruited assessed same approach. Results 560 103 healthy controls included. The overall prevalence high both cohorts (57 vs. 53%). frequently male (41 24%), older (52 44 years) had (87.0 46.4%). Cognitive impairment related than no-SLD group (OR: 1.68, CI: 1.14–2.46, p = 0.008). presence severe COVID-19 hospitalization 2.91, 1.85–4.56, < 0.001). Within 1 year follow-up, 152 289 described a resolution irrespective or absence (log-rank 0.96). Conclusions is cognitive dysfunction PCS. Longitudinal studies needed assess role hepatic steatosis, development post-acute infection regulation (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) differentiate between SLD-associated

Language: Английский

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Possible Role of Cannabis in the Management of Neuroinflammation in Patients with Post-COVID Condition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3805 - 3805

Published: March 29, 2024

The post-COVID condition (PCC) is a pathology stemming from COVID-19, and studying its pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment crucial. Neuroinflammation causes the most common manifestations of this disease including headaches, fatigue, insomnia, depression, anxiety, among others. Currently, there are no specific management proposals; however, given that inflammatory component involves cytokines free radicals, these conditions must be treated to reduce current symptoms provide neuroprotection risk long-term neurodegenerative disease. It has been shown cannabis compounds with immunomodulatory antioxidant functions in other pathologies. Therefore, exploring approach could viable therapeutic option for PCC, which purpose review. This review involved an exhaustive search specialized databases PubMed, PubChem, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Web Science, Clinical Trials. Phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), exhibit significant antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties have effective neuroinflammatory conditions. These promising adjuvants PCC alone or combination antioxidants therapies. presents challenges neurological health, neuroinflammation oxidative stress play central roles pathogenesis. Antioxidant therapy cannabinoid-based approaches represent areas research mitigating adverse effects, but further studies needed.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Impairment in the Post-Acute Phases of COVID-19 and Mechanisms: An Introduction and Narrative Review

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 647 - 658

Published: April 8, 2024

Cognitive impairment is a primary manifestation of neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 and may occur after disease resolution. Although cognitive has been extensively reported in the literature, its duration rate remission remain controversial. This study discusses various factors that influence impairment, including demographic characteristics, genetics, as well course severity. Furthermore, imaging laboratory data have suggested associations most notably changes EEG patterns, PET imaging, serum markers. Some findings suggest similarities potential links between COVID-related Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, this reviews mechanisms proposed to explain development COVID-19, cytokine storm, damage blood-brain barrier, compromise small vessel integrity, hypoxic conditions, immune dysregulation.

Language: Английский

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Current clinical findings of acute neurological syndromes after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Neuro‐COVID, a condition marked by persistent symptoms post‐COVID‐19 infection, notably affects various organs, with particular focus on the central nervous system (CNS). Despite scant evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 invasion in CNS, increasing incidence Neuro‐COVID cases indicates onset acute neurological early infection. The Omicron variant, distinguished heightened neurotropism, penetrates CNS via olfactory bulb. This direct induces inflammation and neuronal damage, emphasizing need for vigilance regarding potential complications. Our multicenter study represents groundbreaking revelation, documenting definite presence cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) significant proportion patients. Furthermore, notable differences emerged between RNA‐CSF‐positive negative patients, encompassing aspects such as blood–brain barrier integrity, extent activation status inflammation. inherent limitations, this research provides pivotal insights into intricate interplay underscoring necessity ongoing to fully comprehend virus's enduring effects CNS. findings underscore urgency continuous investigation unravel complexities relationship, addressing long‐term consequences COVID‐19 health.

Language: Английский

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Research evidence on the management of the cognitive impairment component of the post-COVID condition: a qualitative systematic review

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of the most prevalent and burdensome consequences COVID-19 infection, which can persist up to months or even years after remission infection. Current guidelines on post-COVID CI are based available knowledge treatments used for improving in other conditions. The current review aims provide an updated overview existing evidence efficacy CI. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted studies published December 2023 using three databases (PubMed–Scopus–ProQuest). Controlled noncontrolled trials, cohort studies, case series, reports testing interventions subjects with following infection were included. Results After screening 7790 articles, 29 Multidisciplinary approaches, particularly those combining cognitive remediation interventions, physical exercise, dietary sleep support, may improve address different needs individuals post-COVID-19 condition. a safe, cost-effective option be tailored deficits specific domains. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques hyperbaric oxygen therapy showed mixed preliminary results. Evidence including pharmacological ones, remains sparse. Challenges interpreting include heterogeneity study designs, assessment tools, recruitment criteria; lack long-term follow-up; under-characterization samples relation confounding factors. Conclusions Further research, grounded shared definitions condition accurate COVID-related CI, well-defined longer follow-ups, crucial this significant unmet need.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the impact of cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, and shortness of breath on activities of daily life after COVID-19 infection, until 1-year follow-up

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56, P. jrm35403 - jrm35403

Published: June 25, 2024

Objective: Despite expanding knowledge on COVID-19, the long-term effects daily-life activities remain unclear. The prevalence and changes in fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, activity limitations first year after COVID-19 infection hospitalized non-hospitalized patients were explored. Subjects: A total of 122 recruited from hospital care 90 primary care. Method: Baseline data comprised Montreal Cognitive Assessment Trail Making Test. Participants followed up at 3 12 months using these tests a semi-structured interview to identify symptoms how they affected participation activities. Both within- between-group analyses performed explore over time compare groups. Result: High levels fatigue dysfunction found both groups, which persisted for months. significant impact was also observed, with marginal change 12-month follow-up. group worse than tests, although perceived higher level dysfunction. Activity group. Conclusion: These findings highlight need follow-up further investigation persistent deficits rehabilitation.

Language: Английский

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