Extra‐pair paternity in birds

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 28(22), P. 4864 - 4882

Published: Oct. 6, 2019

Abstract Since the first molecular study providing evidence for mating outside pair bond in birds over 30 years ago, >500 studies have reported rates of extra‐pair paternity (EPP) >300 bird species. Here, we give a detailed overview current literature reporting EPP and highlight sampling biases patterns data set with respect to taxonomy, avian phylogeny global regions, knowledge which will be crucial correct interpretation results future comparative studies. Subsequently, use this comprehensive dataset simultaneously test role several ecological life history variables. We do not find clear that variation across socially monogamous species can explained by latitude, density (coloniality), migration, generation length, genetic structuring (dispersal distance), or climatic variability, after accounting phylogeny. These contrast previous studies, most likely due large heterogeneity within both predictor interest, indicating using averages might unreliable. Despite absence broadscale drivers explaining interspecific EPP, suggest certain behaviours variables facilitate constrain as indicated our finding was negatively associated latitude noncolonial species, suggesting breeding synchrony. Thus, rather than focussing on general explanations all focus should how various aspects ecology driven among groups populations same Hence, argue partly when taking right perspective. This overview, particularly provided herein create foundation further

Language: Английский

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Reduced fitness in progeny from old parents in a natural population

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 112(13), P. 4021 - 4025

Published: March 9, 2015

Significance As parents age, gamete quality declines. If this decline affects the next generation, it could influence evolution of longevity. Older often produce offspring low fitness in laboratory. Our long-term data from a natural bird population shows, for first time to our knowledge, transgenerational reduction generation associated with parental age. We use 10-year cross-fostering experiment exclude environmental explanations. results challenge currently favored hypothesis evolutionary biology and behavioral ecology that old age signals high mating partners. imply substantial cost reproducing older, rather than younger, The inform increasing concern about delayed reproduction medicine, sociology, conservation biology.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of female promiscuity in Passerides songbirds

BMC Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Aug. 14, 2019

Female promiscuity is highly variable among birds, and particularly songbirds. Comparative work has identified several patterns of covariation with social, sexual, ecological life history traits. However, it unclear whether these reflect causes or consequences female promiscuity, if they are byproducts some unknown evolutionary drivers. Moreover, factors that explain at the deep nodes in phylogenetic tree may be different from those important tips, i.e. closely related species. Here we examine relationships between a broad set predictor variables comprehensive data (N = 202 species) Passerides songbirds, which diversified infraorder Passeriformes exhibiting significant variation promiscuity.Female was all major clades phylogeny also We found associations albeit fairly small effect sizes (all R2 ≤ 0.08). More promiscuous species had: 1) less male parental care, during early stages nesting cycle (nest building incubation), 2) more short-term pair bonds, 3) greater degree sexual dichromatism, primarily because females were drabber, 4) migratory behaviour, 5) stronger pre-mating selection. In multivariate model, however, selection disappeared, while other four showed additive effects together explained about 16% total variance promiscuity. no relationship body size, variation, latitude cooperative breeding.We multiple traits associated but generally weak. Some traits, such as reduced care males cryptic plumage females, might even responses to, rather than of, Hence, high remains enigmatic. seems to rapidly evolving trait often diverges similar ecologies breeding systems. A future challenge therefore understand what drives within-lineage over microevolutionary time scales.

Language: Английский

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Chimpanzees breed with genetically dissimilar mates

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 160422 - 160422

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Inbreeding adversely affects fitness, whereas heterozygosity often augments it. Therefore, mechanisms to avoid inbreeding and increase genetic distance between mates should be advantageous in species where adult relatives reside together. Here we investigate mate choice for dissimilarity chimpanzees, a which many females through dispersal, but promiscuous mating sexual coercion can limit when related adults We take advantage of incomplete female dispersal Gombe National Park, Tanzania compare among immigrant natal two communities using pairwise relatedness measures 135 genotyped chimpanzees. As expected, were more males their community than females. However, 62 breeding events, not the sires offspring females, despite four instances close inbreeding. Moreover, generally less non-sires. These results demonstrate that chimpanzees may capable detecting selecting on basis distance.

Language: Английский

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The ecology of ageing in wild societies: linking age structure and social behaviour

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1916)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

The age of individuals has consequences not only for their fitness and behaviour but also the functioning groups they form. Because social often changes with age, population structure is expected to shape organization, environments experience operation processes within populations. Although research explored in individual particularly controlled settings, there limited understanding how governs sociality wild Here, we synthesize previous into age-related effects on natural populations, discuss links between structure, ecology, specifically focusing might influence functioning. We highlight potential using empirical data from populations combination network approaches uncover pathways linking ageing, societal broader implications these insights impacts anthropogenic animal demography building a deeper ageing general. This article part discussion meeting issue ‘Understanding society populations’.

Language: Английский

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The influence of nonrandom extra-pair paternity on heritability estimates derived from wild pedigrees

Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 69(5), P. 1336 - 1344

Published: March 21, 2015

Quantitative genetic analysis is often fundamental for understanding evolutionary processes in wild populations. Avian populations provide a model system due to the relative ease of inferring relatedness among individuals through observation. However, extra-pair paternity (EPP) creates erroneous links within social pedigree. Previous work has suggested this causes minor underestimation heritability if paternal misassignment random and hence not influenced by trait being studied. Nevertheless, much literature suggests numerous traits are associated with EPP accuracy estimates such remains unexplored. We show analytically how nonrandom pedigree errors can influence estimates. Then, combining empirical data from large great tit (Parus major) simulations, we assess derived pedigrees change depending on mode relationship between focal trait. that magnitude typically small (<15%). Hence, our analyses suggest quantitative inference observations relationships relatively robust; approach also provides widely applicable method assessing consequences EPP.

Language: Английский

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Adjustment of costly extra-group paternity according to inbreeding risk in a cooperative mammal

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 1486 - 1494

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Females of many animal species seek mating opportunities with multiple males, despite being able to obtain sufficient sperm father their offspring from a single male. In animals that live in stable social groups, females often choose mate outside group resulting extra-group paternity (EGP). One reason proposed explain female choice for males is compatible genes, example, order avoid inbreeding depression offspring. The benefits such paternities could be substantial if they result fitter, outbred However, avoiding this way costly females, through retaliation by cuckolded or receiving aggression while prospecting opportunities. We investigate the costs and EGP banded mongoose Mungos mungo, cooperatively breeding mammal which within-group mates are sometimes close relatives. find pups born more genetically heterozygous heavier likely survive independence than within group. matings also involve as occur during violent encounters injury death. This appears lead femalebanded mongooses adaptively adjust levels according current risk associated For group-living animals, intergroup interactions may help variation both rates between species.

Language: Английский

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Mate guarding and frequent copulation in birds: A meta-analysis of their relationship to paternity and male phenotype

Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 70(12), P. 2789 - 2808

Published: Oct. 13, 2016

In many birds, males are presumed to protect their paternity by closely guarding mate or copulating frequently with her. Both these costly behaviors assumed reduce the risk and/or intensity of sperm competition. However, despite studies on avian extra‐pair paternity, it remains unclear how strongly related fitness and other key life‐history traits. Here, we conduct meta‐analyses address two questions. First, frequent copulation positively correlated a male's share at his nest? We find significant positive correlation between both protection share. The relationship is, however, weak (r = 0.08–0.23). This is perhaps unsurprising if partner infidelity, hence need varies among males. For example, more attractive might have less paternity. Second, do higher indices so‐called male "quality" (phenotypic measures, usually subjectively defined researchers as predictors attractiveness) exhibit lower levels behavior? negative quality protection. finding partly explain although discuss other, nonmutually exclusive possibilities.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive sharing in relation to group and colony-level attributes in a cooperative breeding fish

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 282(1811), P. 20150954 - 20150954

Published: July 6, 2015

The degree to which group members share reproduction is dictated by both within-group (e.g. size and composition) between-group(e.g. density position of neighbours) characteristics. While many studies have investigated reproductive patterns within social groups, few simultaneously explored how between-group structure influence these patterns. Here, we composition, along with territory location the colony, influenced parentage in 36 wild groups a colonial, cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher. Dominant males sired 76% offspring their group, whereas dominant females mothered 82% group. Subordinate was frequent, occurring 47% sampled groups. gained more paternity located high-density areas subordinate males. large reproductively mature subordinates had higher rates loss, but only at colony edge. Our study provides, our knowledge,the first comprehensive quantification sharing among N. pulcher, model species for cooperation behaviour. Further, demonstrate that frequency extra-pair differs across small spatial scales.

Language: Английский

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Male age is associated with extra-pair paternity, but not with extra-pair mating behaviour

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 24, 2018

Extra-pair paternity is the result of copulation between a female and male other than her social partner. In socially monogamous birds, old males are most likely to sire extra-pair offspring. The manipulation choice hypotheses predict that age-specific mating behaviour could explain this old-over-young advantage. These have been difficult test because copulations individuals involved hard observe. Here, we studied pairing contexts captive house sparrows, Passer domesticus. Our set-up mimicked complex environment experienced by wild sparrows. We found middle-aged males, which would be considered in natural populations, gained paternity. However, both, solicitation subsequent matings were not associated with age. Further, more when solicited females initiated (i.e. unsolicited copulations). Male within-pair common copulations. To conclude, our results did support either hypothesis regarding behaviour. Instead, choice, independent age, governed success, especially an context. Post-copulatory mechanisms might determine why older

Language: Английский

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