Different resource partitioning explains plant species richness patterns in tropical alpine ecosystems DOI
Martha Kandziora, Diana L. A. Vásquez, Christian Brochmann

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Species co-existence based on resource partitioning modulates biodiversity patterns across latitudes and altitudes. Resource can occur via specialisation or separation in the geographic range niche. Here, we compare two tropical alpine ecosystems with similar climates to test for climatic niche strategies explaining species richness difference. We species-rich ecosystem South American Andes more species-poor one eastern African mountains. combine phylogenomic data three locally diversified plant lineages each region occurrence records estimate metrics (size overlap). found that Andean have overall larger niches than species, thus smaller indicating is not explanation higher Andes. Instead, overlapping ranges, tend show less overlap effective separation. Taken together, propose different degrees of geographically hence, a pattern partitioning, explain differences between ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Ecological speciation with gene flow followed initial large‐scale geographic speciation in the enigmatic afroalpine giant senecios (Dendrosenecio) DOI Creative Commons
Juan Manuel Gorospe, Eliška Záveská, Desalegn Chala

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 246(5), P. 2307 - 2323

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Summary Mountains have highly heterogeneous environments that generate ample opportunities for lineage differentiation through ecological adaptation, geographic isolation and secondary contact. The of the afroalpine vegetation fragments on East African mountain tops makes them an excellent system to study speciation. initial diversification within endemic genus Dendrosenecio was shown occur via allopatric divergence among four isolated groups, but potential role speciation these groups gene flow in remained uncertain. Here we extend sampling use phylogenomics assess importance genus. Then, population genomics, demographic modelling habitat analyses are used two sister species occurring Mount Kenya. We found sympatric Mt Kenya occupy distinct microhabitats, our support they originated situ with flow. In addition, obtained signals admixture history between groups. Taken together, results suggest shaped main lineages, while ecologically mediated occurred a single mountain.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Mountain Bogs of Costa Rica DOI
Gerardo Ávalos, Rafael Acuña Castillo, José Esteban Jiménez

et al.

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

High-altitude mountain bogs, located in the Central and Talamanca Mountain Ranges of Costa Rica (1200–3100 m a.s.l.), remain one least explored inland aquatic ecosystems potentially most geographically restricted. These unique wetlands are confined to topographic depressions with limited drainage, rely solely on rainfall for maintenance their water bodies, can dry up entirely during prolonged spells. Since they specific soil conditions maintain a characteristic biota many endemic species, bogs deserve urgent conservation attention. Unfortunately, human activities have significantly impacted these fragile (e.g. drainage agricultural purposes, illicit extraction plant fragmentation, pollution, fire). Concentrated predominantly Talamanca, represent discrete biomes embedded within oak forests páramos, reflecting complex interplay between parent material, topography, climatic factors. Here, we discuss ecological traits, biogeographic significance, limnological characteristics, representative organisms, climate change vulnerability propose key research areas enhance management this ecosystem. We compiled list 108 vascular species (27% endemics), analyzed bird composition, listed amphibians reptiles, particularly Bolitoglossa salamanders. present preliminary expected mammals (57 18 endemics, 3 bat genera). Aquatic insects crustaceans just beginning be explored, but several new reports were reported. diverse characterized by high levels endemism. They important carbon reservoirs serve as comprehensive paleobotanical pollen record showing fluctuations location tree line extension páramos geologic past. Climate may cause significant turnover elevational shifts due decreasing increasing temperatures, further compounded risk biological invasions habitat loss mediated such road construction powerline installation. Urgent scientific strategies imperative safeguard endangered bog ecosystem, ensuring its continued existence resilience amidst escalating environmental pressures anthropogenic disturbances.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Global variability in LGM cooling amongst paleoclimate datasets affects biome reconstructions in mountains DOI Creative Commons
Eline Rentier, Ondřej Mottl, Laura Camila Pacheco Riaño

et al.

Frontiers of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: May 29, 2025

Downscaled paleoclimate datasets are widely used in biogeographical research, aiding our understanding of past environmental shifts and species’ responses to climate change. Numerous exist, varying spatiotemporal resolution underlying methodologies, resulting variation estimated temperature. Understanding this variability is important for accurately reconstructing dynamics, especially complex regions like mountains. We compare the Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from five different downscaled — Beyer, CHELSA-TraCE21k, EcoClimate, PALEO-PGEM-series, WorldClim against MAT estimates paleoenvironmental proxy records (fossil pollen plant macrofossils) within outside Additionally, we test performance a ‘global grid cooling’ method (i.e. lowering local temperatures by global LGM estimate) records. Then, evaluate implications inter-dataset temperature-delimited biomes mountains treeline elevations. find that temperature cooling reconstructions strongly vary amongst between The gradient with elevation poorly captured coarser spatial resolution. Paleoclimate generally suggest warmer than records, mountains, while more closely aligns Inter-dataset can affect outcome their boundaries, such as treelines. call greater awareness transparency about limitations mountainous areas further research be aimed capturing small-scale heterogeneity paleotemperature datasets. globally both over- underestimated datasets, overestimation too high) underestimation low) Differences range 288 2779 metres, depending on dataset. several unsuitable capture regions. median difference larger mountain ranges, substantial differences dataset choice impacts hypotheses, conclusions should carefully evaluated.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Past, present, and future of mountain and island systems DOI
Alexandra N. Muellner‐Riehl, Fabien Anthelme, Thomas Ibanez

et al.

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(2), P. 195 - 200

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Hybrids as mirrors of the past: genomic footprints reveal spatio-temporal dynamics and extinction risk of alpine extremophytes in the mountains of Central Asia DOI
Anna Wróbel, Ewelina Klichowska, Marcin Nobis

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 17, 2024

Hybridization is one of the key processes shaping lineage diversification, particularly in regions that experienced strong climate oscillations. The alpine biome with its rich history glacial-interglacial cycles and complex patterns species distribution shifts offers an excellent system to investigate impact gene flow on population dynamics speciation, important issues for evolutionary biology biodiversity conservation. In this study, we combined genomic data (DArTseq), chloroplast markers, morphology examine phylogenetic relationships permeability boundaries their outcomes among extremophilic Puccinellia (Poaceae) Pamir Mountains, a part Mountains Central Asia hotspot. We determined occurrence interspecific hybrids between P. himalaica pamirica, which demonstrated almost symmetric ancestry from parental did not show signals introgression. According our integrative revision, natural pamirica should be classified as ×vachanica (pro species). Using approximate Bayesian computation inference, uncovered hybridized independently multiple localities over Holocene. Hybrids inherited fine-scale genetic structure species, developed these earlier, during Late Pleistocene. had different consequences involved lineages, likely playing role continuing decline Our results considered critically endangered could also retreating across entire range High Mountain Asia. comparative phylogeographic framework, revealed risk extinction cold-adapted global This study highlights genomics unravel diversity trends under change provides valuable evidence conservation management.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Different resource partitioning explains plant species richness patterns in tropical alpine ecosystems DOI
Martha Kandziora, Diana L. A. Vásquez, Christian Brochmann

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Species co-existence based on resource partitioning modulates biodiversity patterns across latitudes and altitudes. Resource can occur via specialisation or separation in the geographic range niche. Here, we compare two tropical alpine ecosystems with similar climates to test for climatic niche strategies explaining species richness difference. We species-rich ecosystem South American Andes more species-poor one eastern African mountains. combine phylogenomic data three locally diversified plant lineages each region occurrence records estimate metrics (size overlap). found that Andean have overall larger niches than species, thus smaller indicating is not explanation higher Andes. Instead, overlapping ranges, tend show less overlap effective separation. Taken together, propose different degrees of geographically hence, a pattern partitioning, explain differences between ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Citations

0