Extreme elevational migration spurred cryptic speciation in giant hummingbirds

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(21)

Published: May 13, 2024

The ecoevolutionary drivers of species niche expansion or contraction are critical for biodiversity but challenging to infer. Niche may be promoted by local adaptation constrained physiological performance trade-offs. For birds, evolutionary shifts in migratory behavior permit the broadening climatic into varied, seasonal environments. Broader niches can short-lived if diversifying selection and geography promote speciation subdivision across gradients. To illuminate breadth dynamics, we ask how “outlier” defy constraints. Of 363 hummingbird species, giant ( Patagona gigas ) has broadest a large margin. test roles behavior, trade-offs, genetic structure maintaining its exceptional breadth, studied movements, respiratory traits, population genomics. Satellite light-level geolocator tracks revealed an >8,300-km loop migration over Central Andean Plateau. This included 3-wk, ~4,100-m ascent punctuated upward bursts pauses, resembling acclimatization routines human mountain climbers, accompanied surging blood-hemoglobin concentrations. Extreme was deep genomic divergence from high-elevation resident populations, with decisive postzygotic barriers gene flow. two forms occur side-by-side differ almost imperceptibly size, plumage, traits. taxon is world’s largest hummingbird, previously undiscovered that describe name here. hummingbirds demonstrate limits on breadth: when ancestral expanded due evolution (or loss) extreme followed.

Language: Английский

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Diversity patterns and speciation processes in a two‐island system with continuous migration

Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76(10), P. 2260 - 2271

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Geographic isolation is a central mechanism of speciation, but perfect populations rare. Although speciation can be hindered if gene flow large, intermediate levels migration enhance by introducing genetic novelty in the semi‐isolated or founding small communities migrants. Here, we consider two‐island neutral model with continuous and study diversity patterns as function probability, population size, number genes involved reproductive (dubbed genome size). For genomes, low induce on islands that otherwise would not occur. Diversity, however, drops sharply to single species inhabiting both probability increases. large sympatric occurs even when are strictly isolated. Then richness per island increases migration, total decreases they become cosmopolitan. each there an optimal intensity for size maximizes species. We discuss observed modes induced how increase insular system while promoting asymmetry between hindering endemism.

Language: Английский

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Genomic patterns in the dwarf kingfishers of northern Melanesia reveal a mechanistic framework explaining the paradox of the great speciators

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 813 - 827

Published: July 26, 2024

Abstract The paradox of the great speciators describes a contradictory biogeographic pattern exhibited by numerous avian lineages in Oceania. Specifically, these display broad geographic distributions across region, implying strong over-water dispersal capabilities; yet, they also repeated genetic and phenotypic divergence—even between geographically proximate islands—implying poor inter-island capabilities. One group originally cited as evidence for this is dwarf kingfishers genus Ceyx. Here, using genomic sequencing comprehensive sampling monophyletic Ceyx radiation from northern Melanesia, we find repeated, deep divergence no gene flow found on islands, providing an exceptionally clear example speciators. A dated phylogenetic reconstruction suggests significant burst diversification occurred rapidly after reaching 3.9 2.9 MYA. This supports shift net rate, concordant with expectations “colonization cycle” hypothesis, which implies historical dispersiveness among speciator during evolutionary past. present formalized framework that explains how founder effects shifting selection pressures highly dispersive genotypes are only ultimate causes needed to generate Within framework, emphasize lineage-specific traits island-specific abiotic factors will result varying levels pressure against dispersiveness, caused eco-evolutionary mechanisms. Overall, highlight understanding patterns helped us cohesive provides rigorous mechanistic explanation emergence radiations island archipelagoes globe.

Language: Английский

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Inter- and intra-archipelago dynamics of population structure and gene flow in a Polynesian bird

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 156, P. 107034 - 107034

Published: Dec. 2, 2020

Language: Английский

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Taxonomic implications of recent molecular analyses of Spectacled (Symposiachrus trivirgatus) and Spot-winged (S. guttula) Monarchs (Passeriformes: Monarchidae)

Emu - Austral Ornithology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(4), P. 365 - 371

Published: Oct. 2, 2021

Genomic approaches to phylogeography routinely reveal that our estimates of species level diversity within island systems are woefully underappreciated. A recent analysis population genetics, and historical demography two pied monarchs (Monarchidae), the Spectacled (Symposiachrus trivirgatus) Spot-winged Monarchs (S. guttula), uncovered unexpected instances paraphyly genetic diversity. Here, we discuss taxonomic implications for these complexes recommend recognising three what has been considered S. trivirgatus. We defer naming a genetically distinct admixed guttula on Gag Island, Indonesia, and, pending further study, advocate continued recognition this as monotypic. This study highlights cryptic in Indo-Pacific complex need thoroughly sampled phylogenomic datasets reconcile taxonomy with evolutionary history birds region.

Language: Английский

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PleistoDist: A toolbox for visualising and quantifying the effects of Pleistocene sea‐level change on island archipelagos

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 496 - 504

Published: Nov. 5, 2022

Abstract Pleistocene sea‐level change played a significant role in the evolution and assembly of island biotas. The formation land bridges between islands during Quaternary glacial maxima, when sea levels were more than 120 metres below present‐day levels, often facilitated historical dispersal gene flow that are today geographically disconnected. Despite importance change, few software packages exist model effects this phenomenon standardised generalised manner. Here, we present PleistoDist, an R package allows users to visualise quantify on over time, test multiple temporally explicit hypotheses inter‐island community assembly. Re‐analysing published datasets, demonstrate how using PleistoDist account for can provide greater explanatory power analysing extant communities, show population genetic simulations be used generate spatiotemporally neutral expectations structure across archipelagos.

Language: Английский

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Waves of Colonization and Gene Flow in a Great Speciator

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 22, 2024

Secondary contact between previously allopatric lineages offers a test of reproductive isolating mechanisms that may have accrued in isolation. Such instances can produce stable hybrid zones-where isolation further develop via reinforcement or phenotypic displacement-or result the merging. Ongoing secondary is most visible continental systems, where steady input from parental taxa occur readily. In oceanic island however, closely related species birds relatively rare. When observed on sufficiently small islands, relative to population size, likely represents recent phenomenon. Here, we examine dynamics group whose apparent widespread hybridization influenced Ernst Mayr's foundational work speciation: whistlers Fiji (Aves:

Language: Английский

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PleistoDist: A toolbox for visualising and quantifying the effects of Pleistocene sea-level change on island archipelagos

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 15, 2022

Abstract Pleistocene sea-level change played a significant role in the evolution and assembly of island biotas. The formation land bridges between islands during Quaternary glacial maxima, when sea levels were up to 120 metres below present-day levels, often facilitated historical dispersal gene flow that are today geographically disconnected. Despite this, relatively few studies have attempted quantify effects on species assemblages. Here we present PleistoDist, an R package allows users visualise over time, test multiple temporally explicit hypotheses inter-island community assembly. Re-analysing published datasets, demonstrate how using PleistoDist account for can provide greater explanatory power analysing extant communities, show population genetic simulations be used generate spatiotemporally neutral expectations structure across archipelagos.

Language: Английский

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Genetic structure of the Japanese Robin (Larvivora akahige) endemic to East Asian islands

Ibis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165(3), P. 875 - 889

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Geographical isolation is a key factor in allopatric speciation although divergence with gene flow has been detected an increasing number of studies, even island systems. To understand the taxa, it necessary to examine historical mainland sister groups, which largely differ due various geological and ecological characteristics each region. The Izu Islands are chain young active volcanic islands warm‐temperate climate zone that branch off from middle Japanese mainland. Despite chain's relatively limited isolation, given its proximity mainland, feature endemic bird species subspecies. Robin Larvivora akahige breeder on East Asian islands, there also subspecies different feather coloration traits. population genetic structure this robin was investigated using nine nuclear microsatellite markers mitochondrial cytochrome b region sequences. Distinct recent differentiation between groups loci, within group unclear over 1900‐km habitat chain. haplotypes were divided into two distant clades, one dominated throughout robin's range other coexisting only as minor type. Those clades inferred have diverged independent clusters, their origins mechanism underlying distribution remain unclear. geographical may formed moderate but long‐lasting barrier for promoted speciation, well serving refugia preservation relict lineages, particularly migratory species, usually move along

Language: Английский

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Timing of Diversification, Dispersal, and Biogeography of Parrots in the Genus Amazona (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) Throughout the Caribbean, Visualized in GIS

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Avian fossil records from across the Caribbean (Greater and Lesser Antilles) demonstrate higher avian diversity prior to extinction events due climate change at end of Pleistocene human impact throughout Holocene. Amazon parrots (Amazona) are a diverse genus New World found Central South America, as well Caribbean. Their phylogeny evolutionary history, specifically for species, has been debated in terms source areas America timing number colonization different islands that preceded diversification into island-endemic forms. Taking geospatial approach using GIS study dispersal biogeography amazon parrots, this uses modified bathymetric data model sea level fluctuations during Late Pliocene (3.6 Ma – 2.58 Ma), (2.58 12 ka), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (~12 ka) potential paths inferred regions on mainland. Network Analyst Euclidean raster analysis ArcGIS Pro 3.0 utilized create an optimal series network pathways flight each time interval, based estimated maximum flying distance parrots. Previous phylogenetic information (for mainland island forms) Amazona supplementary contemporary distributions study. route, distance, distribution mapping results added geographic context dispersion patterns Greater Antillean amazons offered hypothesis spite their paraphyletic status poorly known history.

Language: Английский

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