The Effects of Temperature on Animal Gut Microbiomes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 10, 2020

Temperature is a prominent abiotic environmental variable that drives the adaptive trajectories of animal lineages and structures composition communities. Global temperature regimes are expected to undergo rapid shifts in next century, yet for many taxa we lack an understanding consequences these predicted populations. In this review, synthesize recent evidence variation shapes function gut microbiomes, key regulators host physiology, with potential population responses climate change. Several studies spanning range taxa, including Chordata, Arthropoda, Mollusca, have reported repeatable associations between community microbiome. several cases, same microbiome been observed across distantly related suggesting existence conserved mechanisms underlying temperature-induced plasticity. Extreme temperatures can disrupt stability alpha-diversity within microbiomes individual hosts generate beta-diversity among Microbiome states resulting from extreme associated, some cases causally linked, both beneficial deleterious effects on phenotypes. We propose routes by which changes may impact fitness, colonization resistance gut, energy nutrient assimilation, life history traits. Cumulatively, available data indicate disruption be mechanism changing will fitness wild-living

Language: Английский

---

A symbiotic physical niche in Drosophila melanogaster regulates stable association of a multi-species gut microbiota

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2023

Abstract The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and environment, yet microbiome composition relatively stable over time for host species ranging mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key of bacteria. To investigate specificity, we used gnotobiotic Drosophila , microbial pulse-chase protocols, microscopy stability different strains in fly gut. We show that a host-constructed physical niche foregut binds with strain-level stabilizing their colonization. Primary colonizers saturate exclude secondary same strain, but initial colonization Lactobacillus physically remodels through production glycan-rich secretion favor unrelated commensals Acetobacter genus. Our results provide mechanistic framework understanding establishment multi-species intestinal microbiome.

Language: Английский

---

Microbiome composition shapes rapid genomic adaptation ofDrosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(40), P. 20025 - 20032

Published: Sept. 16, 2019

Population genomic data has revealed patterns of genetic variation associated with adaptation in many taxa. Yet understanding the adaptive process that drives such is challenging; it requires disentangling ecological agents selection, determining relevant timescales over which evolution occurs, and elucidating architecture adaptation. Doing so for hosts to their microbiome particular interest growing recognition importance complexity host-microbe interactions. Here, we track pace an experimental manipulation replicate populations Drosophila melanogaster field mesocosms. Shifts composition altered population dynamics led divergence between treatments allele frequencies, regions showing strong found on all chromosomes. Moreover, at divergent loci previously across natural populations, more common fly experimentally enriched a certain microbial group was also high relative abundance group. These results suggest microbiomes may be agent selection shapes pattern and, broadly, single factor within complex environment can drive rapid, polygenic short timescales.

Language: Английский

---

Genomic Analysis of European Drosophila melanogaster Populations Reveals Longitudinal Structure, Continent-Wide Selection, and Previously Unknown DNA Viruses

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 37(9), P. 2661 - 2678

Published: May 9, 2020

Genetic variation is the fuel of evolution, with standing genetic especially important for short-term evolution and local adaptation. To date, studies spatiotemporal patterns in natural populations have been challenging, as comprehensive sampling logistically difficult, sequencing entire costly. Here, we address these issues using a collaborative approach, 48 pooled population samples from 32 locations, perform first continent-wide genomic analysis European Drosophila melanogaster. Our analyses uncover longitudinal structure, provide evidence selective sweeps, identify candidate genes climate adaptation, document clines chromosomal inversion transposable element frequencies. We also characterize among composition fly microbiome, five new DNA viruses our samples.

Language: Английский

---

Mitochondria, the gut microbiome and ROS

Cellular Signalling, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 109737 - 109737

Published: Aug. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

---

The importance of host physical niches for the stability of gut microbiome composition

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1901)

Published: March 18, 2024

Gut bacteria are prevalent throughout the Metazoa and form complex microbial communities associated with food breakdown, nutrient provision disease prevention. How hosts acquire maintain a consistent bacterial flora remains mysterious even in best-studied animals, including humans, mice, fishes, squid, bugs, worms flies. This essay visits evidence that have co-evolved relationships specific some of these supported by specialized physical niches select, sequester symbionts. Genetics approaches could uncover mechanisms for recruiting maintaining stable members microbiome. article is part theme issue 'Sculpting microbiome: how host factors determine respond to colonization'.

Language: Английский

---

How commensal microbes shape the physiology of Drosophila melanogaster

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 41, P. 92 - 99

Published: Aug. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Parallel changes in gut microbiome composition and function during colonization, local adaptation and ecological speciation

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 286(1916), P. 20191911 - 20191911

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

The processes of local adaptation and ecological speciation are often strongly shaped by biotic interactions such as competition predation. One the strongest lines evidence that drive evolution comes from repeated divergence lineages in association with changes community interacting species. Yet relatively little is known about repeatability gut microbial communities their role host populations nature. Here we use three cases rapid, parallel freshwater threespine stickleback to test for associated microbiomes. We find features have shifted repeatedly same direction hosts. These results suggest microbiomes can occur rapidly predictably conjunction evolution, host–microbe might play an important diversification.

Language: Английский

---

Daily temperature fluctuations can magnify the toxicity of pesticides

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 100919 - 100919

Published: April 4, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Gut Microbiota of Drosophila subobscura Contributes to Its Heat Tolerance and Is Sensitive to Transient Thermal Stress

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 6, 2021

The gut microbiota can contribute to host physiology leading an increase of resistance abiotic stress conditions. For instance, temperature has profound effects on ectotherms, and the role thermal tolerance ectotherms is a matter recent research. However, most these studies have been focused single static temperatures instead evaluating in wide range stressful temperatures. Additionally, there evidence supporting that sensitive environmental temperature, which induces changes its composition diversity. These evaluated acclimation (>2 weeks) microbiota, but we know little about impact transient diversity microbiota. Thus, investigated heat Drosophila subobscura by measuring conventional axenic flies exposed different (35, 36, 37, 38°C) estimating landscape for both treatments. Conventional mild conditions exhibited higher than flies, whereas at were no differences between flies. We also assessed taxonomical abundance, diversity, community structure comparing non-stressed (exposed 21°C) heat-stressed 34°C) from sexes. Bacterial indices, bacterial abundances, changed this response was sex-dependent. In general, our findings provide influences modifies structural levels. results demonstrate contributes highly stress, could important consequences fitness, population risk extinction, vulnerability current future climatic

Language: Английский

---