Seaweed forests are carbon sinks that may help mitigate CO2 emissions: a comment on Gallagher et al. (2022) DOI Creative Commons
Karen Filbee‐Dexter, Albert Pessarrodona, Carlos M. Duarte

et al.

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(6), P. 1814 - 1819

Published: July 6, 2023

Abstract Recently, Gallagher et al. (2022) suggested that seaweed ecosystems are net heterotrophic carbon sources due to CO2 released from the consumption of external subsidies. Here we outline several flaws in their argument, which believe confuse research on blue potential ecosystems, and unjustifiably generate doubt around initiatives protect restore forests. al.’s evidence relies 18 studies with highly variable measures ecosystem production, do not statistically support conclusion most heterotrophic. This dataset is also inappropriate as it incomplete misrepresents globally, particularly forests, contribute disproportionately global productivity. We maintain climate change mitigation value an depends difference uptake between original its replacement ecosystem. provide drawdown largest flux any vegetated coastal habitat, indeed autotrophic ecosystems. recognize substantial uncertainties remain concerning magnitude by recommend fluxes should be considered more broadly taken into account estimates potential.

Language: Английский

Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in Carbon Capture, Transportation, Utilization, and Storage (CCTUS) Technologies: A Comprehensive Review DOI

Kaiyin Zhao,

Cunqi Jia, Zihao Li

et al.

Fuel, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 351, P. 128913 - 128913

Published: June 10, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

112
Potential role of seaweeds in climate change mitigation DOI Creative Commons

Finnley William River Ross,

Philip W. Boyd, Karen Filbee‐Dexter

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 885, P. 163699 - 163699

Published: May 4, 2023

Seaweed (macroalgae) has attracted attention globally given its potential for climate change mitigation. A topical and contentious question is: Can seaweeds' contribution to mitigation be enhanced at meaningful scales? Here, we provide an overview of the pressing research needs surrounding role seaweed in current scientific consensus via eight key challenges. There are four categories where been suggested used mitigation: 1) protecting restoring wild forests with co-benefits; 2) expanding sustainable nearshore aquaculture 3) offsetting industrial CO2 emissions using products emission abatement; 4) sinking into deep sea sequester CO2. Uncertainties remain about quantification net impact carbon export from restoration farming sites on atmospheric Evidence suggests that contributes storage sediments below farm sites, but how scalable is this process? Products aquaculture, such as livestock methane-reducing Asparagopsis or low food resources show promise mitigation, yet footprint abatement remains unquantified most products. Similarly, purposely cultivating then biomass open ocean raises ecological concerns concept poorly constrained. Improving tracing sinks a critical step accounting. Despite accounting uncertainties, provides many other ecosystem services justify conservation uptake will contribute United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, caution verified associated sustainability thresholds needed before large-scale investment projects.

Language: Английский

Citations

66
Carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation using macroalgae: a state of knowledge review DOI Creative Commons
Albert Pessarrodona, Rita Melo Franco-Santos, Luka Seamus Wright

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(6), P. 1945 - 1971

Published: July 12, 2023

The conservation, restoration, and improved management of terrestrial forests significantly contributes to mitigate climate change its impacts, as well providing numerous co-benefits. pressing need reduce emissions increase carbon removal from the atmosphere is now also leading development natural solutions in ocean. Interest sequestration potential underwater macroalgal growing rapidly among policy, corporate sectors. Yet, our understanding whether can lead tangible mitigation remains severely limited, hampering their inclusion international policy or finance frameworks. Here, we examine results over 180 publications synthesise evidence regarding forest potential. We show that research efforts on macroalgae are heavily skewed towards particulate organic (POC) pathways (77% data publications), fixation most studied flux (55%). Fluxes directly (e.g. export burial marine sediments) remain poorly resolved, likely hindering regional country-level assessments potential, which only available 17 150 countries where occur. To solve this issue, present a framework categorize coastlines according Finally, review multiple avenues through translate into capacity, largely depends interventions above baseline avoid further emissions. find restoration afforestation potentially order 10's Tg C globally. Although lower than current estimates value all habitats (61-268 year-1 ), it suggests could add total coastal blue ecosystems, offer valuable opportunities polar temperate areas currently low. Operationalizing will necessitate models reliably estimate proportion production sequestered, improvements fingerprinting techniques, rethinking accounting methodologies. ocean provides major adapt change, largest vegetated habitat Earth should not be ignored simply because does fit existing

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Blue carbon and the role of mangroves in carbon sequestration: Its mechanisms, estimation, human impacts and conservation strategies for economic incentives DOI Creative Commons

Bhavesh Choudhary,

Venerability Dhar,

A. S. Pawase

et al.

Journal of Sea Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 102504 - 102504

Published: May 10, 2024

Mangroves, tidal marshes, and seagrasses have been recognized as blue carbon coastal ecosystems they accommodate large stocks, enable long-term storage, the capacity to control greenhouse gas emissions possess potential reduce rise in atmospheric CO2 levels. In tropical subtropical intertidal zones, mangroves show significant productivity rapid deposition rates. Mangroves play an important role capturing, transforming, storing atmosphere into sediments for a long time displacing organic from zone offshores ocean. also help preventing storms, hurricanes, erosion, waves. Recently, threatened natural anthropogenic activities such urbanization, pollution, aquaculture tourism. They are expected hamper their essential services, defense, breeding grounds aquatic organisms' seafood supply, etc. Despite importance of mangrove forests sequestration well numerous goods services offer humans, including wood non-wood forest products, food, fisheries, medicines, eco-tourism, recreation. These deteriorating at alarming rates, necessitating immediate intervention. Thus, protection, restoration conservation this ecosystem gaining considerable attention researchers across globe. This paper provides information on different adaptations, mechanisms, roles ecosystem, estimation, influencing factors, threats, strategies invaluable habitat.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Carbon export from seaweed forests to deep ocean sinks DOI
Karen Filbee‐Dexter, Albert Pessarrodona, Morten Foldager Pedersen

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 552 - 559

Published: May 22, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Carbon removal and climate change mitigation by seaweed farming: A state of knowledge review DOI Creative Commons
Albert Pessarrodona, Jennifer Howard,

Emily Pidgeon

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170525 - 170525

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

The pressing need to mitigate the effects of climate change is driving development novel approaches for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from atmosphere, with ocean playing a central role in portfolio solutions. expansion seaweed farming increasingly considered as one potential CDR avenues among government and private sectors. Yet, comprehensive assessments examining whether can lead tangible mitigation remain limited. Here we examine results over 100 publications synthesize evidence regarding capacity farms review different interventions through which an may contribute mitigation. We find that presently, majority fixed by seaweeds stored short-term reservoirs (e.g., products) only minority ends up long-term are likely fit within existing international accounting frameworks marine sediments). Additionally, tiny global area cultivated date (0.06 % estimated wild extent) limits present mid-term future. A first-order estimate using best available data suggests that, at present, even low emissions scenario, any provided globally be offset their (median balance net emitter: -0.11 Tg C yr

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats DOI
Carlos M. Duarte, Antonio Delgado‐Huertas, Elisa Martí

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Potential negative effects of ocean afforestation on offshore ecosystems DOI
Philip W. Boyd, Lennart T. Bach, Catriona L. Hurd

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 675 - 683

Published: April 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Sociotechnical Considerations About Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal DOI Creative Commons
Sarah R. Cooley, Sonja Klinsky, David R. Morrow

et al.

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 41 - 66

Published: July 18, 2022

Ocean carbon dioxide removal (OCDR) is rapidly attracting interest, as climate change putting ecosystems at risk and endangering human communities globally. Due to the centrality of ocean in global cycle, augmenting sequestration capacity could be a powerful mechanism for legacy excess emissions. However, OCDR requires careful assessment due unique biophysical characteristics its Earth system many social systems. Using sociotechnical lens, this review identifies sets considerations that need included within robust assessments decision-making. Specifically, it lays out state technical approaches along with key financial concerns, issues (including public perceptions), underlying ethical debates concerns would addressed if were deployed strategy.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Review of the Status and Developments in Seaweed Farming Infrastructure DOI Creative Commons
Robert Maxwell Tullberg, H.P. Nguyen, C.M. Wang

et al.

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 1447 - 1447

Published: Oct. 7, 2022

This study provides an overview of both traditional nearshore seaweed farming infrastructure and more recent developments intended for large scale in exposed coastal waters where nutrient supply may be a limiting factor. The success multi-species integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) methods predominantly East Asia is clear low cost path to scaling up cultivation the broader world that synergistic sharing nutrients reduction water eutrophication. A number innovations adapt deeper or semi-automate steps promise maintain viability higher labour countries. Co-location IMTA/finfish with grid-connected offshore renewable energy (primarily wind) shows greatest benefits marine space usage, decarbonisation, management. Seaweed growth can accelerated by cycling farm between near surface richer depths upwelling cooler rich sub-surface crops. Such systems would inevitably require significant increases complexity costs, jeopardizing their economic viability. Combinations value products improve such novel systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

43